9.1a reading here is contested लक्षण्यां स्त्रियमुद्वहेदवितथस्वब्रह्मचर्यो मनःकान्तामन्यपरिग्रहत्वसवयःसापिण्ड्यरुग्वर्जिताम् । गोत्रादिप्रवरेषु साम्यरहितां कुष्ठाद्यमर्यादिनीं गौरीत्वानधिकां मनोनयनयोरानन्दिनीं सुन्दरीम् ॥ १ ॥
lakṣaṇyāṃ striyamudvahedavitathasvabrahmacaryo manaḥkāntāmanyaparigrahatvasavayaḥsāpiṇḍyarugvarjitām | gotrādipravareṣu sāmyarahitāṃ kuṣṭhādyamaryādinīṃ gaurītvānadhikāṃ manonayanayorānandinīṃ sundarīm || 1 ||
Let a man who has kept his own brahmacarya unbroken ⟨our mūla now reads avitatha, 'unbroken', with the negative the rule and the metre need⟩ marry a woman who bears the auspicious marks and is dear to him — one not already another's, not of his own age, not a sapiṇḍa, and free of disease; not agreeing with him in gotra, pravara and the rest; free of leprosy (kuṣṭha) and the like ⟨our mūla now reads कुष्ठाद्यमर्यादिनीं; its exact division is not certain, and this follows the sense⟩; not past the age called Gaurī ⟨the Sanskrit gives only that technical age-name and states no number of years⟩; delighting both mind and eye; and beautiful.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वितथम्स्वब्रह्मचर्यो"; alternatives "वितथस्वब्रह्मचर्यो" — p120 L17: an explicit ma-with-virama stands where the compound would normally elide it. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्त्रियमुद्वहेदवितथस्वब्रह्मचर्यो मनःकान्तामन्यपरिग्रहत्वसवयःसापिण्ड्यरुग्वर्जिताम्; this sentence names वितथम्स्वब्रह्मचर्यो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मनः–" — p120 L17: HYPHEN at line end, manah- running on into kanta- on the next line.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुष्ठायमर्यांदिनां"; alternatives "कुष्ठाचमर्यादिनां", "कुष्ठाद्यमर्यादिनां" — p120 L19: NOT CONSTRUED. kushtha (leprosy) is secure and matches 'contagious diseases like leprosy' opposite; the four aksharas after it carry two supernumerary anusvaras and I cannot resolve the word. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुष्ठाद्यमर्यादिनीं; this sentence names कुष्ठायमर्यांदिनां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गौरीत्वनधिकां" — p120 L20: 'not exceeding Gauri-hood'. Gauri is a technical age-name for a girl (8 years in the usual scheme); the English opposite converts it to 'below 10 years of age'. The rendering supplies a NUMBER the Sanskrit does not state - the reverse of a bhuta-samkhya, and worth knowing before treating the English as a witness to the number. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गौरीत्वानधिकां; this sentence names गौरीत्वनधिकां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ १ ॥" — p120 L20: THE VERSE NUMBER RESTARTS AT 1. This is the first verse of Kanda II, and Kanda I ended at 50 on the previous plate. Anything keying verses by number alone across this book will collide - the key has to be (kanda, verse).
- About this edition: Two places in this verse are unresolved on the plate: the word after kuṣṭha, and whether the opening compound carries a negative. The age-term Gaurī is left as the technical name — the published English of this edition converts it to a number of years, which the Sanskrit does not state.
9.2a reading here is contested लेपादाश्च चतुर्थतो ह्युपरि पित्राद्यास्तु पिण्डादिनः आत्मा सप्तम इत्युदीरितमिदं सापिण्ड्यमेकं कुले । सन्तानो यदि भिद्यते यत इतः कन्यावरोद्देशत स्तत्पित्रोरधिगण्यमन्यकुलजं त्वासप्तमात्पञ्चमात् ॥ २ ॥
lepādāśca caturthato hyupari pitrādyāstu piṇḍādinaḥ ātmā saptama ityudīritamidaṃ sāpiṇḍyamekaṃ kule | santāno yadi bhidyate yata itaḥ kanyāvaroddeśata statpitroradhigaṇyamanyakulajaṃ tvāsaptamātpañcamāt || 2 ||
The lepa-sharers are reckoned from the fourth upward; before them stand the father and the rest ⟨pitr-ādyāḥ: the father, the grandfather and the great-grandfather⟩, who receive the piṇḍa; and oneself is the seventh. This, it is declared, is the sāpiṇḍya, and it is one within a family. If the line of descent is broken, then from that point, as regards the girl and the bridegroom ⟨kanyā-vara-uddeśataḥ, as the two later printings are read; on our exemplar's plate the reader could not resolve this word at 3.2x⟩, for their parents one born in another family is to be reckoned up to the seventh and up to the fifth.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चतुर्थंतो"; alternatives "चतुर्थतो" — p121 L2: an anusvara stands over -rtha- in addition to its repha. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चतुर्थतो; this sentence names चतुर्थंतो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रित्रयास्तु"; alternatives "स्त्रित्रयास्तु", "त्रयास्त्रयस्तु" — p121 L2: not settled at 3x. The English opposite has 'three others preceding to them'. [2026-09-23: the head of this word is now confirmed on the plate, and its middle is not. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0121, line index 1, printed folio 119, at about 3.53x native, with the पि of पिण्डादिनः from the same line beneath it) found an i-mātrā over a conjunct that breaks to zero ink across five rows, as त्र does and प does not; a प template reaches only 0.719 in the locus against 0.836 on the other प of the line. The last akṣara is स्तु. So the press sets त्रि at the head, not the पि of पित्राद्यास्तु, which the 2026-09-20 pass wrote from two machine reads of other presses and which was reverted on 2026-09-23. The bodies between त्रि and स्तु do not map cleanly onto त्रित्रयास्तु, and the middle is an open doubt on this verse.] [2026-09-30: the mūla now reads पित्राद्यास्तु on the metre; the press sets त्रि at the head of this word, read by eye on the plate at about 3.53x native, and uk-ps-sastri carries पित्राद्यास्तु in a machine read. A word opening with त्र makes position 11 of this pāda heavy and position 13 light, so the middle of the printed word no longer bears on our text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कन्यावरोर्ज्ञत"; alternatives "कन्यावरोर्ह्ञत", "कन्यावरोऽर्ज्ञत" — p121 L4: the penultimate akshara carries a repha over a conjunct I cannot resolve at 3.2x, and the word is not construable to me. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कन्यावरोद्देशत; this sentence names कन्यावरोर्ज्ञत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ २ ॥" — p121 L5: numeral 2, Kanda II. Note that a verse numbered 2 also exists in Kanda I on plate p99 - the numbers are only unique within a kanda.
9.3a reading here is contested पुंसो वा यदि सन्ततेश्च युवतेर्वध्वा वरस्याथवा सापिण्ड्यं विगणय्य यज्जनकृतस्त्वासप्तमांतं त्यजेत् । प्रस्वाश्चेदथ पञ्चमोपरि विदध्यादेकतो निर्वृत्तं स्यादन्यत्र निवृत्तिरेवमुभयोस्तद्बन्धुतायां विधिः ॥ ३ ॥
puṃso vā yadi santateśca yuvatervadhvā varasyāthavā sāpiṇḍyaṃ vigaṇayya yajjanakṛtastvāsaptamāṃtaṃ tyajet | prasvāścedatha pañcamopari vidadhyādekato nirvṛttaṃ syādanyatra nivṛttirevamubhayostadbandhutāyāṃ vidhiḥ || 3 ||
Whether it be of the man, or of the lineage, or of the young woman — of the bride or of the bridegroom — having reckoned the sāpiṇḍya that people observe, one should avoid up to the seventh. And if ⟨it is reckoned⟩ from the mother ⟨our mūla now reads प्रस्वाश्चेदथ, prasvāś ced atha, 'and if from the mother'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave the same⟩, one should set it above the fifth: on one side it has ceased; elsewhere the cessation holds for both. Such is the rule concerning the kinship between them.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुंसो"; alternatives "पुंसोः", "पुंसां" — p121 L18: a visarga-like pair of marks follows -so; I cannot tell it from dirt at 3.1x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सन्तनेश्च"; alternatives "सन्ततेश्च" — p121 L18: ne vs te not separable at 3.1x; santati (lineage) is what the sense wants. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सन्ततेश्च; this sentence names सन्तनेश्च, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: the plate pass read this line by eye (jp2 page_0121, printed line 18, printed folio 119, at about 3.3x and 4.7x native) and could separate ते from ने there: the press sets सन्ततेश्च, as our mūla now reads.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रस्वाभेदथ"; alternatives "मास्वाभेदथ", "मातुश्चेदथ" — p121 L20: NOT CONSTRUED. The English opposite has 'the 5th removed from the mother', which would want a word for mother here; I can see the aksharas but cannot make that word out of them, and I do not supply one. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रस्वाश्चेदथ; this sentence names प्रस्वाभेदथ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: an eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0121, line index 19, printed folio 119, at about 3.3x and 4.7x native, then measured at 1:1) found that the third akṣara measures as श्च, not भ. It is 63 px wide, where every भ on these leaves is 48-51 px and श्च is 59-60 px, and its lower third carries the full-width sweep of श्च; it also carries a clear े. So the press sets प्रस्वाश्चेदथ, 'and if from the mother', as our mūla reads. The type is light there: the headline over the left third of the letter did not print, so the reading rests on its width, its lower third and the sense.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विद्ध्यादेकतो"; alternatives "विदध्यादेकतो" — p121 L20: ekatah (on one side) matches 'for one party' opposite. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads विदध्यादेकतो; this sentence names विद्ध्यादेकतो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निवृत्तिरेवद्युभयोः"; alternatives "निवृत्तिरेवोभयोः" — p121 L21: an akshara with a u-matra stands between -reva and ubhayoh where the sandhi eva + ubhayoh would give -revobhayoh. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads निवृत्तिरेवमुभयोस्, एवम् उभयोः, 'thus for both'. It was corrected on 2026-09-20 on the lexicon and the metre: एवद्यु is no word, the form with द्यु puts a heavy ninth syllable where the metre wants a light one, and the machine reads of both other printings give एवमुभयोः. The 2026-09-23 plate ruling on this verse did not rule on this word.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ३ ॥" — p121 L21: numeral 3, Kanda II.
9.4a reading here is contested चातुर्थीमपवादमाह भगिनीमात्रात्मजाख्यास्त्यजेत् षष्ठीपञ्चमपञ्चमी परिणयं कुर्यान्न चेत्सा स्वसा । तार्तीया विधिरुःकलद्रविलयोः कार्यो न सार्वत्रिकः वध्वा वा वरषष्ठमष्टममिति स्यान्निर्वृतिस्तद्द्वयोः ॥ ४ ॥
cāturthīmapavādamāha bhaginīmātrātmajākhyāstyajet ṣaṣṭhīpañcamapañcamī pariṇayaṃ kuryānna cetsā svasā | tārtīyā vidhiruḥkaladravilayoḥ kāryo na sārvatrikaḥ vadhvā vā varaṣaṣṭhamaṣṭamamiti syānnirvṛtistaddvayoḥ || 4 ||
He states the exception at the fourth degree: one should avoid those called a sister's daughter and a mother's daughter. The sixth, the fifth, the fifth — the marriage may be made, provided she is not a sister. The rule of the third degree is to be applied in the case of ⟨kalad-ra-vilayoḥ: the plate prints kalad- where kalatra, 'wife', would be expected, and there is no vertical stem, so it is da and not ta. The reader then checked the next syllable at 5.7x precisely because the published English names Orissa and the Tamil country — the glyph is la, not ḍa, so a reading naming those two regions is NOT supported by the ink⟩, and it is not universal. Or, for the bride the sixth and for the bridegroom the eighth — that is where it ceases for the two of them.
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द"; alternatives "द्" — the द of -वाद- carries a slanted descender ending in a blob. At 11x this is the same mark the plain द of देह (line of sloka 5) carries, so it is the face's ordinary द, NOT a virama; the true virama (जेत्) hangs off a vertical stem. Recorded as plain द.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्म"; alternatives "ःम" — in मात्रात्मज the त् of त्म is a small curl fused to म's left; at 6x it is a half-त, not a visarga.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वसा"; alternatives "खसा" — at 1.5x the first akshara reads ख; at 7x a subscript stroke descends from the left element, which is the स्व ligature of this face. Sense (a sister) agrees. Not fully settled.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रुः"; alternatives "रु:", "हुः", "र्ह" — between विधि and क stand a र-like glyph with a subscript hook and then TWO stacked horizontal DASHES (not round dots). Unresolved at 10x; recorded as रुः.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्र"; alternatives "त्र" — the base has no vertical stem, so it is द not त: printed कलद्र-, where कलत्र- (wife) would be expected. Recorded as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विल"; alternatives "विड" — checked at 5.7x because the English names Orissa and Tamil (Kalinga/Dravida); the glyph is ल, not ड. The regional reading is NOT supported by the ink.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निवृति"; alternatives "निवृत्ति" — single त printed where निवृत्ति would need त्त; no conjunct visible at 5.2x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्यान्निर्वृतिस्तद्द्वयोः; this sentence names निवृति, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: re-read on jp2 page_0122 (store line 4) at about 2.2x and 3.8x native. The single त is confirmed: its body is 55 px wide, against 60 px for the single ति of मिति on the same line and 73 px for a त्ति on page_0121. The press also sets a detached repha over व, so the word is निर्वृति; the reading of 2026-09-05 dropped the repha. With निर् pāda 4 is a flawless śārdūlavikrīḍita, and our mūla reads स्यान्निर्वृतिस्तद्द्वयोः, written on the plate.]
- About this edition: The published English of this edition reads regional names (Orissa, Tamil country) into pāda 3. The plate reader examined that syllable at 5.7x for exactly this reason and found la, not ḍa: the regional reading is not in the ink, and is not rendered here.
9.5a reading here is contested कूटस्थाद्विषयत्वमुक्तविधिना सापिण्ड्यकालानिति क्रामः कुल्यनुरोधभञ्जनमतद्देशानुकूल्यं क्रमात् । सम्बन्धप्रतिबन्धुवर्गमुत सापिण्ड्यं तु षाट्कौशिकः पिण्डो देह इहास्य साम्यमगुरु स्याद्गुर्ववित्तांशकः ॥ ५ ॥
kūṭasthādviṣayatvamuktavidhinā sāpiṇḍyakālāniti krāmaḥ kulyanurodhabhañjanamataddeśānukūlyaṃ kramāt | sambandhapratibandhuvargamuta sāpiṇḍyaṃ tu ṣāṭkauśikaḥ piṇḍo deha ihāsya sāmyamaguru syādgurvavittāṃśakaḥ || 5 ||
From the founding ancestor (kūṭastha) the extent of sāpiṇḍya is as the stated rule has it, and so are its terms — the progression (krāma) ⟨our mūla now reads सापिण्ड्यकालानिति क्रामः, with the editor's two brackets taken out of the line⟩, deference to family custom, the breaking of it, and conformity to that country, in order. But as regards the circle of connection and of kindred, sāpiṇḍya is by the six sheaths (ṣāṭkauśika): here the piṇḍa is the BODY, and its sameness is not weighty; there would be a share of the elder's wealth ⟨our mūla now reads स्याद्गुर्ववित्तांशकः; the division of its last compound is not certain⟩.
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(नि)" — editor's bracketed variant set inside the verse line; transcribed as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विषयत्वम्"; alternatives "विषयत्वम्", "विषयत्व" — reads कूटस्थाद्विषयत्वमुक्त- at 1.5x; the त्व conjunct is clear.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(ग्रा,ऋामः"; alternatives "(ग्रा॰)ग्रामः", "(ग्रा॰)क्रामः" — an opening bracket, ग्रा, a comma-like mark, then a glyph I cannot settle between ऋा/क्रा/ग्रा, then मः. Almost certainly the editor's variant apparatus; the closing bracket is absent on the plate. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads क्रामः; this sentence names ग्रा and ऋामः, the forms our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected them, and they are kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भङ्ग्न"; alternatives "भङ्गन", "भग्न" — dense conjunct, unresolved at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुल्यनुरोधभञ्जनमतद्देशानुकूल्यं; this sentence names भङ्ग्न, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "-"; alternatives "न्" — a detached horizontal dash at mid-height between ब and धु. The न् of सम्बन्ध earlier in the SAME line prints as an angular hook fused to ध, and this mark is neither fused nor angular, so it is recorded as a hyphen; the word is presumably प्रतिबन्धु.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ट्टु"; alternatives "ट्ठु", "द्दु", "च्च", "द्धा" — REFUSED as unsettled: a stacked conjunct with a ु below, examined at 7x. I can see it is a doubled retroflex-or-dental stack but cannot name the members. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्याद्गुर्ववित्तांशकः; this sentence names ट्टु, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "र्वै"; alternatives "र्वे", "र्वि" — repha over व with a superscript vowel mark I cannot call between ै and े. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्याद्गुर्ववित्तांशकः; this sentence names र्वै, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गुरु"; alternatives "गुर" — अगुरु / अगुर; the final vowel sign is faint.
9.6a reading here is contested एकस्येत्यपवादमाह पुरतस्तूढा गता चेत्परं तस्मा एव सहोदरीमुपयमेत्पुत्राद्यपेक्षाऽथवा । सोदर्यौ च सहोदरीयुगमयुजौ स्यातामुतैतं यमौ स्यातां वा युगपद्विधेरथ विरोधाभावतो वा क्रमात् ॥ ६ ॥
ekasyetyapavādamāha puratastūḍhā gatā cetparaṃ tasmā eva sahodarīmupayametputrādyapekṣā'thavā | sodaryau ca sahodarīyugamayujau syātāmutaitaṃ yamau syātāṃ vā yugapadvidheratha virodhābhāvato vā kramāt || 6 ||
He states the exception concerning one man: if a woman married before has gone, then to that same man her full sister may be given in marriage — or it may be done out of the desire for a son and the rest. And two full brothers may take a pair of full sisters, unpaired (ayujau); or these two may be twins; or the two may be taken at one time by the rule ⟨our mūla now reads युगपद्विधेरथ; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave the same⟩ — because there is no conflict in it, or else in due order. ⟨For the woman married before, our mūla now reads पुरतस्तूढा, purataḥ tu ūḍhā.⟩
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ग"; alternatives "व" — at 10x the left element of this akshara is an OPEN hook, not the closed loop this face uses for व (compare अपवादमाह, p.120 line 1, checked at 6.5x). Printed अपगाद- where अपवाद- is expected: either a variant or a wrong sort. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads एकस्येत्यपवादमाह. The 2026-09-20 pass corrected it on the lexicon: अपगाद is not a word and अपवाद is, the previous verse opens with चातुर्थीमपवादमाह, and the machine reads of both other printings give अपवादमाह. That pass took the letter this note read at 10x for a wrong sort, so our text departs here from what this note records on the page. The 2026-09-23 plate ruling on this verse did not rule on this akṣara.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुरतम्नृढा"; alternatives "पुरतम्तृढा", "पुरतो मृढा", "पुरतो रूढा" — REFUSED as unsettled. At 9x I can see -त, a small half-consonant, a consonant carrying ृ, then ढा; I cannot name the half-consonant or the ृ-bearer. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पुरतस्तूढा; this sentence names पुरतम्नृढा, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेन्परं"; alternatives "चेत्परं" — the half-consonant before प reads न् rather than त्. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चेत्परं; this sentence names चेन्परं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽ" — avagraha clearly printed in पेक्षाऽथवा; checked at 2.1x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुतैतं"; alternatives "मुतैतौ", "मुभैतं", "मुत एतं" — an anusvara sits on the syllable before यमौ; word division inside स्यातामुतैतं is not determinable from the setting.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "युगमयुजौ"; alternatives "युगमयुजो" — the ौ of both सोदर्यौ and -युजौ is clear at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्द्वि"; alternatives "द्वि", "द्धि" — a triple-looking stack under प; I read द्द्वि at 3.4x but cannot exclude द्वि with heavy inking. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads युगपद्विधेरथ; this sentence names द्द्वि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: settled on the plate. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0123, line index 4, printed folio 121, at about 3.2x and 4.9x native) found the stack under प to be the two-member द्वि: it descends 72 px below the headline, where plain letters on that line descend 64-66 px and the subjoined त्रि of the same leaf 78 px, and a three-member stack would go deeper still. So the press sets युगपद्विधेरथ, as our mūla reads.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धरश्च"; alternatives "धुरश्च", "धरथ" — read श्च (not थ) at 3.4x; the vowel of ध is not certainly a. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads युगपद्विधेरथ; this sentence names धरश्च, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: settled on the plate. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0123, line index 4, printed folio 121, at about 3.2x and 4.9x native) found a े on the fifth akṣara, a separate mark 39 px above the headline with clear white between it and the arc of the ि, and a final थ, which correlates at 0.85 with the two थ on these leaves and at 0.32 with the two श्च. So the press sets युगपद्विधेरथ, as our mūla reads, and this note's own alternative धरथ was the nearer one.]
9.7a reading here is contested सन्तानं यदि विन्दते स्वजनकात्सापत्न्यमाता तदा सापिण्ड्यं भवति त्रिपूरुषमथो नो संततिश्चेत्तदा । तस्यास्तातसहोदरस्य तनया नैव प्रसूसंज्ञिका तत्स्वस्रात्मभवानसून्वयरजा तां तां न सोऽप्युद्वहेत् ॥ ७ ॥
santānaṃ yadi vindate svajanakātsāpatnyamātā tadā sāpiṇḍyaṃ bhavati tripūruṣamatho no saṃtatiścettadā | tasyāstātasahodarasya tanayā naiva prasūsaṃjñikā tatsvasrātmabhavānasūnvayarajā tāṃ tāṃ na so'pyudvahet || 7 ||
If a step-mother obtains offspring from one's own father, then the sāpiṇḍya ⟨our mūla now reads सापिण्ड्यं, the term this chapter uses everywhere⟩ runs to three generations. But if there is no offspring, then the daughter of her father's brother is not called a mother at all; and the daughters born of that woman's sister ⟨our mūla now reads नसून्वयरजा, with the editor's bracket taken out of the word⟩ — none of them may he marry either.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्व" — this स्व (in स्वजनकात्) is the control that settled स्वसा on p.120 line 2: a स with a subscript stroke descending from its left element.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तापिण्ड्यं"; alternatives "सापिण्ड्यं" — the first akshara is त, not स, though सापिण्ड्य is the term used everywhere else in this chapter (p.120 lines 1 and 3 of sloka 5). Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads सापिण्ड्यं for तापिण्ड्यं, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "संततिश्चेत्तदा"; alternatives "संततिश्चेत्तदा" — anusvara on सं, not a subscript nasal; checked at 1.4x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नसून्व(न)यरजा"; alternatives "नसून्वयरजा", "नसून्नयरजा" — REFUSED in part: the editor's bracketed (न) sits inside the word; what surrounds it I read as -सून्व-...-यरजा but the conjunct before the bracket is not certain.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सोऽप्युद्वहेत्" — avagraha clear; the halanta on the final त is the slanted blob-tipped descender this face uses.
9.8a reading here is contested यो मातुश्च पितुश्च पञ्चमतया स्यात्सप्तमत्वात्स्वसा तां कन्यामुपयच्छते त इह जन्मन्येव शूद्राः स्मृताः । किंस्वामी पतिना न चेत्स्वमितरे हीना जनन्यादितो हीनां तां परिणीय नैव पतति स्वानर्थताभावतः ॥ ८ ॥
yo mātuśca pituśca pañcamatayā syātsaptamatvātsvasā tāṃ kanyāmupayacchate ta iha janmanyeva śūdrāḥ smṛtāḥ | kiṃsvāmī patinā na cetsvamitare hīnā jananyādito hīnāṃ tāṃ pariṇīya naiva patati svānarthatābhāvataḥ || 8 ||
One who, by being fifth from the mother and seventh from the father, is a sister ⟨our mūla now reads पञ्चमतया … सप्तमत्वात्, 'by being fifth … by being seventh': the fifth goes with the mother and the seventh with the father, in order; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave सप्तमत्वात्⟩ — those who take such a girl to wife are declared śūdras in this very birth. [The third quarter will not construe as printed — kiṃ svāmī patinā na cet svam — and is not rendered; what follows it says that the others, reckoned from the mother onward, are the inferior ones.] Having married that inferior woman, he does not fall, because no harm to himself follows from it.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "समतम"; alternatives "सप्तमत्वा", "सप्तम" — IMPORTANT: the English opposite says '7th and 5th generations', but at 6.2x I find no प्त stack here - four plain squarish aksharas. The Sanskrit as printed does NOT carry सप्तम. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्यात्सप्तमत्वात्स्वसा; this sentence names समतम, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: re-read on the plate, the press does carry सप्तम. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0123, line index 26, printed folio 121, at about 2.1x, 3.4x and 4.7x native on the 2900x4721 master) found two letter bodies with stems between the स of स्यात्स and the वा, not four squarish akṣaras. The second is म, at 0.958 correlation with the म of पञ्चमतया on the same line; the first is a conjunct that is neither म nor त, the प्त. So the press sets स्यात्सप्तमत्वात्स्वसा, as our mūla reads; the 6.2x read of the 1740 px render was one conjunct short.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्"; alternatives "भ्", "५" — the half-letter before मृताः is worn; at 2.1x it reads as a small detached mark that could be भ् or a numeral. स्मृताः is the word the sense needs but the ink is not clean.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उपयच्छते"; alternatives "उपयच्छन्ते" — read -च्छते at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "किंस्वामी"; alternatives "किंश्वामी" — second akshara is स्व, matching the control in line 13.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "परिणीय"; alternatives "परिणाय" — the vowel on ण is a full-height vertical; whether it carries the ी hook is not resolvable at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वानर्थंता"; alternatives "स्वानर्थता" — an anusvara stands over र्थ, giving -अर्थंता- where -अर्थता- would be expected. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्वानर्थताभावतः; this sentence names स्वानर्थंता, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- About this edition: The published English of this edition reads 'the 7th and 5th generations' here. The plate reader looked for the pta stack at 6.2x and found four plain squarish akṣaras: saptama is not printed. Only the fifth degree is rendered. [2026-09-23: refuted on the plate: saptama is printed. An eye reading at about 4.7x native on the 2900x4721 master (jp2 page_0123, line index 26, printed folio 121) found स्यात्सप्तमत्वात्स्वसा, with प्त a compact conjunct about the width of म; see the dated sentence on this verse's first note.]
9.9a reading here is contested सापिण्ड्यस्य निवृत्त्यनन्तरमयं पुत्रस्सवित्रीस्वसा सोद्वाह्या यदि पुत्रिकावचनतो देशेऽनिषिद्धां विदुः । सङ्कोच्यापि सपिण्डतामकथयस्तन्नर्मदादक्षिणे तीरे पञ्च पितुश्च मातुरुत चेद्गोत्रत्रयाभ्यन्तरे ॥ ९ ॥
sāpiṇḍyasya nivṛttyanantaramayaṃ putrassavitrīsvasā sodvāhyā yadi putrikāvacanato deśe'niṣiddhāṃ viduḥ | saṅkocyāpi sapiṇḍatāmakathayastannarmadādakṣiṇe tīre pañca pituśca māturuta cedgotratrayābhyantare || 9 ||
Immediately after his sāpiṇḍya has ceased, this son ⟨putras savitrī-svasā is printed as one solid string with a doubled ss; the word division here is the compositor's, not the reader's⟩ — the mother's sister may be married, if on the authority of the putrikā rule ⟨our mūla now reads पुत्रिकावचनतो, with the editor's bracket taken out of the word⟩ they hold her not forbidden in that country. And having contracted the sapiṇḍa relation, they have declared this: on the southern bank of the Narmadā, five on the father's side and on the mother's, if it falls within three gotras.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निवृत्यनन्तरम्"; alternatives "निवृत्त्यनन्तरम्" — single त् before य; no doubled त्त visible at 1.5x - the same single-त spelling as निवृति on p.120.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुत्रस्सवित्री"; alternatives "पुत्रस्य सवित्री" — printed as one solid string with a doubled स्स; word division is the compositor's, not mine.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "य दे"; alternatives "यदे", "य द" — a space stands between य and दे in the setting; recorded as spaced.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(व)" — editor's bracketed variant inside the word पुत्रिकाद्व-चनतो. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सोद्वाह्या यदि पुत्रिकावचनतो; this sentence names पुत्रिकाद्व, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽ" — avagraha clear in देशेऽनिषिद्धां.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नर्मदा" — clear; corroborates the English 'south of the Narmada' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मातुरुत"; alternatives "मातुरुक्त" — read मातुरुत at 1.5x; no क् stack seen.
9.10a reading here is contested धर्मोच्छित्तिरियं द्विजस्य दशमादङ्गस्य चासप्तमात् पिण्डस्यापि तृतीयतो यदि भवेत्सब्रह्महैवाथवा । गोत्रस्येव हिता हि मातुलसुता चार्णक्रयस्त्रीसभापङ्क्तिः पर्युषितं च मातुलसुतोद्वाहं पितृष्वस्त्रियाम् ॥ १० ॥
dharmocchittiriyaṃ dvijasya daśamādaṅgasya cāsaptamāt piṇḍasyāpi tṛtīyato yadi bhavetsabrahmahaivāthavā | gotrasyeva hitā hi mātulasutā cārṇakrayastrīsabhāpaṅktiḥ paryuṣitaṃ ca mātulasutodvāhaṃ pitṛṣvastriyām || 10 ||
This is the destruction of dharma for a twice-born from the tenth, and for the aṅga ⟨our mūla now reads दशमादङ्गस्य, 'from the tenth … of the aṅga'⟩ up to the seventh; and if it comes about from the third of the piṇḍa, he is verily a slayer of a Brahmin, or else… The maternal uncle's daughter is indeed held as if of one's own gotra ⟨our mūla now reads गोत्रस्येव, gotrasya iva, 'as if of the gotra'⟩; and [so likewise are] debt, purchase, an assembly of women, the row at a meal, stale food, marriage with the maternal uncle's daughter, and with a paternal aunt's woman.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धर्मोच्छित्ति"; alternatives "धर्मोंच्छित्ति", "धर्मोच्छत्ति" — a small mark rides the ो of र्मो which may be an anusvara or ink; the च्छ stack is clear.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दशामादङ्गस्य"; alternatives "दशमादङ्गस्य", "दशामादङ्घ्रेः" — unsettled at 1.5x; the ङ्ग stack is visible but the vowels around it are not certain. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads दशमादङ्गस्य; this sentence names दशामादङ्गस्य, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चासप्तमात्" — the प्त stack IS present here - a useful control for its absence on p.121 line 26.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तृतीयतो"; alternatives "तृर्तीयतो" — a mark above the second akshara could be a repha; if so the print reads तृर्तीयतो.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गोत्रम्येव"; alternatives "गोत्रस्येव", "गोत्र्येव" — the half-consonant before य is unsettled between म् and स्. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गोत्रस्येव; this sentence names गोत्रम्येव, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चार्ण"; alternatives "चार्ण" — च + ऋण (debt) - matches 'debt, buying, woman's asseembly' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — the line ends in a dash carrying the compound over to line 4; printed matter, not damage.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मातुलसुतोढाहं"; alternatives "मातुलसुतोढा हं", "मातुलसुतोढाह" — word division inside this string is not marked; the anusvara before पितृ- is clear. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads मातुलसुतोद्वाहं; this sentence names मातुलसुतोढाहं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥" — the opening double danda of this verse-number prints as two short broken strokes; type damage, not a different mark.
9.11a reading here is contested ऊढा मातुलकन्यकां स्वजननीगोत्रां समानार्षजां स्वस्रीयां प्रसवः पितृष्वसृसुतां त्यक्त्वैव चान्द्रायणम् । कुर्याद्दक्षिणदेशजैः स्वजननीसोदर्यजो दृश्यते मत्स्यादाः कति जारगा युवतयः क्वासीधुपानाः क्व च ॥११॥
ūḍhā mātulakanyakāṃ svajananīgotrāṃ samānārṣajāṃ svasrīyāṃ prasavaḥ pitṛṣvasṛsutāṃ tyaktvaiva cāndrāyaṇam | kuryāddakṣiṇadeśajaiḥ svajananīsodaryajo dṛśyate matsyādāḥ kati jāragā yuvatayaḥ kvāsīdhupānāḥ kva ca ||11||
One who has married his maternal uncle's daughter, or a woman of his own mother's gotra, or one born of the same ṛṣi-pravara, or a sister's daughter, or ⟨prasavaḥ⟩ a paternal aunt's daughter, must abandon her and perform the cāndrāyaṇa penance. Among those born in the southern country one sees [marriage] with the offspring of one's own mother's own brother or sister. How many are fish-eaters? how many young women go to paramours? and where are the drinkers of spirits?
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मातुंल"; alternatives "मातुल" — an anusvara rides तु, giving मातुंल- where मातुल- is expected. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads मातुलकन्यकां; this sentence names मातुंल, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "समानार्षजां"; alternatives "समानार्षेजां" — repha over र्ष clear at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रसवः"; alternatives "प्रसन्नः" — read प्रसवः at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुर्यांद्द"; alternatives "कुर्याद्द", "कुर्यांद्" — an anusvara rides र्या; the following stack reads द्द. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुर्याद्दक्षिणदेशजैः; this sentence names कुर्यांद्द, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सोदर्यंजो"; alternatives "सोदर्यजो" — an anusvara stands over र्यं. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्वजननीसोदर्यजो; this sentence names सोदर्यंजो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "जारगा"; alternatives "जारगाः", "जारजा" — read जारगा at 1.5x; the English opposite speaks of 'many paramours' (jāra).
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "क्वासीधुपानाः"; alternatives "क्वासीधुपानः" — āsīdhu = spirituous liquor; matches 'those who drink' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥११॥" — verse number set tight, without the spaces used on p.120-122.
9.12a reading here is contested स्पृश्यत्वां युवती क्व मातुलसुतोद्वाहो वृषल्याः पतिः न श्राद्धे विहितौ तथा शतपथी श्रौतो विधिर्दृश्यते । वृषामित्यृतवह्निलोष्णसविश्वप्रत्ययो वा परं दृष्टान्तो न विधिर्न वा जनमतं तद्दक्षिणेऽदक्षिणम् ॥ १२ ॥
spṛśyatvāṃ yuvatī kva mātulasutodvāho vṛṣalyāḥ patiḥ na śrāddhe vihitau tathā śatapathī śrauto vidhirdṛśyate | vṛṣāmityṛtavahniloṣṇasaviśvapratyayo vā paraṃ dṛṣṭānto na vidhirna vā janamataṃ taddakṣiṇe'dakṣiṇam || 12 ||
Where is a touchable young woman [to be found]? Marriage with the maternal uncle's daughter, and the husband of a vṛṣalī (a śūdra woman) — neither is enjoined at a śrāddha; and a Śatapatha ⟨our mūla now reads शतपथी, with the editor's bracket taken out of the line⟩ śrauta rule is likewise seen. 'Vṛṣā' ⟨the reader checked this at 5x precisely because the published English transliterates 'Tripta': the first akṣara's left element is the closed loop this face uses for va, so the plate reads vṛṣā and not tṛptā — the English's 'Tripta' is NOT what this line prints⟩ — and so it is a conviction resting on ṛta (Truth), on fire, and on ⟨loṣṇa: a run of akṣaras the reader could not divide into words; the English names the Sun here, but the solar word is not legible⟩, and on universal assent. But at most it is an illustration, not an injunction; nor is popular opinion authority. What lies in the south is not on the right hand.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्पृश्यत्वां"; alternatives "स्पृश्यत्वं" — checked at 4x: स्पृ + श्य + त्वां, anusvara clear.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(दी)" — editor's bracketed variant on शतपथी, inside the mula line.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "श्रोतो"; alternatives "श्रौतो" — the vowel on श्र reads ो not ौ at 1.5x, though श्रौत is the expected word. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads श्रौतो; this sentence names श्रोतो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वृषा"; alternatives "तृप्ता" — checked at 5x BECAUSE the English opposite transliterates 'Tripta Huai'; the first akshara's left element is the CLOSED loop this face uses for व, so वृ not तृ. The English's Tripta is NOT what this line prints.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लोष्ण"; alternatives "लोष्णा", "इलोष्ण" — REFUSED as unsettled: a run of aksharas I cannot divide into words. The English names Truth, Fire and the Sun; ऋत and वह्नि are legible, the solar word is not.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वह्नि"; alternatives "वद्धि" — read ह्नि at 1.7x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽद्दक्षिणम्"; alternatives "ऽदक्षिणम्" — whether the akshara after the avagraha is a द्द stack or a plain द is genuinely open: this face gives PLAIN द a slanted blob-tipped descender (established on p.120 by comparing देह with the halanta of जेत्), so a lone द can read as a stack at this size. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तद्दक्षिणेऽदक्षिणम्; this sentence names ऽद्दक्षिणम्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.13a reading here is contested सापिण्ड्यं भवति त्रिपूरुषमिह सावर्ण्यमात्रोद्भवा ये केचित्कुलनिम्नमातृजनिता सर्वेऽपि ते भ्रातरः । सर्वा मातर एव तातवनिता तद्भ्रातरो मातुला दत्तस्य स्वकुलेषु सप्त पुरुषा गोप्तुस्तु सङ्कोचतः ॥ १३ ॥
sāpiṇḍyaṃ bhavati tripūruṣamiha sāvarṇyamātrodbhavā ye kecitkulanimnamātṛjanitā sarve'pi te bhrātaraḥ | sarvā mātara eva tātavanitā tadbhrātaro mātulā dattasya svakuleṣu sapta puruṣā goptustu saṅkocataḥ || 13 ||
Here sāpiṇḍya runs to three generations. Those born merely of the same varṇa ⟨our mūla now reads सावर्ण्यमात्रोद्भवा, 'born merely of the same varṇa'⟩ — whoever are begotten of mothers low in family — all of them too are brothers. All the father's wives are indeed mothers, and their brothers are maternal uncles. For a given son, in his own family, seven generations; but for the adopter, by contraction.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽङ्गवा"; alternatives "ऽद्वा", "ऽङ्ग्वा" — the stack after the avagraha is not cleanly resolvable at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सावर्ण्यमात्रोद्भवा; this sentence names ऽङ्गवा, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निम्न"; alternatives "निम्र", "निन्न" — the subscript in the second akshara is between म् and न्.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सर्वां"; alternatives "सर्वा" — anusvara over र्वा clear at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सर्वा; this sentence names सर्वां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सप्त" — the प्त stack is unambiguous here and matches 'seven generations' opposite.
9.14a reading here is contested नोद्वाह्या स्वपितृव्यपत्निसहजा सापत्न्यमातृष्वसा तत्पुत्र्यौ च सहोदरस्य गृहिणी सोदर्यपि स्वात्मसूः । स्वोपाध्यायतनूभवा सुतसुता नोद्वाहयोग्या भवेत् पैत्र्यस्यैव विचिन्तयेत्प्रवरभिन्नत्वं न मातुर्भवेत् ॥ १४ ॥
nodvāhyā svapitṛvyapatnisahajā sāpatnyamātṛṣvasā tatputryau ca sahodarasya gṛhiṇī sodaryapi svātmasūḥ | svopādhyāyatanūbhavā sutasutā nodvāhayogyā bhavet paitryasyaiva vicintayetpravarabhinnatvaṃ na māturbhavet || 14 ||
Not to be married: the sister of one's paternal uncle's wife; a step-mother's sister; the daughters of those two; a full brother's wife; even a full sister; one's own mother; the daughter of one's own teacher; a son's daughter — none of these is fit for marriage. Difference of pravara is to be considered on the father's side only; it does not hold for the mother.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नोढाह्या"; alternatives "नोढ्वाह्या", "नोद्वाह्या" — the ढ may carry a subscript व (नोढ्वाह्या); the expected word is न + उद्वाह्या. Not settled at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads नोद्वाह्या; this sentence names नोढाह्या, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पत्नि"; alternatives "पत्नी" — short i printed in -पत्निसहजा.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सोदर्यंपि"; alternatives "सोदर्याऽपि", "सोदर्यापि" — an anusvara stands where a long ā + avagraha would be expected. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सोदर्यपि; this sentence names सोदर्यंपि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नोढ्वाहयोग्या"; alternatives "नोढाहयोग्या", "नोद्वाहयोग्या" — same unresolved ढ/ढ्व as line 14. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads नोद्वाहयोग्या; this sentence names नोढ्वाहयोग्या, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पैत्र्यंस्यैव"; alternatives "पैत्र्यस्यैव" — an anusvara rides त्र्य. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पैत्र्यस्यैव; this sentence names पैत्र्यंस्यैव, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्प्र" — IMPORTANT TYPOGRAPHY: these two aksharas are set RAISED above the line of type in विचिन्तयेत्प्रवर-. Compositor's makeshift for a wide conjunct, not an accent, not quotation, not an editorial mark.
9.15a reading here is contested आदौ मित्रमुखावलोकनमुदो न प्राशयेदात्मजागेहे कोकुद आदिविष्णुरिति नो जामातरं कोपयेत् । नार्च्यं लिंगयुगं सुदर्शनयुगं नो भास्करद्वन्द्वकं सालिग्रामयुगं च नैव शुभदं शक्तित्रयं शाङ्करेः ॥ १५ ॥
ādau mitramukhāvalokanamudo na prāśayedātmajāgehe kokuda ādiviṣṇuriti no jāmātaraṃ kopayet | nārcyaṃ liṃgayugaṃ sudarśanayugaṃ no bhāskaradvandvakaṃ sāligrāmayugaṃ ca naiva śubhadaṃ śaktitrayaṃ śāṅkareḥ || 15 ||
At the outset one should not eat, out of the joy of looking on a friend's face, in the house of one's own daughter ⟨our mūla now reads कोकुद आदि, with the editor's bracket taken out; कोकुद is left unrendered because its sense is not clear⟩. 'Viṣṇu is first' — and so one should not anger a son-in-law. A pair of liṅgas is not to be worshipped, nor a pair of Sudarśanas, nor a pair of Bhāskaras, nor a pair of Śālagrāmas; and a triad of Śaktis is not auspicious for the follower of Śaṅkara.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — line ends in a dash carrying the compound to line 2.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(ल)" — editor's bracketed variant inside the word.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आदि"; alternatives "अंदि", "अःदि" — a small mark sits beside the initial vowel; I cannot call it between the ā-matra and an anusvara/visarga at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लिंगयुगं"; alternatives "लिङ्गयुगं" — printed with anusvara, not the ङ् conjunct. As printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "शाङ्करे:"; alternatives "शाङ्करैः", "शाङ्करेः" — the vowel reads े with a following visarga; ै is possible.
9.16a reading here is contested सालिग्रामयुजि द्वयं न विहितं चैकं विना युज्यते प्राच्यं भिन्नमपि स्वचक्रसहितं लिंगं पुनः शोधयेत् । लिंगोच्छ्रायसमोऽप्यमस्तकवृतस्त्रैगुण्यवद्वृत्तता तद्वत्पीठमपि प्रणालमपि तत्तत्पञ्चसूत्रीक्रमः ॥ १६ ॥
sāligrāmayuji dvayaṃ na vihitaṃ caikaṃ vinā yujyate prācyaṃ bhinnamapi svacakrasahitaṃ liṃgaṃ punaḥ śodhayet | liṃgocchrāyasamo'pyamastakavṛtastraiguṇyavadvṛttatā tadvatpīṭhamapi praṇālamapi tattatpañcasūtrīkramaḥ || 16 ||
Where a Śālagrāma is joined [in worship], two are not enjoined; one alone, without another, is fitting. An eastern one, even if broken, if it carries its own cakra — the liṅga should be purified afresh. Even one equal in height (ucchrāya) to a liṅga ⟨our mūla now reads लिंगोच्छ्राय, 'the height of the liṅga'⟩, headless and encircled, has a roundness proportioned to the three guṇas; and so too the pīṭha and the praṇāla — such in each case is the order of the five measuring-cords.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुनः"; alternatives "ऽनः", "पुन:" — the akshara before नः is small and partly filled; पुनः is what the sense needs and what the shape best supports.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लिंगं"; alternatives "लिङ्गं" — anusvara, not the ङ् conjunct. As printed - consistent with p.124 line 29.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "च्छाय"; alternatives "च्छायय", "च्छ्राय" — REFUSED as unsettled: I cannot decide how many य-shaped aksharas stand after the च्छ stack at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads लिंगोच्छ्रायसमोऽप्यमस्तकवृतस्त्रैगुण्यवद्वृत्तता; this sentence names च्छाय, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वृतस्"; alternatives "वृत्तस्" — single त read; the line's last word वृत्तता does carry a doubled त, so the contrast is visible in one line.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥" — the opening double danda prints with one stroke broken; type damage.
9.17a reading here is contested यः कुर्यात्पितृपार्वणं सुदिवसे कार्यं स मातामहं नो चेद्यः पितृहा विहाय विहितप्रत्याब्दिकाद्यादिकम् । पत्नीभिः सह तत्पृथक्त्वमुदितं वृद्धौ गयायाष्टके धर्मो दैवविधिष्वथोऽर्हति गृहे पत्न्यन्यथा दास्यति ॥१७॥
yaḥ kuryātpitṛpārvaṇaṃ sudivase kāryaṃ sa mātāmahaṃ no cedyaḥ pitṛhā vihāya vihitapratyābdikādyādikam | patnībhiḥ saha tatpṛthaktvamuditaṃ vṛddhau gayāyāṣṭake dharmo daivavidhiṣvatho'rhati gṛhe patnyanyathā dāsyati ||17||
He who would perform the pārvaṇa for the paternal ancestors on an auspicious day ⟨our mūla now reads कुर्यात्पितृपार्वणं सुदिवसे⟩ must do it for the maternal grandfather also; if he does not, he is a slayer of his father, having abandoned the enjoined annual rite and the rest. Together with the wives, their separateness is laid down — at a Vṛddhi, at Gayā, and at the Aṣṭakā. And so dharma is warranted in the house at the daiva rites; otherwise the wife will give.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुर्यांतिपितृ"; alternatives "कुर्यादपि पितृ", "कुर्यात्पितृ", "कुर्यादिति पितृ" — REFUSED as unsettled: an anusvara over र्या then an akshara I read as ति before पितृ-. The English opposite implies कुर्यात् पितृपार्वणं; the ink does not clearly give the halanta. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुर्यात्पितृपार्वणं; this sentence names कुर्यांतिपितृ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुदिवसे"; alternatives "शुदिवसे", "सुदिवसे" — first akshara unsettled; the English says 'on an auspicious day'. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सुदिवसे; this sentence names मुदिवसे, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पितृहा" — clear; matches 'the sin of patricide' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मृदितं"; alternatives "मुदितं", "म्रुदितं" — the vowel under म is ृ or ु; not settled at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तत्पृथक्त्वमुदितं; this sentence names मृदितं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वृद्धौ गयायाष्टकं" — Vriddhi, Gaya, Ashtaka - the three Sraddhas named in the English opposite; all three legible. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गयायाष्टके; this sentence names गयायाष्टकं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दैव"; alternatives "देव" — the mark over द reads ै rather than े at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽर्हति"; alternatives "ऽर्हति" — avagraha plus repha both clear.
9.18a reading here is contested जन्मज्यैष्ठ्यमथोदरे निपतनं रेतोनिषेकक्रमाद्यद्वक्त्रं प्रथमं तु पश्यति पिता स ज्येष्ठ इत्युच्यते । त्रिज्यैष्ठ्यं परिवर्जनीयमथ तज्ज्येष्ठं द्वयं मंगलं रु र्मंण्यार्तवशोधनं त्वितरयोः स्पृश्यावगाहैः कृते ॥१८॥
janmajyaiṣṭhyamathodare nipatanaṃ retoniṣekakramādyadvaktraṃ prathamaṃ tu paśyati pitā sa jyeṣṭha ityucyate | trijyaiṣṭhyaṃ parivarjanīyamatha tajjyeṣṭhaṃ dvayaṃ maṃgalaṃ ru rmaṃṇyārtavaśodhanaṃ tvitarayoḥ spṛśyāvagāhaiḥ kṛte ||18||
Seniority may be by birth, or by falling into the womb, or by the order in which the seed was sown; but he whose face the father sees first is called the eldest. A threefold seniority is to be shunned; two being eldest is auspicious. ⟨The fourth quarter opens with 'ru', then a WORD-SPACE, then an akṣara carrying both a repha-like hook and an anusvāra, then 'ṇyā'. The reader refused it as unsettled at 3.2x and records that a space inside what must be a compound is itself suspect — the type may be disturbed.⟩ But for the other two ⟨our mūla now reads त्वितरयोः, tu itarayoḥ⟩, the purification of the menstrual flow is accomplished by touch and by immersion.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — the compound is carried over the line-end by a dash.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मंगलं"; alternatives "मङ्गलं" — anusvara, not the ङ् conjunct - this edition's habit throughout these plates.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रु र्मंण्या"; alternatives "रुग्मण्या", "रु ंमण्या", "-रुर्मण्या" — REFUSED as unsettled. At 3.2x the pada opens with रु, a WORD-SPACE, then an akshara carrying both a repha-like hook and an anusvara, then ण्या. A space inside what must be a compound is itself suspect; this may be disturbed type. Recorded as it stands on the plate, space included.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आर्तवशोधनं" — legible and matches 'purification by a bath where there is pollution' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रितरयोः"; alternatives "तितरयोः", "द्वितरयोः" — first akshara not certain. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads त्वितरयोः; this sentence names त्रितरयोः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.19a reading here is contested स्वौदर्यो दुहितुस्सुतस्स्ववनिताक्षेत्रोद्भवः क्षेत्रजः कानीनश्च पुनर्भुवोऽपि तनयो दत्तः क्रयात्कृत्रिमः । दत्तात्मापि सहोढगूढतनयौ तत्रापविद्धः क्रमात् पुत्रा द्वादश तत्र दत्तजनितावन्ये निषिद्धाः कलौ ॥ १९ ॥
svaudaryo duhitussutassvavanitākṣetrodbhavaḥ kṣetrajaḥ kānīnaśca punarbhuvo'pi tanayo dattaḥ krayātkṛtrimaḥ | dattātmāpi sahoḍhagūḍhatanayau tatrāpaviddhaḥ kramāt putrā dvādaśa tatra dattajanitāvanye niṣiddhāḥ kalau || 19 ||
One's own begotten son ⟨our mūla no longer carries the editor's (ma) inside the line⟩; the daughter's son; one begotten on one's own wife's field ⟨our mūla now reads क्षेत्रोद्भवः; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave the same⟩; the kṣetraja; the kānīna; the son of a remarried woman; the given; the bought; the artificial; the self-given; the sahoḍha and the gūḍha son; and among them the cast-off (apaviddha) — in that order. Twelve sons; and of these the given and the begotten [stand], the rest being forbidden in the Kali age.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(म)" — editor's bracketed variant, inside the mula line. [2026-09-23: the mūla no longer carries (म). The 2026-09-20 pass struck it on the metre as an editor's apparatus mark inside the line, which costs pāda 1 a syllable; the machine read of uk-bhasin-hindi gives (स) in the same slot and that of uk-ps-sastri nothing. The 2026-09-23 plate pass measured, without reading it by eye, an ink group 135 px wide carrying four stems between स्वौदर्यो and दुहितुस् on the master. The mark stays out of the mūla as apparatus.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[॰॰]"; alternatives "द्भव", "हुव" — REFUSED: two aksharas between क्षेत्रो and जः lie in a soft, out-of-focus patch of THIS scan (not an overlay, not page damage - the surrounding ink is sharp). At 6x they resolve no further. The obvious reconstruction is क्षेत्रोद्भवः, but the ink does not support it and I have not written it into the text. [2026-09-23: settled on the plate. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0128, line index 30, printed folio 126, at about 3.7x native on the 2900x4721 master, plain and gamma-2.2) found the patch thin but inked: 47% of the near-black density of the healthy words on the same line, where blank paper on those rows carries no such ink. It holds exactly two letter positions before the visarga: a stacked conjunct, द्भ, and a letter with a closed left bowl joined to its right stem, व, where ज in this fount has no bowl. The gamma stretch raised no further stroke. So the press sets क्षेत्रोद्भवः, as our mūla reads, and so do the machine reads of uk-ps-sastri (page_0211 line 18) and uk-bhasin-hindi (page_0218 line 6).]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्सववनिता"; alternatives "स्सवबनिता", "स्स ववनिता" — the va/ba counter test applies here: at 1.5x both aksharas show the CLOSED loop of व, so ववनिता, not बनिता. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads दुहितुस्सुतस्स्ववनिताक्षेत्रोद्भवः; this sentence names स्सववनिता, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "क्रयात्"; alternatives "क्रयाः", "क्रयां" — the mark between क्रया and कृत्रिमः reads as a halanta on त but is small; Manu's list has Kreeta (bought), so क्रयात् fits.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अपविद्धः" — legible; Apaviddha is named in the English Note on the next plate.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्वादश" — twelve - matches '12 kinds' opposite.
9.20a reading here is contested पुत्रार्थं समुपोष्य कुण्डलयुगं वस्त्रद्वयाद्यं ददद्यो यज्ञेन वितीर्यपुत्रमथ देवस्येति गृह्णन्मुदा । हुत्वा व्याहृतिभिः स्वगृह्यविधिना प्रातर्भगाद्यैरथो संभोज्य द्विजसन्ततिं चरुहुतिं यस्त्वाहृदेत्यावदेत् ॥ २० ॥
putrārthaṃ samupoṣya kuṇḍalayugaṃ vastradvayādyaṃ dadadyo yajñena vitīryaputramatha devasyeti gṛhṇanmudā | hutvā vyāhṛtibhiḥ svagṛhyavidhinā prātarbhagādyairatho saṃbhojya dvijasantatiṃ caruhutiṃ yastvāhṛdetyāvadet || 20 ||
He who, having fasted for the sake of a son, gives a pair of earrings, two garments and the rest; who, having made the son over by a sacrifice, then receives him gladly with the words 'devasya…'; who has offered oblation with the vyāhṛtis ⟨our mūla now reads व्याहृतिभिः⟩ by his own gṛhya rule, with the Prātarbhāga and the rest; and who, having then fed the twice-born, makes the caru oblation ⟨our mūla now reads सन्ततिं चरुहुतिं, with the accusatives⟩ and recites 'yas tvā hṛdā…' ⟨our mūla now reads यस्त्वाहृदेत्यावदेत्, ending in iti āvadet, 'should recite thus'⟩.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — line-end dash carrying the sentence over.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वितीर्यंपुत्रम्"; alternatives "वितीर्यपुत्रम्" — an anusvara rides र्य. As printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बिः"; alternatives "भिः" — the ba/bha test at 1.5x: the glyph shows a CLOSED left loop, which is this face's ब, not भ (left vertical + crossbar). So व्याहृतिबिः is printed where व्याहृतिभिः is required - the English opposite has 'chant the mystic syllables' (vyahrti). Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads व्याहृतिभिः for व्याहृतिबिः, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रातर्भंगायैरथो"; alternatives "प्रातर्भंगाद्यैरथो", "प्रातर्भगाद्यैरथो" — the akshara before रथो may be यै or द्यै; the English opposite transliterates 'Pratrabhaga'. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रातर्भगाद्यैरथो; this sentence names प्रातर्भंगायैरथो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यस्त्वाहृदेत्वावदेत"; alternatives "यस्त्वाहृदेत्यावदेत्" — the English opposite transliterates 'Yastvahride' - a hymn incipit - so इति + आवदेत् is expected; the plate gives त्वा where त्या is wanted, and no final halanta is visible. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यस्त्वाहृदेत्यावदेत्; this sentence names यस्त्वाहृदेत्वावदेत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सन्तति चरहुति"; alternatives "सन्ततिं चरुहुतिं" — no anusvaras and no u-matra on चर visible at 1.5x, though the syntax wants accusatives and चरु (cooked rice) is what the English renders. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चरुहुतिं; this sentence names चरहुति, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.21a reading here is contested भ्रात्रादेस्तनयस्त्रिवर्गमधुरो ग्राह्यो न वैषम्यदो न ज्येष्ठो विधवा न दातुमुचिता नादातुमप्यक्रमात् । हीनोऽपि प्रवरे स्वभर्त्रनलबद्धोमश्च बोध्यादितस्वाचूडादुपनायितेऽतिविहितो दासो न शूद्रस्य वा ॥२१॥
bhrātrādestanayastrivargamadhuro grāhyo na vaiṣamyado na jyeṣṭho vidhavā na dātumucitā nādātumapyakramāt | hīno'pi pravare svabhartranalabaddhomaśca bodhyāditasvācūḍādupanāyite'tivihito dāso na śūdrasya vā ||21||
A brother's son and the like, sweet in the three ends of life, is to be taken; not one who brings inequality, and not the eldest. A widow is fit neither to give, nor, out of order, to withhold. Even one inferior in pravara — and the homa is bound to the fire of the man who takes him ⟨our mūla now reads स्वभर्त्रनलबद्धोमश्च, with no anusvāra and no separate ha before -oma, which the metre keeps out⟩ — with the mantras beginning 'bodhi…'; from the tonsure onward, once he has been initiated, he is fully entitled; but not a slave, nor a śūdra's son.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मधुरो"; alternatives "मधुरो" — read मधुरो at 1.5x; the compound division भ्रात्रादेः + तनयः + त्रिवर्ग + मधुरः is the compositor's, unmarked.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विधवा"; alternatives "विधबा" — va/ba counter test applied: the second and third aksharas both show the closed व counter, so विधवा (widow). Clean at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वभर्त्रंनलबद्धोमश्च"; alternatives "स्वभर्त्रनलबद्धहोमश्च" — an anusvara on र्त्र and no separate ह before ोम. The sense the English gives ('the sacrifice must be observed according to the customs of the man who adopts him') wants svabhartr-anala-baddha-homa. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads स्वभर्त्रनलबद्धोमश्च for स्वभर्त्रंनलबद्धोमश्च, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बोध्यादित"; alternatives "बोध्यादितः" — matches 'Mantras commencing with Bodhi' opposite; no visarga visible before the dash.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽति"; alternatives "ऽन्ति", "ऽपि" — the akshara after the avagraha is not certain at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चूडा" — tonsure - matches 'before the tonsure ceremony' opposite; clear.
9.22a reading here is contested शूद्रादत्तधना द्विजा यदि मदीयाज्ञा त्वया तन्यते ते शूद्राः न तु तत्फलं च लभते शूद्रस्य पाराशरः । विप्रद्वारिकृते च हावनविधौ तत्सिद्धिरित्युक्तवान् दत्तोऽसौ जनकस्य कर्तृविरहे श्राद्धं च कुर्यात्स्वयम् ॥२२॥
śūdrādattadhanā dvijā yadi madīyājñā tvayā tanyate te śūdrāḥ na tu tatphalaṃ ca labhate śūdrasya pārāśaraḥ | vipradvārikṛte ca hāvanavidhau tatsiddhirityuktavān datto'sau janakasya kartṛvirahe śrāddhaṃ ca kuryātsvayam ||22||
If twice-born men have taken wealth given by a śūdra — 'if my command is carried out by you' — then they are śūdras; and one does not obtain the fruit of it, which belongs to the śūdra. So Pārāśara. And in the rule of oblation, when it is done at a Brahmin's door ⟨our mūla now reads विप्रद्वारिकृते; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave the same⟩, its accomplishment lies therein — so he has said. And the adopted son, when there is no one else to perform it, should himself perform the śrāddha of his begetter.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मदीयाज्ञा"; alternatives "मदीयाज्ञा" — the ज्ञ conjunct is clear; word division inside यदि मदीयाज्ञा त्वया is the compositor's.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ते"; alternatives "ते", "ते ऽ" — the pada opens with a small, partly-inked akshara before शूद्राः; ते is my reading and it is not clean.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पाराशरः" — matches 'So has opined the Sage Parasara' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विच्छादारिक्ते"; alternatives "विप्रागारे रिक्ते", "विच्छादारिक्रते" — REFUSED as unsettled. The English opposite has 'a sacrifice performed in the house of a Brahmin', which would want vipra-agare; the plate does not give that, and I cannot divide the string I see into words. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads विप्रद्वारिकृते; this sentence names विच्छादारिक्ते, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: settled on the plate. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0130, line index 17, printed folio 128, at about 3.1x native) counted six cells, वि, प्र, द्वा, रि, कृ, ते, not the five this note's reading needs: there is no ā-mātrā in cell 2 and one in cell 3. So the press sets विप्रद्वारिकृते, as our mūla reads and as the machine read of uk-bhasin-hindi gives; the string this note could not divide was mis-transcribed, not mis-divided.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हावन"; alternatives "हवन" — long a on ह as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुर्यांत्स्वयम्"; alternatives "कुर्यात्स्वयम्" — an anusvara rides र्या. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुर्यात्स्वयम्; this sentence names कुर्यांत्स्वयम्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: the 2026-09-23 plate ruling on this verse did not re-open this anusvāra. Our mūla reads कुर्यात् on the lexicon, because कुर्यांत् is no form of the optative; the machine read of uk-bhasin-hindi has no anusvāra here.]
9.23a reading here is contested दत्तक्रीतमुखाः सगोत्रविहिता गोत्रं प्रयान्त्येव नो सापिण्ड्यं तु वसिष्ठवाक्यमुत दत्तोऽप्यन्यशाखोद्भवः । पुत्रश्चेदुपनायितः स्वविधिना स्वस्यैव शाखादिभागंशादी च सपिण्डतश्च न तदा शौचं स्वकं नान्यथा ॥२३॥
dattakrītamukhāḥ sagotravihitā gotraṃ prayāntyeva no sāpiṇḍyaṃ tu vasiṣṭhavākyamuta datto'pyanyaśākhodbhavaḥ | putraścedupanāyitaḥ svavidhinā svasyaiva śākhādibhāgaṃśādī ca sapiṇḍataśca na tadā śaucaṃ svakaṃ nānyathā ||23||
Those beginning with the given and the bought, when appointed within the same gotra, do pass into the gotra, but not into the sāpiṇḍya — that is Vasiṣṭha's word. And even a given son born of another śākhā: if the son has been initiated by his own [adopter's] rule, then the śākhā and the rest are his own, and his share, and his sapiṇḍa relation; and then his period of pollution is his own, and not otherwise.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दत्तक्रीतमुखाः" — datta + krita - 'taken in adoption and bought', exactly the English opposite; clean.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वसिष्ठ"; alternatives "बसिष्ठ" — va/ba counter test: the first akshara shows the closed व counter, so Vasishtha - matching 'So says the Sage Vasishtha' on the following plate.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — the compound शाखादिभागंशादी is broken across the line by a dash; the second half opens line 4.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गंशादी"; alternatives "गांशादि", "गंशार्दी" — continues शाखादिभा- from line 3; the vowel quantities are not certain at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "शौचं" — matches 'the pollution (Shauch and Sootaka)' on the following plate.
9.24a reading here is contested गोत्रं रिक्थमुत त्यजत्यपि पितुर्दत्तस्तु गोप्तुर्भजेत्पिण्डोऽस्मात्तदपैति यत्तदनुगस्वाहा तथा च स्वधा । द्व्यामुष्यायणता न चेदथ सुता पुत्रार्थिना दीयते तत्पुत्रोऽपि निजौरसेन सदृशो नित्यात्र सा पुत्रता ॥२४॥
gotraṃ rikthamuta tyajatyapi piturdattastu gopturbhajetpiṇḍo'smāttadapaiti yattadanugasvāhā tathā ca svadhā | dvyāmuṣyāyaṇatā na cedatha sutā putrārthinā dīyate tatputro'pi nijaurasena sadṛśo nityātra sā putratā ||24||
The given son gives up his father's gotra and inheritance, and takes those of the adopter. From him the piṇḍa departs, and so does what goes with it — svāhā and likewise svadhā. If there is no double parentage ⟨our mula now reads dvyāmuṣyāyaṇatā, the status of a son who belongs to two fathers⟩, then a daughter is given by one who desires a son; and her son too ⟨our mula now reads tat-putro'pi, which the metre needs; the open doubt on this verse records what the plate shows there⟩ is equal to one's own begotten son — his sonship here is perpetual.
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गोत्र रिक्थम्"; alternatives "गोत्ररिक्थम्" — a word space stands between गोत्र and रिक्थम् in the setting; the compound is presumably one word.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पितुर्हैतांस्तु"; alternatives "पितुर्ह्येतांस्तु", "पितुर्हि एतांस्तु" — the vowel on ह is ै as set; हि + एतान् would be the expected sandhi. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पितुर्दत्तस्तु गोप्तुर्भजेत्पिण्डोऽस्मात्तदपैति; this sentence names पितुर्हैतांस्तु, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: the plate pass opened this word by eye (jp2 page_0131, mūla line 1, printed folio 129, at about 3.5x and 4.6x native): पि and तु are clear, a repha rides the third cluster and स्तु closes the word, but र्है + तां could not be told from र्द + त्त at that size. So the plate neither confirms nor refutes our दत्तस्तु, which rests on the machine reads of the two other printings and on the sense: the given son is the subject of the verse.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "—"; alternatives "-" — line-end dash; भजे- resumes as -त्पिण्डो on line 2. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गोप्तुर्भजेत्पिण्डोऽस्मात् whole. The 2026-09-20 pass dropped this line-end dash as a printer's line break at the pāda boundary; the machine reads of both other printings give भजेत्पिण्डो whole.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तदर्पांति"; alternatives "तदर्पणादि", "तदर्पणति" — unsettled at 1.5x; an anusvara sits over र्पा. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पितुर्दत्तस्तु गोप्तुर्भजेत्पिण्डोऽस्मात्तदपैति; this sentence names तदर्पांति, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वाहा तथा च स्वधा" — the two libation-calls; both clear, and both are what the English renders as 'funeral libations'.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्व्याभुप्यायणता"; alternatives "द्व्याप्यायनता", "द्व्याम्नायणता" — REFUSED as unsettled. The English opposite gives 'no desire for double parentage', so a dvi- compound is right, but I cannot resolve the middle aksharas. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads द्व्यामुष्यायणता; this sentence names द्व्याभुप्यायणता, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तः त्रोऽपि"; alternatives "तत्पुत्रोऽपि", "तस्य पुत्रोऽपि" — REFUSED: one or two aksharas between तः and त्रोऽपि are struck so faintly that only stray specks survive; the surrounding text on the same line is fully inked, so this is a failure of impression, not page damage. तत्पुत्रोऽपि is what the English ('the grand son born of that wedlock') implies, and I have NOT written it into the text. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तत्पुत्रोऽपि, written on 2026-09-20 from the machine reads of uk-ps-sastri and uk-bhasin-hindi, not from this leaf. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0131, mūla line 4, printed folio 129, at about 5.8x native level-stretched and 3.0x unstretched) found त, then a solidly inked visarga, then a clean blank 23 px wide, then a free-standing pair of dots with no headline and no consonant body, then त्रोऽपि. The impression failed there, and the letters it carried cannot be recovered from this leaf. What the exemplar set is an open doubt on this verse.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निजौरसेन" — nija-aurasa - 'his own born', matching the English exactly; clean.
9.25a reading here is contested उद्वोढा स्वसहोदरीसहभुवं जायानुजामुद्वहेत् योऽनग्निर्यदि दूरदार उत तत्पित्राब्दिके भ्रातृभिः । श्राद्धं कारयितव्यमग्निमहितं नो भागभाजो यदि सन्धायाग्निमथाहुतीर्विहिततन्नित्यश्चरस्तं त्यजेत् ॥ २५ ॥
udvoḍhā svasahodarīsahabhuvaṃ jāyānujāmudvahet yo'nagniryadi dūradāra uta tatpitrābdike bhrātṛbhiḥ | śrāddhaṃ kārayitavyamagnimahitaṃ no bhāgabhājo yadi sandhāyāgnimathāhutīrvihitatannityaścarastaṃ tyajet || 25 ||
A man already married may marry his wife's younger sister, born of the same womb as she. He who keeps no sacred fire, or whose wife is far away — for him, at his father's annual rite (ābdika), the śrāddha is to be had performed by the brothers; and one who has established the fire is not a sharer, if… Then, having laid the fire and ⟨offered⟩ the oblations (āhutīḥ), he who performs its prescribed daily ⟨rite⟩ should abandon that ⟨fire⟩ (tyajet) ⟨our mūla now reads āhutīr vihita-tan-nityaś caras taṃ tyajet, which the metre supports, and the division into words is ours⟩.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उद्वोढा"; alternatives "उद्धोढा" — the subscript in the second akshara is व or ध; not settled at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सहभुवं"; alternatives "सहभुवां" — anusvara clear; vowel length on भु is not.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "योऽनग्निर्यदि"; alternatives "योऽनग्निर्यदि" — avagraha and the ग्नि stack both clear; the sense (one who keeps no sacred fire) is carried into the next sloka's अग्निमहित.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नों"; alternatives "नो", "न" — an anusvara rides नो. As printed. [2026-09-23: superseded — this sentence names नों, which the mūla no longer reads: the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 changed it, and a later ruling on this verse has changed that text again (see the verse's revisions).]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अग्निमहितं"; alternatives "अग्निमहितं", "अग्नीमहितं" — read अग्निमहितं at 1.5x. [2026-09-23: confirmed on the plate. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0131, line index 30, printed folio 129, at about 3.0x, 4.3x and 6.6x native) found म before हि: a closed rounded bowl joined by a diagonal to the right vertical, where स has an open curl. So the press sets अग्निमहितं. The 2026-09-20 pass had written अग्निसहितैर् from the machine reads of the two other printings; the plate pass of 2026-09-23 reverted it, and अग्निसहितैः stands on the ledger as their reading.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हुर्तीविहित"; alternatives "हुत्वा विहित", "हुर्ती विहित" — REFUSED in part: the aksharas after मथा are crowded and I cannot divide them. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सन्धायाग्निमथाहुतीर्विहिततन्नित्यश्चरस्तं; this sentence names हुर्तीविहित, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: an eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0131, line index 31, printed folio 129, at about 3.0x and 3.4x native) found these akṣaras legible, but could not settle whether the mark over the ती/वि boundary is the ī-mātrā's own top arc or a repha, which in this fount are the same shape at that size. Our mūla's आहुतीर्विहित rests on the metre: the śārdūlavikrīḍita wants position 7 light, आहुर्ती makes it heavy and आहुतीर् makes it light, and with आहुतीर् all nineteen positions agree.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तत्निर्त्यश्वरंतं"; alternatives "तन्नित्यश्वरं तं", "तत्नित्यश्चरं तं" — REFUSED as unsettled: this is the least legible string on any of the eleven plates. Anusvaras are visible over two aksharas; the consonant skeleton is not recoverable at 1.5x and the type appears disturbed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सन्धायाग्निमथाहुतीर्विहिततन्नित्यश्चरस्तं; this sentence names तत्निर्त्यश्वरंतं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: an eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0131, line index 31, printed folio 129, at about 3.0x and 3.4x native) found this span neither disturbed nor illegible: the letters म, था, हु, वि, हि, त, त, श, र and तं all come off the leaf plainly. So 'the least legible string' describes a 1.5x view, not the page. Our mūla's pāda 4 is confirmed by the metre; see the dated sentence on the note before this one.]
9.26a reading here is contested पाणौ होमविधिर्न साम्प्रतमयं साहस्यको बह्वृचां स्यालो वा यदि भावुको यदुभयोः स्यातां च जाये उभौ । एकोद्भूतसहोदरीसहभुवौ पुत्री च पुत्रस्तदा न स्यातामिति षष्ठको भृगुमतं ख्यातेष्वयं सिद्ध्यति ॥२६॥
pāṇau homavidhirna sāmpratamayaṃ sāhasyako bahvṛcāṃ syālo vā yadi bhāvuko yadubhayoḥ syātāṃ ca jāye ubhau | ekodbhūtasahodarīsahabhuvau putrī ca putrastadā na syātāmiti ṣaṣṭhako bhṛgumataṃ khyāteṣvayaṃ siddhyati ||26||
The rule of offering into the hand is not now proper; it is a rash act ⟨sāhasyaka is unsettled at 1.5x; sāhasika, which the published English's 'inconsiderate act' would suit, is one alternative⟩ for the Bahvṛcas, the followers of the Ṛgveda. A wife's brother, or a sister's husband ⟨our mula now reads bhāvuko, 'sister's husband', the word that pairs with syāla⟩ — if the wives of both are alive, and if the two are a full brother and full sister born of one mother, and a daughter and a son: then these two shall not do it. So the sixth. This is Bhṛgu's opinion, and it holds good among those of repute.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "साहस्यको"; alternatives "साहस्रको", "साहसिको" — unsettled at 1.5x; 'inconsiderate act' in the English opposite would suit sāhasika.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बह्वृचां" — bahvrca - the Rig-vedins; matches 'the followers of the Rig-Veda school' opposite. Clean, including the ृ.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "माबुको"; alternatives "भावुको", "मावुको" — the English opposite pairs 'Brother of the wife' (syala, legible here) with 'husband of sister', which would want a bhav- word; the first akshara reads म and the second carries the closed ब counter. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads भावुको for माबुको, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "जाये"; alternatives "जाये" — dual 'the two wives' - matches '(provided their wives are alive)'.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुत्री."; alternatives "पुत्री" — a low point stands after पुत्री, inside the verse line. Not a danda (too small, wrong height); recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads पुत्री for पुत्री., corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "षष्ठको" — 'the sixth' - matches 'when these six perform' opposite.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भृगुमतं" — 'Bhrigu's opinion' - matches 'says Bhrigu, the sage'. Clean.
9.27a reading here is contested भिक्षुर्योगपरश्च तत्त्वपथगस्त्वेते ह्यलभ्या भुवि श्राद्धे तान्विदधीत लुप्तवितथस्फूर्त्यैकपूर्तिप्रदान् । शूद्रेणार्पितमप्यनाद्यमवनीदेवस्य भक्तं तथा तस्यान्नं च निमंत्रितं द्विजनुपा श्राद्धे विभक्तिर्विना ॥२७॥
bhikṣuryogaparaśca tattvapathagastvete hyalabhyā bhuvi śrāddhe tānvidadhīta luptavitathasphūrtyaikapūrtipradān | śūdreṇārpitamapyanādyamavanīdevasya bhaktaṃ tathā tasyānnaṃ ca nimaṃtritaṃ dvijanupā śrāddhe vibhaktirvinā ||27||
A mendicant, one devoted to yoga, and one who walks the path of truth — these three are indeed not to be had on earth. At a śrāddha one should appoint them ⟨lupta-vitatha-sphūrtyaika-pūrti-pradān: a long compound set solid; the reader could follow the akṣaras but the word division is not marked and he did not impose one⟩. What a śūdra has offered is not to be eaten by an earth-god, that is, by a Brahmin; and so too his food, when one has been invited ⟨dvija-nupā: the vowel under na is not settled between u and ṛ⟩ — at a śrāddha, without the proper apportionment.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भिक्षुर्योगपरश्च तत्त्वपथगः" — mendicant / yoga-devoted / walker of the path of truth - the three the English opposite calls 'a religious mendicant, a yogin or a philosopher'. All three legible; the cleanest correspondence on any of the eleven plates.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लुप्तवितथस्फूर्त्यैकपूर्तिप्रदान्" — long compound set solid; I can follow the aksharas but the word division is not marked and I do not impose one.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अवनीदेवस्य" — 'earth-god' = Brahmin; matches 'A Brahmin should not accept the food offered to him at a Sraddha by a Sudra'.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अनाद्यम्"; alternatives "अनाह्यम्" — read अनाद्यम् (not to be eaten) at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्विजनुपा"; alternatives "द्विजनृपा", "द्विजनुतां" — the vowel under न is ु or ृ; not settled at 1.5x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निमंत्रितं"; alternatives "निमन्त्रितं" — anusvara, not the न् conjunct - this edition's habit.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विभक्तिर्विना"; alternatives "विभक्तिं विना" — printed with the visarga-sandhi form; the sense the English gives is 'against the principle of distribution'.
9.28a reading here is contested यद्गेहस्य फलं तदेव धरणीदेवस्य भूस्पर्शने सस्त्रीबालसुतस्य तत्फलमभूद्द्रव्यं न शेषादिना । भूदेवोऽन्यकुलीनकर्मकरणे भ्रश्यत्यमुष्मात्सुखाच्छूद्रो न द्विजकर्मणोऽर्जितफलो नान्यत्र पाराशरात् ॥२८॥
yadgehasya phalaṃ tadeva dharaṇīdevasya bhūsparśane sastrībālasutasya tatphalamabhūddravyaṃ na śeṣādinā | bhūdevo'nyakulīnakarmakaraṇe bhraśyatyamuṣmātsukhācchūdro na dvijakarmaṇo'rjitaphalo nānyatra pārāśarāt ||28||
The fruit that comes of a house is the very fruit that comes to an earth-god from touching the ground; and for one who has wife, child and son that fruit became wealth, and not by what was left over. An earth-god who does the work of another's family falls from that happiness; a śūdra earns no fruit from the rites of the twice-born — and this from none but Pārāśara.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्गे"; alternatives "द्दे" — stacked conjunct under ya read at 6x and 9x; upper element is the hooked half-da, lower element read as ga. Scansion is identical for either, so meter cannot decide; sense (geha = house, matching the paragraph's 'donating a house') decides.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्द्र"; alternatives "द्र" — triple stack after bhu; at 4.2x two subscript elements are visible below the headline. Meter requires a heavy syllable here and confirms the double consonant (abhud + dravyam).
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "व्यं"; alternatives "ण्यं" — no repha above the glyph, which rules out -rnyam; counter shape read as va + ya + anusvara at 4.2x
9.29a reading here is contested मन्दांगारकशुक्रवासरदिने नाब्धौ सुतार्थी जनः स्नायाद्राहुविलोकनाच्चत रत्नाविद्धे च पर्वण्यपि । अभ्यंगाःश्यवगाहमैथुनमृतिक्षौरेष्वथावारणे ग्राह्या सर्वमतैर्बुधैरपि तिथिर्विद्धाऽपि तात्कालिकी ॥ २९ ॥
mandāṃgārakaśukravāsaradine nābdhau sutārthī janaḥ snāyādrāhuvilokanāccata ratnāviddhe ca parvaṇyapi | abhyaṃgāḥśyavagāhamaithunamṛtikṣaureṣvathāvāraṇe grāhyā sarvamatairbudhairapi tithirviddhā'pi tātkālikī || 29 ||
On the weekdays of Saturn, Mars and Venus a man desiring a son should not bathe in the sea; nor from the sighting of Rāhu ⟨our mula now leaves out an inline parenthesis that stood here, a non-word that was not part of the verse⟩; nor on a parvan pierced by a jewel. In anointing, ⟨āḥśya, recorded as printed and a non-word: two small round dots stand in visarga position, then a conjunct read as śya. The reader ruled out an avagraha by direct comparison at 5.5x against the two certain avagrahas on this plate.⟩, bathing, sexual union, death and tonsure, and in warding off — the tithi current at that moment is to be taken by the wise of every school, even if it is pierced.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मन्दांगारक"; alternatives "मन्दाङ्गारक" — printed with anusvara, not the subscript velar nasal; checked at 2.4x — the mark above the headline is a single round dot
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(त्घुरमुवो)"; alternatives "(त्थुरमुवो)", "(ट्ठुरमुवो)", "(च्छुरमुवो)" — REFUSED as a settled reading. A parenthesis is set INSIDE the verse line. At 4x, 5x and 8x plus a thresholded pass the content resolves to five glyph slots: [stacked conjunct + u-matra] ra [mu] [vo]. The first slot would not resolve at any magnification. The content is a non-word in every reading I could form; it is almost certainly an editorial variant-reading note printed inline, not part of the verse. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्नायाद्राहुविलोकनाच्चत; this sentence names त्घुरमुवो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रत्नाविद्धे"; alternatives "रत्नविद्धे" — the line does not scan as Sardulavikridita whether or not the parenthesis is counted — position 11 comes out heavy where the metre needs light. This is the only one of the eight verse lines on the plate that fails the metrical check, which corroborates that the passage is corrupt exactly where the parenthesis sits.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ाःश्य"; alternatives "ाऽश्य", "ाब्ध्य", "ाऽध्य" — NON-WORD RECORDED AS PRINTED. Between -ga- and -vagaha- the ink shows two small round dots stacked at mid-height (visarga position), then a conjunct whose lower-left loop and attached ya read as shya. I ruled out avagraha by direct comparison at 5.5x against the two certain avagrahas on this plate (line 4 bhudevo'nya, line 5 karmano'rjita): both print as an S-curve, never as dots. Metre requires a LIGHT syllable in this slot and every alternative listed satisfies it, so meter cannot adjudicate.
9.30a reading here is contested सूर्योत्थान घटीतिथिर्वितरणस्नानादितो गृह्यते भिक्षोर्भक्षणमन्तिमेऽपि दिवसस्याप्यष्टमेऽंशे विधिः । नो रात्रौ विधवाऽपि तादृशविधिर्ग्राह्या निशीथाशने यास्ता पर्वसु नाप्यपो यदि फलान्यश्नीत नान्नं निशि ॥३०॥
sūryotthāna ghaṭītithirvitaraṇasnānādito gṛhyate bhikṣorbhakṣaṇamantime'pi divasasyāpyaṣṭame'ṃśe vidhiḥ | no rātrau vidhavā'pi tādṛśavidhirgrāhyā niśīthāśane yāstā parvasu nāpyapo yadi phalānyaśnīta nānnaṃ niśi ||30||
The tithi of the ghaṭikā at sunrise is the one taken for giving, bathing and the rest. A mendicant's meal is enjoined in the last part of the day, or even in its eighth part. Not at night; and for a widow too such a rule is to be followed at the midnight meal ⟨our mula now reads niśītha, 'midnight'⟩. On those days that are parvans, not even water; and if she eats at all, let her eat fruits by night, and not cooked food.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सूर्योत्थान"; alternatives "सूर्योद्धान" — the stacked conjunct is ta+tha, not da+dha: at 3.6x the lower element shows the round bowl with an internal counter that ta-tha takes in this face. Metre needs G G G L here and suryotthana (sunrise) gives it; the plate-134 English for this verse says the tithi is the one prevailing at sun-rise, which is the same word.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तिथिर्वि"; alternatives "तिथिवि" — repha confirmed at 3.6x sitting above the vi. Metre independently requires a closed syllable in this slot, so ink and scansion agree.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "र्भ"; alternatives "र्म" — glyph under the repha compared at 3.3x with the certain bha that opens the same word (bhikshoh); left-side structure matches bha rather than ma
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अष्टमेंऽशे"; alternatives "अष्टमेऽंशे" — anusvara is printed on the e-matra of -me, before the avagraha, rather than on the following amsha; recorded in printed order
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विधवा"; alternatives "विद्धा" — CORRECTED against my own first reading. Metre decides: position 4 of a Sardulavikridita pada must be LIGHT, which vidha- gives and vid-dha- does not. The plate-134 English for this verse independently says the rule applies to a widow (vidhava).
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विशीथाशने"; alternatives "निशीथाशने" — initial glyph shows the va bowl, unlike the certain na that closes the same word; nishitha (midnight) is the expected word and both scan identically, so metre cannot adjudicate. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads निशीथाशने for विशीथाशने, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
9.31a reading here is contested दत्तो नित्य उताप्यनित्यं उदितो व्यामुष्यभावो नयेत्पिण्डं द्वावधिकृत्य कृत्यविधिषु स्यादेव पुत्रीसुतः । वासिष्ठोक्तिरुभौ न सांप्रतमुभावित्याह कात्यायनो नप्तुस्तुल्यमसौ प्रभूजनयितुः कार्येति कार्ष्णाजनिः ॥३१॥
datto nitya utāpyanityaṃ udito vyāmuṣyabhāvo nayetpiṇḍaṃ dvāvadhikṛtya kṛtyavidhiṣu syādeva putrīsutaḥ | vāsiṣṭhoktirubhau na sāṃpratamubhāvityāha kātyāyano naptustulyamasau prabhūjanayituḥ kāryeti kārṣṇājaniḥ ||31||
A given son is called permanent, or else impermanent; and one of double parentage (vyāmuṣya) ⟨the technical term for such a son is dvyāmuṣyāyaṇa, so an initial dva- would be expected; none is printed, and the glyph reads bha, not ma⟩ carries the piṇḍa with reference to two men, in the rules of the rites; and so it is with the daughter's son. Vasiṣṭha's word is that both [do not stand]; 'not at present — both', says Kātyāyana; and 'it is to be done for a grandson equally with the begetter', says Kārṣṇājani ⟨our mula now reads kārṣṇājaniḥ, the authority otherwise named Kārṣṇājini, cited beside Kātyāyana⟩.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "व्यामुष्यभावो"; alternatives "व्यामुष्यमावो", "द्व्यामुष्यभावो" — the glyph after -mushya- shows bha's left vertical crossed by an internal bar rather than ma's closed lower-left loop, read at 4.2x. The technical term for the double-parentage son is dvyamushyayana, so an initial dva- would be expected; none is printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नित्यं उदितो"; alternatives "नित्यमुदितो" — printed as anusvara + a separate initial u; the metre reads it as -yam u- and only that reading gives a light syllable in slot 9, which the pada needs
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कृत्यविविधिषु"; alternatives "कृत्यविधिषु" — RECORDED AS PRINTED AND FLAGGED. At 3x and 4.2x the ink appears to carry three i-hooks (vi-vi-dhi), but that reading gives the pada TWENTY syllables in a NINETEEN-syllable metre; krityavidhishu gives exactly 19 and every other slot then agrees. Either the plate carries a compositor's doubled vi, or the dha's left loop is reading as a second va. Not settled at any magnification I could reach. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads कृत्यविधिषु for कृत्यविविधिषु, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उभाबि"; alternatives "उभावि" — BA/VA COUNTER TEST APPLIED at 4.2x — the glyph's counter is crossed by a horizontal bar, which is ba; va prints with an uncrossed bowl in this face. Expected form is ubhav iti (ubhau + iti), so the printed ba looks like a compositor's error. Recorded as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रभू"; alternatives "प्रमू", "प्रसू" — second glyph read at 4.2x as bha (left vertical + internal bar) rather than ma (closed loop); all three alternatives scan identically so metre cannot adjudicate
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "काण्णांजनिः"; alternatives "काण्वांजनिः" — the conjunct after ka shows two nna-like elements with an anusvara above; I could not settle whether the second element is nna or va at 4.2x. This is a proper name (an authority cited alongside Katyayana in pada 3) and I will not guess it. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कार्ष्णाजनिः; this sentence names काण्णांजनिः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.32a reading here is contested एवं प्राह महांश्च वृद्धहरितो हेमाद्रिरप्याह तद्ताद्या जनकस्य तत्तनयिनी यो दातृपित्रा समम् । नप्तुस्तस्य सपिण्डनं च कलयेद्वित्ते द्वयोस्तद्वयोर्गोत्रं श्राद्धविधौ तु गोत्रमुभयोर्ग्राह्यं विवाहे सुतापुत्रस्यैतदनिष्टमात्मजननी मातामहीसंमिता ॥३२॥
evaṃ prāha mahāṃśca vṛddhaharito hemādrirapyāha tadtādyā janakasya tattanayinī yo dātṛpitrā samam | naptustasya sapiṇḍanaṃ ca kalayedvitte dvayostadvayorgotraṃ śrāddhavidhau tu gotramubhayorgrāhyaṃ vivāhe sutāputrasyaitadaniṣṭamātmajananī mātāmahīsaṃmitā ||32||
So says the great Vṛddha-Harīta, and Hemādri says the same. ⟨The stanza's second word was refused: the opening stacked conjunct would not resolve at 4x — the reader could see a headline, a hooked descender and an ā-mātrā, but not which consonant sits on top, and our mula now joins it to the ta that ended the previous line, as tadtādyā; the word is still not construed.⟩ … of the begetter; his daughter, together with the giver's father. And one should reckon the sapiṇḍana of that man's grandson. In the matter of property it is the gotra of those two; but in the rite of śrāddha the gotra of BOTH is to be taken; and in marriage, for a daughter's son this is not desired: his own mother ranks as a maternal grandmother.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्राह"; alternatives "शाह" — conjunct pra read at 1.9x; both alternatives are heavy so metre cannot adjudicate, but praha (=says) is what the sentence needs and the English on this plate says Harita and Hemadri 'say'
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्ताद्या"; alternatives "इत्ताद्या", "त्ताद्या", "ह्ताद्या" — REFUSED. The opening stacked conjunct would not resolve at 4x: I can see a headline, a hooked descender and an a-matra, but not which consonant sits on top. It also has to join the bare ta left hanging by the hyphen at the end of the previous line, and I cannot form a Sanskrit word from any combination I can see. The rest of the line is secure and the pada scans at 19 if this cluster is read as two syllables.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुभयोर्ग्राह्यं"; alternatives "मयोग्राह्यं" — read at 4x: bha rather than ma in the second slot, and a repha above the gra. Scansion is the check — ubhayor-grahyam gives exactly 19 syllables with every position agreeing, and it is also the sense the passage needs (the gotra of BOTH is to be taken).
9.33a reading here is contested नान्दीकर्मणि निर्वृते भवति चेदुल्काग्निवृष्ट्यादिकं चाशौचं विदधीत नोपनयनं मातू रजोदर्शने । ऊर्ध्वं चेद्वटुभोजनान्न हि परित्याज्यं न कन्योद्वहे दद्यादेव पिता वटोर्न यदि सा माता न दोषो गुरोः ॥३३॥
nāndīkarmaṇi nirvṛte bhavati cedulkāgnivṛṣṭyādikaṃ cāśaucaṃ vidadhīta nopanayanaṃ mātū rajodarśane | ūrdhvaṃ cedvaṭubhojanānna hi parityājyaṃ na kanyodvahe dadyādeva pitā vaṭorna yadi sā mātā na doṣo guroḥ ||33||
If, after the nāndī rite has been completed, there occurs a meteor, a fire, a downpour or the like, and impurity, one should not perform the upanayana; nor at the appearance of the mother's menses. But if it is after the boy (vaṭu) has eaten, it is not to be abandoned, and neither is the giving of the girl in marriage: the father should certainly give her to the boy. If she is not the mother, there is no fault on the teacher.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निर्वृते"; alternatives "निर्वृत्ते" — checked at 4x: a single ta after the vri, no doubled ta. Metre agrees — slot 7 must be LIGHT, which nirvrite gives and nirvritte does not. Standard Sanskrit for this locative absolute is nirvritte, so the plate departs from the grammar in the metre's favour.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मातू"; alternatives "मातुर्", "मातृ" — printed with a long-u matra and NO visarga or repha. Metre requires a heavy syllable here, which the long u supplies and a short ri would not, so the printed form is metrically right even though matur would be the expected genitive.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेद्वटु"; alternatives "चेद्धटु", "चेद्बटु" — lower element of the stack read at 4x; I prefer va because pada 4 of this same verse prints the same word plainly as वटोर्, and the English on this plate calls him the Brahmachari (vatu). Not settled on the ink alone.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "न कन्योद्वहे" — UNEXPLAINED MARKS. Two short horizontal strokes are printed between na and kanyodvahe — one at headline height, one below the baseline — with no letter attached to either. They are not a matra, not a danda and not a hyphen in this face's usage. They may be broken rule or spacing quads that took ink. Recorded here rather than in the text because I cannot say what character, if any, they represent.
9.34a reading here is contested मात्रा साकमिहैव भोजनमथो मौहूर्तिकात्कर्मणो वध्वा चैव वरस्य चौलविधिना कार्याः शिखास्त्वान्वयात् । गृह्याग्नेरुपनायनाग्निरधमो लौक्याग्निरन्यानले संसृज्येत तदाहवीत विबुधैः पात्रत्र नाज्ञातिभिः ॥३४॥
mātrā sākamihaiva bhojanamatho mauhūrtikātkarmaṇo vadhvā caiva varasya caulavidhinā kāryāḥ śikhāstvānvayāt | gṛhyāgnerupanāyanāgniradhamo laukyāgniranyānale saṃsṛjyeta tadāhavīta vibudhaiḥ pātratra nājñātibhiḥ ||34||
Eating in this very place along with the mother; then, after the rite held at the muhūrta ⟨an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found the vowel sign o here, not a bracket, and our mūla now reads karmaṇo⟩. For both the bride and the bridegroom the tuft (śikhā) is to be made by the cūḍā rite, according to lineage. The fire of the gṛhya is the higher, the fire of the upanayana the lower, and the worldly fire [lower still]; when one fire is mingled with another, then ⟨tadāhavīta: the form as printed is not a Sanskrit finite verb the reader could parse, though it scans⟩ by the wise — ⟨pātratra: refused as a settled reading; the cluster after pa would not resolve at 1.5x. It scans, but the reader could not defend it as a word and asks for a second witness.⟩ and not by kinsmen.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "("; alternatives "।" — the line ends in a mark I read as an opening parenthesis rather than a danda; at 1.5x it is a single curved stroke with no companion. If it is a bracket, nothing closes it on this plate. [2026-09-23: re-read on jp2 page_0135 (store line 24) at about 2.2x and 3.6x native. The mark is the detached limb of the vowel sign ो, with the e-curl set over the ण; it matches the ो-limb of थो on the same line in gap, width and length, and it stops 27 px above the baseline, as a daṇḍa does not. The press sets कर्मणो, and no bracket stands on the plate. The Sastri 2010 and Bhasin 2019 renders, read by eye at about 3.0x, set कर्मणो with a joined ो. Our mūla reads कर्मणो.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अधमो"; alternatives "अघमो" — dha vs gha in the third-from-last cluster; adhamo (inferior) is what the English on this plate says of the Upanayana fire, and both scan alike, so the sense decides where the ink does not
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पात्रत्र"; alternatives "पाह्यत्र", "पात्रे त्र" — REFUSED as a settled reading. The cluster after pa would not resolve at 1.5x; patratra scans correctly (G G L) but I cannot defend it as a word. Needs a second witness.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नाज्ञातिभिः"; alternatives "नाज्ञातिमिः" — CORRECTED against my own first reading. At 1.5x the cluster read as ma; the same word occurs on plate 136 line 7 where 4x shows bha unmistakably (left vertical crossed by an internal bar, no closed lower-left loop). Reading carried back here. najnatibhih = 'not by kinsmen'.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तदाहवीत"; alternatives "तदाह्वयेत्", "तदाहरेत्" — read at 1.5x only; the form as printed is not a Sanskrit finite verb I can parse, but it scans
9.35a reading here is contested स्मार्तो यद्यनुगच्छतेऽग्निरथ शंनोदेवृचा चोऽस्य तद्भस्माथो जुहुयात्स पाहिविधिना यत्राप्यनाज्ञातिभिः । गृह्याग्न्योश्च विमेलनं यदि पुरश्चौपासनारम्भकस्थालीपाकमथ प्रधानकलनात्कृत्वा प्रवेश्याहुतीः ॥३५॥
smārto yadyanugacchate'gniratha śaṃnodevṛcā co'sya tadbhasmātho juhuyātsa pāhividhinā yatrāpyanājñātibhiḥ | gṛhyāgnyośca vimelanaṃ yadi puraścaupāsanārambhakasthālīpākamatha pradhānakalanātkṛtvā praveśyāhutīḥ ||35||
If the smārta fire follows, then with the ṛc 'śaṃ no devī' ⟨the published English names the mantra 'Sanno Devi', i.e. śaṃ no devī + ṛcā; the plate prints devṛcā with no ya, and the metre requires the light syllable that the printed form gives⟩, and its ashes; then let him offer with the 'pāhi' formula, wherever it may be, and not by kinsmen. And if there is a mingling of the two house-fires, then first the beginning of the aupāsana and the sthālīpāka; then, after the reckoning of the principal rite, having performed it, the oblations are to be brought in.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "शंनोदेवृचा"; alternatives "शंनोदेव्यृचा" — the English on this plate names the mantra 'Sanno Devi', i.e. sham no devi + rica; the plate prints devrica with no ya. Metre needs a LIGHT syllable in slot 15, which vri gives and vyri would not, so the printed form is the metrical one.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नाज्ञातिभिः"; alternatives "नाज्ञातिमिः" — BHA CONFIRMED at 4x — left vertical crossed by an internal bar, not ma's closed loop. Same word and same reading as plate 135 line 32; my low-magnification reading of ma there was wrong and has been corrected.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विमेलनं"; alternatives "विमेलनं (=vimelanam)", "संमेलनं" — first cluster read as vi; melana (mixing) is what the English says of the two fires. Scans either way.
9.36a reading here is contested पश्चाच्चेत्स विभज्य पाकविधिना पूर्णाहुतीर्न स्रुवेणाज्यं वा जुहुयात्तदा विविचयेत्स्वर्धीयते पुंमतैः । नाशे तत्समिधोरधस्तमनिशेन्नाग्निर्हुवेदाहुतीः सोमस्याऽपि तदीयमाहुतिगणं कुर्यान्न वा संस्मरेत् ॥३६॥
paścāccetsa vibhajya pākavidhinā pūrṇāhutīrna sruveṇājyaṃ vā juhuyāttadā vivicayetsvardhīyate puṃmataiḥ | nāśe tatsamidhoradhastamaniśennāgnirhuvedāhutīḥ somasyā'pi tadīyamāhutigaṇaṃ kuryānna vā saṃsmaret ||36||
If afterwards, having divided it by the rule of cooking, he should offer the pūrṇāhutis, or ghee, with the ladle — then let him separate them; so it is held by the opinions of men ⟨puṃmataiḥ as printed is not a word the reader could parse; the published English says 'the wise say', which would suggest budhaiḥ or mataiḥ. Not settled. Our mula now drops the extra cet that made this quarter twenty syllables.⟩. On the loss of the two kindling-sticks ⟨our mula now reads adhastam, 'below'; the next word, aniśen, is still uncertain⟩ the fire should not offer the oblations. And of Soma too he should make the same set of oblations, or else he should not; or he should call it to mind.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विभज्य"; alternatives "विमज्य" — bha, on the counter test now calibrated at 4x on this plate; vibhajya (having divided) is also what the English says — 'separate it into two parts'
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पूर्णाहुतीर्न"; alternatives "पूर्णाहुतीर्नं" — two hook marks sit above this stretch; I read both as rephas (pūr-, -tīr-) rather than one repha plus an anusvara. Metre needs slot 17 heavy, which -tīr na gives by position either way.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विविचयेच्चेत्स्वर्"; alternatives "विविचयेत्स्वर्" — METRICAL DEFECT AS PRINTED. Read literally the pada carries TWENTY syllables where the metre allows nineteen, and slot 15 comes out heavy where it must be light. Dropping the -ccet- cluster gives exactly 19 with every position agreeing. Either the plate doubles a syllable or I am reading one cluster as two. Recorded as printed and flagged. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads विविचयेत्स्वर्धीयते for विविचयेच्चेत्स्वर्धीयते, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुंमतैः"; alternatives "पुंभतैः", "पुंसतैः" — as printed this is not a word I can parse; the English says 'the wise say', which would suggest budhaih or mataih. Not settled.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अघस्तमनिशेन्"; alternatives "अधस्तमनिधेन्" — gha/dha and sha/dha both unsettled at 2x in this stretch. The metre is satisfied by either pairing (L G L L L G at slots 7-12), so scansion cannot adjudicate. The English speaks of the spoon being 'kept down', which would favour adhah-, but I will not let the translation write the Sanskrit.
9.37a reading here is contested उद्वाहो यदि वत्सरे तु विषमे भद्रः समे नो शुभः पूर्वोढामृतवत्सराद्यदि सुता चोद्वाहपूर्वं रजः । उत्सृज्यात्पितरौ च सोदरजनाः सर्वे महापापिनो नर्वीयादथ पूर्वमेव सुदतीं गच्छेत्पतिः पातकी ॥३७॥
udvāho yadi vatsare tu viṣame bhadraḥ same no śubhaḥ pūrvoḍhāmṛtavatsarādyadi sutā codvāhapūrvaṃ rajaḥ | utsṛjyātpitarau ca sodarajanāḥ sarve mahāpāpino narvīyādatha pūrvameva sudatīṃ gacchetpatiḥ pātakī ||37||
Marriage in an odd year is auspicious; in an even year it is not good. If a girl married before reaches the year of her menses, or if the menses come before the marriage, then the parents and all the full brothers who cast her out are great sinners ⟨our mula now reads utsṛjyāt, and this quarter has its nineteen syllables⟩; and thereafter the husband who first goes to a fair-toothed woman is a sinner.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उत्सृज्याति"; alternatives "उत्सृज्या", "उत्सृज्य" — METRICAL EXCESS AS PRINTED. Read literally the pada carries TWENTY syllables against the metre's nineteen; deleting the -ti- gives 19 with every position agreeing. Recorded as printed and flagged — this is the second such excess on this plate (see v.36 pada 2), which is itself worth checking against a second witness. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads उत्सृज्यात्पितरौ for उत्सृज्यातिपितरौ, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.] [2026-09-23: the excess was never on the page. An eye reading of the exemplar (jp2 page_0136, line index 30, printed folio 134, at about 5.05x native, with a threshold sweep on the greyscale master) found exactly one i-mātrā between ज्या and तरौ, calibrated against the i of यदि and द्यदि on the same leaf. So the press sets उत्सृज्यात्पितरौ, as our mūla reads, and the twenty-syllable उत्सृज्याति was a misreading in the 2026-09-05 transcription. The reading could not separate त from प in the letter under the mātrā; पितरौ rests there on the lexicon, since पतरौ is not a word.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नर्वीयादथ"; alternatives "न वीर्यादथ" — the line opens with a repha carrying back to mahapapino at the end of the previous line; the word division is the editor's and I keep it as set
9.38a reading here is contested वर्षादिप्रतिपन्न वेधसहिता ग्राह्या रघूणां पतेः मध्याह्ने नवमीतिथौ भगवतो जन्माभवत्सा तिथिः । साक्षान्मेध्यविधायिनी व्रतवृतां श्रीरामपूजायुजां त्याज्या पूर्वदिनान्त्यवेधसहिता ह्यादित्यभेनोत्तमा ॥३८॥
varṣādipratipanna vedhasahitā grāhyā raghūṇāṃ pateḥ madhyāhne navamītithau bhagavato janmābhavatsā tithiḥ | sākṣānmedhyavidhāyinī vratavṛtāṃ śrīrāmapūjāyujāṃ tyājyā pūrvadināntyavedhasahitā hyādityabhenottamā ||38||
The first [tithi] of the year, taken together with the vedha, is to be adopted for the Lord of the Raghus. At midday on the ninth tithi the Lord's birth took place: that is the tithi. It is directly the maker of purity for those who hold vows and are joined to the worship of Śrī Rāma. It is to be avoided when joined to the vedha of the end of the previous day; and it is best with the Sun's asterism ⟨ādityabha — the nakṣatra of Aditi, that is Punarvasu, which the published English names for this rule⟩.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ह्यादित्यभे"; alternatives "ह्यादित्यमे" — bha on the 4x-calibrated counter test; adityabha = the Sun's/Aditi's asterism, which is Punarvasu — the nakshatra the English on this plate names for this rule
9.39a reading here is contested त्रेतादिर्भृगुरामजन्मदिवसो वैशाखमासे शुभः तार्तीया च तिथिर्न पूर्वनिहता मध्याह्नगा गृह्यताम् । श्राद्धादौ च परैव सा नरहरेरिष्टा जयन्ती शुभा सायं व्यापिनिनी व्रतप्रियतमा नानाङ्गयुक्ता शुभा ।३९॥
tretādirbhṛgurāmajanmadivaso vaiśākhamāse śubhaḥ tārtīyā ca tithirna pūrvanihatā madhyāhnagā gṛhyatām | śrāddhādau ca paraiva sā narahareriṣṭā jayantī śubhā sāyaṃ vyāpininī vratapriyatamā nānāṅgayuktā śubhā |39||
The first day of the Tretā, the birthday of Bhṛgu-Rāma, in the month of Vaiśākha, is auspicious; and the third tithi, not struck by the previous one, reaching midday, is to be taken. At a śrāddha and the like the later one is desired; and the Jayantī of Narahari is auspicious, pervading the evening, dearest to those who hold the vow, and auspicious when joined with its several limbs. ⟨The verse-number is set with a SINGLE daṇḍa opening and a DOUBLE daṇḍa closing, where every other numbered verse on plates 133-137 uses a double daṇḍa on both sides; recorded as printed.⟩
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रेतादिर्भृगु"; alternatives "त्रेतादिभृगु" — a repha sits above the bhri; without it slot 3 comes out LIGHT where the metre requires heavy, and with it every one of the 19 positions agrees. Bhrigurama = Parasurama, whose birth the English on this plate names.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।३९॥"; alternatives "॥३९॥" — ASYMMETRIC DELIMITER, recorded as printed: a SINGLE danda opens the verse number and a DOUBLE danda closes it. Every other numbered verse on plates 133-137 prints a double danda on both sides. Checked at 1.5x; not a broken sort as far as I can tell, but worth a second witness.
9.40a reading here is contested श्रावण्यां कथितं नवस्य हि वटं गार्ह्यैरुपाकर्म तत् संक्रान्तिग्रहणे भृगोश्च धिषणस्यास्ते न कार्यं द्विजैः । पर्वण्येव यजुर्विदः श्रवणभे कुर्युर्व्रतं बह्वृचा हस्तर्क्षेऽपि च सामिनो भगवतो जन्माष्टमी वक्ष्यते ।४०॥
śrāvaṇyāṃ kathitaṃ navasya hi vaṭaṃ gārhyairupākarma tat saṃkrāntigrahaṇe bhṛgośca dhiṣaṇasyāste na kāryaṃ dvijaiḥ | parvaṇyeva yajurvidaḥ śravaṇabhe kuryurvrataṃ bahvṛcā hastarkṣe'pi ca sāmino bhagavato janmāṣṭamī vakṣyate |40||
On the full moon of Śrāvaṇa the upākarma of the new [study] is prescribed by the Gṛhya authorities. At a saṅkrānti or an eclipse, and while Bhṛgu (Venus) and Dhiṣaṇā (Jupiter) are set, it is not to be performed by the twice-born. On the parvan itself the knowers of the Yajus should perform the vow; the Bahvṛcas (Ṛgvedins) on the asterism Śravaṇa, and the followers of the Sāman on Hasta. The Lord's Janmāṣṭamī will be spoken of next. ⟨The verse-number again opens with a single daṇḍa and closes with a double — the same asymmetry as verse 39, so it is a habit of this setting; verse 41 reverts to a double daṇḍa on both sides.⟩
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गार्ह्यैः"; alternatives "गृह्यैः", "गोह्यैः" — read at 3.6x: a repha above the hyai, and an a-matra rather than a vocalic ri under the ga — hence gaarhyaih (domestic/Grihya), which is the word the English on this plate names as the Grihya Sutras. Metre is satisfied at slots 13-14 either way.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भृगंश्च"; alternatives "भृगोश्च" — an anusvara, not an o-matra, on the bhriga as printed; both scan heavy at slot 8 so metre cannot adjudicate. Bhrigu = Venus. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads भृगोश्च; this sentence names भृगंश्च, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धिषणस्य"; alternatives "धिपणस्य" — the middle glyph is sha, confirmed at 3.6x. Dhishana = Brihaspati/Jupiter, which is what the English on this plate names alongside Venus.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बह्वचा"; alternatives "बह्वृचाः" — as printed the vocalic ri and the final visarga are both absent; bahvrichah (= Rigvedins) is the word the sense and the English require. Metre is satisfied by the printed form. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads बह्वृचा for बह्वचा, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽप"; alternatives "ऽपि" — the i-matra is absent as printed; api is required by sense and metre is indifferent
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।४०॥"; alternatives "॥४०॥" — single danda opening, double closing — the SAME asymmetry as v.39 on plate 137, so it is a habit of this setting and not a one-off broken sort. v.41 on this plate reverts to a double danda on both sides, so the edition is simply inconsistent.
9.41a reading here is contested श्रावण्यामधमाष्टमी भगवतः कृष्णस्य सा जन्मभू रोहिण्या यदि संयुताऽतिफलदा ज्ञस्यापि वारेण च । यस्यामर्धनिशीथगा यदि तिथिर्ग्राह्योभयत्रैवमित्यन्या यत्र न चेतरैव न तु तत्पूर्वेण विद्धा शुभा ॥४१॥
śrāvaṇyāmadhamāṣṭamī bhagavataḥ kṛṣṇasya sā janmabhū rohiṇyā yadi saṃyutā'tiphaladā jñasyāpi vāreṇa ca | yasyāmardhaniśīthagā yadi tithirgrāhyobhayatraivamityanyā yatra na cetaraiva na tu tatpūrveṇa viddhā śubhā ||41||
In Śrāvaṇa the dark eighth is the birth-ground of the Lord Kṛṣṇa. If it is joined with Rohiṇī it is exceedingly fruitful, and so too with Mercury's weekday. That tithi in which the middle of the night falls is to be taken as such in both cases; another, where it is not so, is otherwise; and one pierced by the preceding [tithi] is not auspicious.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेतरैव"; alternatives "चेत्तरैव", "चेदितरैव" — word division unsettled at 1.5x; the printed string scans correctly as ce-ta-rai-va so I keep it as set
9.42a reading here is contested या यामत्रितयोर्ध्वमप्यथ पुनः प्रातश्चरेत्पारणां मान्ते वा च तिथेरतान्त इति सा श्रीशैवरात्र्या समा । भाद्रे मासि सिते गणेश्वरतिथिः सा स्याच्चतुर्थी शुभा सा स्यात्सङ्गवसङ्गता परयुता श्लाघ्या जयाख्या न तु ॥४२॥
yā yāmatritayordhvamapyatha punaḥ prātaścaretpāraṇāṃ mānte vā ca titheratānta iti sā śrīśaivarātryā samā | bhādre māsi site gaṇeśvaratithiḥ sā syāccaturthī śubhā sā syātsaṅgavasaṅgatā parayutā ślāghyā jayākhyā na tu ||42||
The tithi that runs past three watches, or again the one at daybreak, is when one should break the fast; or at the end of the month, or at the tithi's end ⟨our mula now reads titheratānta, without the sta that made a heavy syllable in a light slot; the sense of atānta is not certain⟩ — that one is equal to the holy Śivarātri. In the bright half of the month Bhādra the tithi of the Lord of the Gaṇas: that fourth would be auspicious. It is praiseworthy when joined with the saṅgava, the forenoon watch, and with the following [tithi], but not the one called Jayā.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुनः" — DAMAGED TYPE. The pu prints as two detached marks with the bowl missing; I read it as pu because the metre requires a LIGHT syllable in slot 11 and punah supplies it, and because the following nah is undamaged. The letter itself is not legible on the plate.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तिथेरस्तान्त"; alternatives "तिथेरतान्त" — METRICAL CONFLICT. As printed, slot 7 comes out HEAVY (the sta cluster closes the preceding syllable) where the metre requires light; dropping the sibilant gives 19 clean positions. The st cluster is plainly inked at 1.6x, so I record the printed form and flag the defect rather than emend. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तिथेरतान्त; this sentence names तिथेरस्तान्त, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "श्रीशैवरात्र्या"; alternatives "श्रीशिवरात्र्या" — ai-matra as printed; the English on plate 139 calls this 'the holy Sivaratri'. Both scan heavy at slot 14.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सङ्क्रवसङ्क्ता"; alternatives "सङ्करवसंयुक्ता", "सङ्क्रमवसंयुक्ता" — REFUSED as a settled reading. Read at 4x the cluster gives sam-kra-va-sam-kta, which is FIVE syllables scanning G L L G G where the metre needs SIX scanning G L L G L G — so the printed pada is one syllable short and wrong in quantity at slot 7. Every emendation I could form is a guess; recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्यात्सङ्गवसङ्गता; this sentence names सङ्क्रवसङ्क्ता, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.43a reading here is contested मुख्या स्यादृषिपञ्चमी गणयुता नो षष्ठियुक्ता शुभा मध्याह्ने यदि सा चतुर्दशादिनेऽनन्तं तदा पूजयेत् । पूर्णा योगवशेन पूर्णफलदा चन्द्रोदये नारकी तैलाभ्यङ्गविधौ विशेषफलदा सा चाश्वयुक्कृष्णयुक् ॥४३॥
mukhyā syādṛṣipañcamī gaṇayutā no ṣaṣṭhiyuktā śubhā madhyāhne yadi sā caturdaśādine'nantaṃ tadā pūjayet | pūrṇā yogavaśena pūrṇaphaladā candrodaye nārakī tailābhyaṅgavidhau viśeṣaphaladā sā cāśvayukkṛṣṇayuk ||43||
The chief is the Ṛṣi-pañcamī joined with the Gaṇa; joined with the sixth it is not auspicious. If it falls at midday on the fourteenth day, then one should worship Ananta. When full, it is fully fruitful by force of the yoga; at moonrise it belongs to hell. In the rite of anointing with oil it is especially fruitful, and it is the one joined with the dark [fortnight] of Āśvayuja (Āśvina). ⟨caturdaśādine: the long ā on -śa- is plainly inked at 4x but makes a heavy syllable where the metre requires light; recorded as printed and flagged.⟩
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चतुर्दशादिने"; alternatives "चतुर्दशदिने" — the long a-matra on -sha- is plainly inked at 4x, but it makes slot 10 HEAVY where the metre requires light; the short-a form gives 19 clean positions. Recorded as printed and flagged.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यृक्"; alternatives "युक्" — a vocalic ri, not a u, under the ya as printed; yuk is the expected form and both scan heavy at the pada end. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चाश्वयुक्कृष्णयुक्; this sentence names यृक्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.44a reading here is contested माघे मासि सिते चतुर्थदिवसे प्रातः फणीन्द्रप्रियः स्नानं तद्रथसप्तमी रविमनोहारिण्यनूराधये । स्नानं कोटिरविग्रहैश्च सदृशं यद्वादरैरोदर्किभिः तस्मिन्यच्छिवरात्रिरीश्वरसयुक्त्वाधप्रदा चेन्निशि ॥४४॥
māghe māsi site caturthadivase prātaḥ phaṇīndrapriyaḥ snānaṃ tadrathasaptamī ravimanohāriṇyanūrādhaye | snānaṃ koṭiravigrahaiśca sadṛśaṃ yadvādarairodarkibhiḥ tasminyacchivarātrirīśvarasayuktvādhapradā cenniśi ||44||
In the month of Māgha, in the bright half, on the fourth day, at dawn, is the one dear to the Lord of Serpents; that bathing is the Ratha-saptamī, which delights the Sun, with Anurādhā. The bathing is equal to a crore of Sun-worships ⟨here the reader REFUSED a stretch as damaged or anomalous setting: at 4.2x, after yadvād, there is a comma-like mark, a glyph reading rai, a second comma-like mark, then ro, then darkibhiḥ. Devanāgarī verse in this edition uses no commas anywhere else on plates 133-143, so these are broken sorts or an editorial interpolation. The five syllables the metre needs cannot be recovered, and he would not guess text that is physically not legible.⟩. On that day, whichever Śivarātri, joined to the Lord ⟨sayuktvādhapradā: the word division is not recoverable; the printed string scans at all its positions and the reader kept it as set rather than divide it on a guess⟩, if at night.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यद्वाद,रै,रोदर्किभिः" — REFUSED — DAMAGED OR ANOMALOUS SETTING. At 4.2x the stretch after yadvaad shows a comma-like mark, then a glyph reading rai, then a second comma-like mark, then ro, then darkibhih. Devanagari verse in this edition uses no commas anywhere else on plates 133-143, so these are either inverted/broken sorts or an editorial interpolation. The five syllables the metre needs here (L G G L G) cannot be recovered from what is on the plate. I will not guess text that is physically not legible.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सयुक्त्वाधप्रदा"; alternatives "संयुक्ता श्राद्धप्रदा" — word division not recoverable; the printed string scans correctly at all its positions, so I keep it as set rather than divide it on a guess
9.45a reading here is contested माघ्ये वाथ चतुर्दशी शिवतिथिः सा मासि मासि प्रिया पूज्यस्तत्र शिवापतिः शिवकरः प्रीत्या प्रदोषेऽनिशम् । सोऽपि स्यात् त्रिमुहूर्तगः सवितरि प्राप्तेऽस्तशैलं ततः सैवोक्ता हि महानिशा निशि भवेन्मध्ये घटीयुग्मकम् ॥४५॥
māghye vātha caturdaśī śivatithiḥ sā māsi māsi priyā pūjyastatra śivāpatiḥ śivakaraḥ prītyā pradoṣe'niśam | so'pi syāt trimuhūrtagaḥ savitari prāpte'staśailaṃ tataḥ saivoktā hi mahāniśā niśi bhavenmadhye ghaṭīyugmakam ||45||
In Māgha, again, the fourteenth is Śiva's tithi; month by month she is dear to him. On it Śiva, the husband of Śivā, the maker of welfare, is to be worshipped with love in the pradoṣa, without ceasing. That pradoṣa lasts three muhūrtas ⟨our mula now reads trimuhūrtagaḥ, without the anusvāra that broke the metre⟩ when the Sun has reached the western mountain. From that, the great night is declared: at midnight it lasts a pair of ghaṭikās ⟨our mula now reads ghaṭīyugmakam, 'a pair of ghaṭikās', and the quarter has nineteen syllables⟩.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रिमुहूर्तंगः"; alternatives "त्रिमुहूर्तगः" — an anusvara is inked on the -ta-, which makes slot 7 HEAVY where the metre requires light; without it the pada scans clean at all 19 positions. Recorded as printed and flagged. The English on this plate glosses the span as three muhurtas = 2 hours 24 minutes. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads त्रिमुहूर्तगः for त्रिमुहूर्तंगः, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "घटीयुगमकम्"; alternatives "घटीयुग्मकम्" — as printed the ga and ma are separate syllables, giving the pada TWENTY syllables against nineteen; reading the conjunct yugma (= a PAIR) gives exactly 19 with every position agreeing, and 'a pair of ghatikas' is what the English on this plate says (a period of 2 Ghatika = 48 minutes). Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads घटीयुग्मकम् for घटीयुगमकम्, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
एकादश्युभयत्र चेन्न परतो यद् द्वादशी तां चरेत् पूर्वा स्याद्यदि तत्परां च यतिराट् कुर्वीत वैधव्यभाक् । युग्मं चापि परत्र नास्ति यदि साप्येकादशीद्वादशी पूर्वैव प्रभवेत्तदा यदि भवेत्सा द्वादशी संमता ॥४६॥
ekādaśyubhayatra cenna parato yad dvādaśī tāṃ caret pūrvā syādyadi tatparāṃ ca yatirāṭ kurvīta vaidhavyabhāk | yugmaṃ cāpi paratra nāsti yadi sāpyekādaśīdvādaśī pūrvaiva prabhavettadā yadi bhavetsā dvādaśī saṃmatā ||46||
If the eleventh runs over both days and not into the following one, then the twelfth that follows should be observed. Should it be the earlier, then the lord of ascetics, and one in widowhood, should observe the one after it. And if the pair does not exist on the following day, then the eleventh-and-twelfth: the earlier one holds; but if it then be the twelfth, that is approved.
9.47a reading here is contested विद्धा चेद्विषवद्विमुच्य परतो नैकादशी यद्यपि द्वादश्यां समुपोष्य कर्तुमुचितं तस्मात्परं पारणाम् । एतद्वैष्णवसंमतं यदि दशम्यावेधहीना परं द्वादश्याः परतोऽपि सा यदितदा सा साधनीया बुधैः॥४७॥
viddhā cedviṣavadvimucya parato naikādaśī yadyapi dvādaśyāṃ samupoṣya kartumucitaṃ tasmātparaṃ pāraṇām | etadvaiṣṇavasaṃmataṃ yadi daśamyāvedhahīnā paraṃ dvādaśyāḥ parato'pi sā yaditadā sā sādhanīyā budhaiḥ||47||
If it is pierced, then, releasing it like poison ⟨our mula now reads viṣavad vimucya, with a single va in each place⟩, and if the eleventh does not follow, then it is proper to fast on the twelfth and to break the fast after it. This is the Vaiṣṇava opinion. And if the twelfth is free of the vedha of the tenth, and if it lies beyond, then it is to be accomplished by the wise.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेद्द्विषवद्द्विमुच्य"; alternatives "चेद्विषवद्विमुच्य" — the plate doubles the va into a dva ligature TWICE in this compound. Both readings scan identically at every one of the 19 positions, so metre cannot adjudicate; vishavat (= like poison) is what the English on this plate says and would need the single-va form. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads चेद्विषवद्विमुच्य for चेद्द्विषवद्द्विमुच्य, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
9.48a reading here is contested ग्रस्ते भानुमति प्रयाति हि तदा प्रत्याब्दिकं तद्दिने चन्द्रे चास्तमुपैति राहुगिलिते तत्राब्दिकं तद्भवेत् । रात्रौ तद्ग्रहणोदितं हि विहितं श्राद्धं ततोऽन्यद्दिवा शास्त्रं संशयितादिकं बहु ततो रूढं न गच्छेत्पुमान् ॥४८॥
graste bhānumati prayāti hi tadā pratyābdikaṃ taddine candre cāstamupaiti rāhugilite tatrābdikaṃ tadbhavet | rātrau tadgrahaṇoditaṃ hi vihitaṃ śrāddhaṃ tato'nyaddivā śāstraṃ saṃśayitādikaṃ bahu tato rūḍhaṃ na gacchetpumān ||48||
When the Sun is seized and then moves on, the annual rite falls on that very day. When the Moon is setting and swallowed by Rāhu, the annual rite falls therein. At night the śrāddha enjoined is the one declared for the eclipse; any other is by day. The śāstra is much given to doubt and the like, and therefore a man should not go by mere established usage.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बहु"; alternatives "वहु" — BA/VA COUNTER TEST APPLIED at 1.5x and the bar is visible: ba. This is one of the few places in this run where the test is decidable below 3x, because the glyph is unusually cleanly inked here.
9.49a reading here is contested वैवाहोत्सवयज्ञकर्मसु तदा नान्दी च दीक्षाविधिर्नाशौचस्य भवेत्तदा नियमिते सीमा द्विजन्मात्मनाम् । श्राद्धे पाकपरिक्रिया यदि भवेन्मंत्रोक्षणं ब्राह्मणस्यासीद्धैषविधिः परं तु वरयेत्सर्वत्र मान्त्रो विधिः ॥४९॥
vaivāhotsavayajñakarmasu tadā nāndī ca dīkṣāvidhirnāśaucasya bhavettadā niyamite sīmā dvijanmātmanām | śrāddhe pākaparikriyā yadi bhavenmaṃtrokṣaṇaṃ brāhmaṇasyāsīddhaiṣavidhiḥ paraṃ tu varayetsarvatra māntro vidhiḥ ||49||
In marriages, festivals and sacrificial rites, the nāndī and the rule of dīkṣā then hold; and there is then no impurity for those twice-born who are within the fixed limit. If at a śrāddha there is a preparing of the cooked food, then the sprinkling of the Brahmin with mantras ⟨mantrokṣaṇaṃ, printed with anusvāra rather than the subscript nasal, as this edition alternates⟩ was the rule for that; but afterwards one should choose — everywhere the rule is the one with mantras.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मंत्रोक्षणं"; alternatives "मन्त्रोक्षणं" — anusvara rather than the subscript nasal as printed; the same word is set with a subscript na elsewhere in this run (e.g. v.44 tasminyat...), so the edition alternates. Scansion identical.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सर्वैत"; alternatives "सर्वैस्त" — word division not recoverable at 1.5x; the printed string scans correctly (G G L) so I keep it as set rather than divide it on a guess [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads वरयेत्सर्वत्र; this sentence names सर्वैत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.50a reading here is contested भानोः संक्रमवर्जितो मल इति त्वाख्याधिमासश्च तं चाहासौ श्रुतिरप्यतो न विहितं पित्र्या च दैवी क्रिया । नित्यंवात्र विवेकिना हि विहिता षष्टिर्दिनानां हि सन्येको मास इहोक्तमासिकविधिर्नैवाब्दिकं दैविकम् ॥५०॥
bhānoḥ saṃkramavarjito mala iti tvākhyādhimāsaśca taṃ cāhāsau śrutirapyato na vihitaṃ pitryā ca daivī kriyā | nityaṃvātra vivekinā hi vihitā ṣaṣṭirdinānāṃ hi sanyeko māsa ihoktamāsikavidhirnaivābdikaṃ daivikam ||50||
A month empty of the Sun's saṅkramaṇa is called 'mala', the intercalary month; and the Śruti too has said so of it. Therefore no rite for the ancestors or for the gods is enjoined in it. But the discerning have prescribed as constant here that sixty days ⟨sixty is written out as a word here, śaṣṭiḥ, not as a bhūta-saṃkhyā; on plate 117 the same number was written viyad-rasa and khaṣaḍ — three ways of saying 60 in this one work⟩ are one month; and the rule stated here is the monthly one, not the annual or the divine.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मानोः"; alternatives "मासोः", "मासः" — p142 L9: the second akshara joins its left member to the stem AT THE BOTTOM, which is this fount's na, not the mid-bar of sa. So the page prints ma-no-h where the sense plainly wants masah (month) - the English opposite reads 'the lunar month'. Recorded as printed; I take this to be a compositor's error and preserve it rather than repair it. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads भानोः for मानोः, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "षष्टिर्दिनानां" — p142 L11: SIXTY IS WRITTEN OUT AS A WORD here (shashtih), not as a bhuta-samkhya - and the English opposite renders it as the FIGURE '60'. On p117 the same number was written viyad-rasa and khashad. Three ways of saying 60 in this one work.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स–" — p142 L11: HYPHEN at line end; sa- runs on into -nyeko. [2026-09-23: The dash is removed and the letters are joined as the press sets them, सन्येको. Read by eye at 4x, the first sort of the next line is a half-न, not a half-त. The joined form is not a regular one, and the doubt on this verse records it.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विधिनैंवाब्दिकं"; alternatives "विधिनैवाब्दिकं" — p142 L12: an anusvara stands over -nai- where the sandhi wants none. As printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads इहोक्तमासिकविधिर्नैवाब्दिकं; this sentence names विधिनैंवाब्दिकं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥५०॥" — p142 L12: tight. Numeral 50 of KANDA II - a different verse from the 50 on plate p119, which is Kanda I verse 50. The two are indistinguishable by number alone.
9.51a reading here is contested प्रागूर्ध्वां दश पूर्वतः षडवनिस्तद्वत्पराः पूर्वतस्त्रिंशत् षोडश पूर्वतोऽथ परतः पूर्वाः पराः स्युर्दश । पूर्वां षोडश चोत्तरा ऋतुभवः पश्चात्खवेदाः पुनः पूर्वां षोडश चोत्तराः पुनरथो पुण्यास्तु मेषादितः ॥५१॥
prāgūrdhvāṃ daśa pūrvataḥ ṣaḍavanistadvatparāḥ pūrvatastriṃśat ṣoḍaśa pūrvato'tha parataḥ pūrvāḥ parāḥ syurdaśa | pūrvāṃ ṣoḍaśa cottarā ṛtubhavaḥ paścātkhavedāḥ punaḥ pūrvāṃ ṣoḍaśa cottarāḥ punaratho puṇyāstu meṣāditaḥ ||51||
Ten before and above; sixteen ⟨written here as the bhūta-saṃkhyā ṣaṭ + avani, 'six' + 'earth' = 16, read right to left; the very next line of this same verse writes 16 as the plain word ṣoḍaśa — one verse, two conventions for the same number⟩ from the east; likewise the later ones. Thirty from the east; sixteen from the east; then from the west, the earlier and the later are ten. Sixteen before, and after ⟨ṛtubhavaḥ: NOT resolved. ṛtu is 6 and bhava can be 11 in bhūta-saṃkhyā, but 116 fits nothing in the published English, so the reader does not read this as a number at all; it may be a sign-name or an ordinary word, and he claims nothing about it.⟩; behind, forty ⟨kha, sky = 0, plus veda, the four Vedas = 4, read right to left = 40, matching 'forty ghaṭikās after the saṅkrānti in Makara' opposite — the second unglossed number-word in this one verse, standing between two spelled-out numbers⟩; again sixteen before, and after; and then they are meritorious, reckoned from Meṣa.
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दश" — p142 L22: TEN written as a plain word.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "षडवनि" — p142 L22: BHUTA-SAMKHYA, UNGLOSSED - shat (six) + avani (earth = one), read right to left = 16, which is what the English opposite reads ('sixteen Ghatikas'). NOTE THE POINT: the very NEXT line of this same verse writes 16 as the plain word shodasha. One verse, two conventions for the same number, and only one of them is a number-word a reader could miss.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तद्द्वःपराः"; alternatives "तद्वत्पराः" — p142 L22: not construed; a visarga-like pair of dots sits inside the cluster. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads षडवनिस्तद्वत्पराः; this sentence names तद्द्वःपराः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पूर्वंत–" — p142 L22: HYPHEN at line end. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पूर्वतस्; this sentence names पूर्वंत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रिंशत् षोडश" — p142 L23: THIRTY and SIXTEEN both written as plain words, one line after 16 was written as the bhuta-samkhya shadavani. The English opposite has 'Thirty Ghatikas' and 'sixteen Ghatikas' for both.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऋतुभवः" — p142 L24: NOT RESOLVED. rtu (season) is 6 in bhuta-samkhya and bhava can be 11, but 116 fits nothing in the English opposite, so I do not read this as a number. It may be a sign-name or an ordinary word; I record it as printed and claim nothing about it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "खवेदाः" — p142 L24: BHUTA-SAMKHYA, UNGLOSSED - kha (sky = 0) + veda (the four Vedas = 4), read right to left = 40, matching 'forty Ghatikas after the Sankranti in Makara' opposite. This is the second unglossed number-word in this one verse, and it sits between two spelled-out numbers.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥५१॥" — p142 L25: tight. Numeral 51, Kanda II, fixed by the 'Sloka-51.' locator below.
9.52a reading here is contested एकैकं विबुधेषु चर्षिषु तथा द्वौ द्वौ कृतावंजली त्रिस्त्रीश्चेत्पितृणां स्त्रिया अपि परं त्वेकैकमेवं विधिः । मात्रादिस्त्रय एव सर्ववनिता सामान्यमेतत्क्रमं श्राद्धे पूर्वमतोऽन्यपाकविधिना तद्वैश्वदेवं परम् ॥ ५२ ॥
ekaikaṃ vibudheṣu carṣiṣu tathā dvau dvau kṛtāvaṃjalī tristrīścetpitṛṇāṃ striyā api paraṃ tvekaikamevaṃ vidhiḥ | mātrādistraya eva sarvavanitā sāmānyametatkramaṃ śrāddhe pūrvamato'nyapākavidhinā tadvaiśvadevaṃ param || 52 ||
One handful each for the gods, and likewise for the ṛṣis; two each with cupped hands; three thrice for the ancestors ⟨our mula now reads pitṛṇām, with the short ṛ the metre needs⟩; and for a woman only one apiece — such is the rule. ⟨Our mula now reads ekaikaṃ, 'one each'.⟩ The mother and the rest are just three; all women in common — this is the order. At a śrāddha, first ⟨our mula now reads pūrvam ataḥ, 'first, and then'⟩, then by the rule of another cooking, that is the vaiśvadeva afterwards.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "एकंकै"; alternatives "एकैकं" — At 30x the anusvara DOT sits over the FIRST क and the two-stroke ai-matra over the SECOND क, so the sorts read एकंकै as set. Sense wants एकैकं; the compositor has transposed the two marks. Recorded as printed, not corrected. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads एकैकं for एकंकै, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पितॄणां"; alternatives "पितृणां" — The subscript vowel under त shows a hook plus a second short stroke at its lower right, which in this fount marks ॄ rather than ृ; at 30x the two are only just separable. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads त्रिस्त्रीश्चेत्पितृणां; this sentence names पितॄणां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[??]"; alternatives "त", "ः" — REFUSED. Between 'पूर्वं' and 'तो' stands a broken sort: at 30x it is two ink blobs, an upper wedge with a dot at its right and a lower comma-like tail, sitting at x=843-883 of the original. It is neither a clean visarga nor a clean consonant. Sense would want ततो-; I will not supply it. Page 143, verse-line 4 of sloka 52. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads पूर्वमतोऽन्यपाकविधिना; this sentence names पूर्वं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.53a reading here is contested भूमौ लोहमहेड्डुकांस्यकलिते पात्रे न तोयांजलीन् कुर्यात्तर्जनिमंगुलिप्रथमया योगे पितृव्याहृति । सर्वाङ्गुल्यपरैश्च मावरसया भक्तं न्यसेद्भूस्पृशेश्चित्रादिश्च न तु स्वयं यदि परेणोद्धृत्य भुञ्ज्यादथ॥५३॥
bhūmau lohamaheḍḍukāṃsyakalite pātre na toyāṃjalīn kuryāttarjanimaṃguliprathamayā yoge pitṛvyāhṛti | sarvāṅgulyaparaiśca māvarasayā bhaktaṃ nyasedbhūspṛśeścitrādiśca na tu svayaṃ yadi pareṇoddhṛtya bhuñjyādatha||53||
On the ground, in a vessel made of iron ⟨lohamaheḍḍuka: the compound element is not a word the reader could identify, which is itself why it is flagged; the lower member of the stacked conjunct suits ḍha rather than ḍa, while the upper is unambiguously ḍa⟩ or bell-metal, one should not make the handfuls of water. Let him do it with the forefinger, first among the fingers, joining to it the pitṛ-vyāhṛti. With all the fingers and the others ⟨māvarasayā: read confidently letter by letter at 2.4x, but it is not a word the reader could construe, and it is recorded as the non-word it appears to be⟩ he should set the food down for those who touch the earth ⟨the reader checked at 9x specifically for e against ai and found ONE stroke above the headline, so śe⟩; and the citrā and the rest — not by himself; but if another takes it up ⟨our mula now reads pareṇa uddhṛtya, 'taken up by another'; the open doubt on this verse records what the eye reader saw at this place⟩, then he may eat.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लोहमहेड्डुकांस्य"; alternatives "लोहमहेड्ढुकांस्य" — The conjunct after हे is a stacked pair with a u-matra. At 12x the lower member shows a loop with a white counter at its lower left, which in this fount belongs to ढ rather than ड; but the upper member is unambiguously ड. Read as ड्डु, with ड्ढु the live alternative. The compound element is not a word I can identify, which is itself why it is flagged.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तर्जनिमंगुलि"; alternatives "तर्जन्यंगुलि" — Printed as three separate aksaras नि + मं + गु; sense would want तर्जन्यङ्गुलि-. Recorded as set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सर्वांङ्गुल्य"; alternatives "सर्वांङ्ग्ल्य", "सर्वाङ्गुल्य" — The nasal over the ā-stroke of वा is a CRESCENT opening downward, not the round dot used for anusvara elsewhere on this plate (compare कां in line 16, a clean disc). Same crescent form recurs at सालं in line 30. Either this fount has two anusvara sorts or these are candrabindu; I could not settle it at 10x. The following conjunct is ङ्ग with a u-matra whose tail is hard to separate from the descender of the line below. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सर्वाङ्गुल्यपरैश्च; this sentence names सर्वांङ्गुल्य, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मावरसया" — Read confidently letter by letter at 2.4x but it is not a word I can construe; recorded as the non-word it appears to be.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "न्यसेद्"; alternatives "स्यसेद्" — The first conjunct has a descending hook at its lower left. न्य and स्य are the candidates; sense (न्यसेत्, 'should place') favours न्य and the English rendering speaks of placing food on the ground. Flagged because the hook alone decided it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भूस्पृशे—"; alternatives "भूस्पृशै—" — Checked at 9x specifically for e vs ai: ONE stroke above the headline of शे, not two. So शे. The em-rule after it is a real hyphen; the word continues as श्चित्रादिश्च on the next line.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पे:णो"; alternatives "पर्णो", "पःणो" — After प stand TWO stacked round dots (a visarga) with a separate curved stroke above the headline to their upper left. A visarga before ण is orthographically impossible, so one of the two marks is either a displaced e-matra or a repha belonging to ण (which would give पर्णो-, 'with a leaf'). Both marks are really there at 8x and both are kept.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्वृत्य"; alternatives "द्धृत्य" — उद्धृत्य would be expected; the second member of the conjunct could be व or ध at this inking. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads परेणोद्धृत्य; this sentence names द्वृत्य, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥५३॥" — Numerals verified at 8x against the ground truth fixed by the English locators on this plate: ५ is a shallow left hook joining a bowl with a descender to the lower right; ३ is two stacked left loops with a descender. Set tight against the preceding अथ with no space.
9.54a reading here is contested सांगुष्ठं सह मध्यतर्जनिसमध्यानामिकं तत्कनिष्ठानामी च कनिष्ठतर्जनियुतं सर्वाङ्गुलीभिर्हुवेत् । प्राणादीन् प्रथमे न सार्धमुत तन्मौनित्वराश्रीत वै कन्यादानविधौ वरोऽपि तरुणी चोपोषितौ चेन्निशि ॥५४॥
sāṃguṣṭhaṃ saha madhyatarjanisamadhyānāmikaṃ tatkaniṣṭhānāmī ca kaniṣṭhatarjaniyutaṃ sarvāṅgulībhirhuvet | prāṇādīn prathame na sārdhamuta tanmaunitvarāśrīta vai kanyādānavidhau varo'pi taruṇī copoṣitau cenniśi ||54||
With the thumb, together with the middle and the forefinger, together with the middle and the ring finger ⟨read across the seam of two crops with 60px of overlap; the element repeats madhya twice, which is odd, so the join is flagged even though both halves were legible⟩, and then the little finger and the ring, and the little finger joined with the forefinger — let him offer with all the fingers ⟨two unsettled marks in one word: bhi against mi, and the mark over hu, which is either a repha or an anusvāra; the verb huvet is itself irregular, where juhuyāt would be expected⟩. The prāṇa and the rest at the first ⟨an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found a dot on the baseline where the ā-mātrā should stand, and our mūla reads prāṇādīn⟩; not together ⟨our mūla now reads sārdham uta; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found a repha here, not a nasal, and mu, not kṣu⟩, and he should resort to silence in that ⟨tanmaunitvarāśrīta: read glyph by glyph at 7x; śrī carries a long ī where āśrita would want a short i, and it is kept as printed⟩. In the rite of giving a daughter both the bridegroom and the young woman are to have fasted, if at night ⟨an eye reading of the over-inked word on the plate on 2026-09-23, with a contrast stretch, gave cen niśi, and our mūla now reads so.⟩
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मध्यतर्जनिसमध्यानामिकं" — Read across the seam of two crops with 60px of overlap; the join is at 'मध्या|नामिकं'. The element repeats मध्य twice, which is odd, so the join is flagged even though both halves were legible.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ष्ठानामी"; alternatives "छानामी" — The opening aksara resolves as ष्ठ + ā, NOT छ: at 3.4x it is the same sort that appears in कनिष्ठ later in this very line, which settles it. Reading the line in isolation would have given छानामी and broken the word तत्कनिष्ठानामी that runs over from line 28.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सर्वान्गुलीभिर्हुवेत्"; alternatives "सर्वान्गुलीभिहुंवेत्", "सर्वान्गुलीमिहुंवेत्" — Two unsettled marks in one word: भि vs मि (the sort is between the two at 3.4x), and the mark over हु, which is either a repha (giving -र्हु-) or an anusvara. Verb हुवेत् is itself irregular; जुहुयात् would be expected. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सर्वाङ्गुलीभिर्हुवेत्; this sentence names सर्वान्गुलीभिर्हुवेत्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: the plate agrees that the press sets न्ग: an eye reading of jp2 page_0143 (store line 28) at about 2.1x native found a half-न joined to a full ग, with no ङ. The text now reads सर्वाङ्गुली on the lexicon, since न् cannot stand before ग and सर्व + अङ्गुली gives सर्वाङ्गुली, and the ledger keeps the press's सर्वान्गुली.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्र.णादीन्"; alternatives "प्राणादीन्" — A round dot sits ON THE BASELINE between प्र and णा where the ā-matra of प्रा should stand. Printed exactly so at 3.4x; the ā-stroke is absent and the dot is present. The word is certainly प्राणादीन् (the vital airs, matching the English on the facing plate), but I record the sorts as they are. [2026-09-23: the plate agrees: an eye reading of jp2 page_0143 (store line 29) at about 2.1x native found a separate dot about 12 px across on the baseline and no ā-bar between प्र and ण. The text now reads प्राणादीन्, because a full stop cannot stand in the mūla and the metre needs a heavy first syllable, and the ledger keeps the press's broken sort.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सालंक्षुत"; alternatives "सालंशुत", "सालंश्रुत" — The aksara after सालं has a bowl at lower left with a u-matra tail and a right stem; I could not resolve it at 8x between क्षु, शु and श्रु. The nasal over ल is the same downward crescent as in line 18, and here it is printed as a RING with an unfilled centre. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सार्धमुत; this sentence names सालंक्षुत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: on the plate (jp2 page_0143, store line 29, read by eye at about 2.1x, 2.5x and 3.2x native) the mark is a repha, not a nasal (32x38 px; correlation 0.88-0.93 with this press's rephas, 0.57-0.61 with its anusvāras), and the fourth sort is मु (0.83-0.85 with its मु, 0.33-0.58 with its क्षु). The third sort has the shape of ल, which gives सार्लमुत, no word. The text now reads सार्धमुत, the ध on the lexicon, and the ledger keeps the press's सार्लमुत.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तन्मौनित्वराश्रीत"; alternatives "तन्मौनित्वमाश्रितं" — Read glyph by glyph at 7x as न्+मौ+नि+त्व+रा+श्री+त. श्री carries a long ī where आश्रित would want short i; kept as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चे[??]" — REFUSED. The last word of the stanza is over-inked to the point that the strokes have merged into a solid mass; at 8x, and again after autocontrast and unsharp masking at 7x, the counters do not open. I can see the opening चे with its e-matra and at least two i-matra hooks further right, and a final conjunct, but I cannot name the aksaras. Sense wants चेत् ('if') to begin it. Page 143, verse-line 4 of sloka 54, original x≈2000-2290. This is clogged ink on the plate, not a resolution limit - more magnification will not help. [2026-09-23: read again on the greyscale master (jp2 page_0143, store line 30) at about 2.5x native with a contrast stretch that maps grey 0-90 to 0-255, the word opens into चे, an i-hook, न्न, an i-hook and श. It matches this press's own चेन्निशि (9.44, page_0139) at correlation 0.82 against 0.44-0.61 for other words, and the edition's own English says 'should keep fast at night'. The text now reads चेन्निशि.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥५४॥" — ५ and ४ verified at 8x; ४ is the goblet/Y form with a descending stem. Value independently fixed by the English 'Sloka-54.' that opens the facing plate 144.
9.55a reading here is contested नाम्नद्वृद्धपदं न रूपसहितं ना गोत्रनामातिलं नान्दीश्राद्धमुत प्रदक्षिणविधिर्जीवत्पितासौ चरेत् । तेभ्यो वा स्वयमाचरेत्पितृपितृभ्योऽसौ न तस्मिन् कृतेऽप्युद्वाहाद्धुत आचरेद्वृतशुभे माता रजोगा यदि ॥५५॥
nāmnadvṛddhapadaṃ na rūpasahitaṃ nā gotranāmātilaṃ nāndīśrāddhamuta pradakṣiṇavidhirjīvatpitāsau caret | tebhyo vā svayamācaretpitṛpitṛbhyo'sau na tasmin kṛte'pyudvāhāddhuta ācaredvṛtaśubhe mātā rajogā yadi ||55||
By name ⟨nāmnad-: set as seven separate sorts, and the sandhi form -nad rather than the instrumental -nā is grammatically odd and may be a compositor's error⟩, not the word 'elder', not together with the form, not the gotra-name and the like; nor the nāndī-śrāddha, nor the rule of circumambulation — these he may perform while his father is alive. Or he may himself perform them for those, his paternal grandfathers (pitṛpitṛbhyaḥ); but not once that has been done. After the marriage he should perform ⟨uddhuta: at 30x the cluster is d + dha with a u-mātrā, then ta; the expected sandhi udvāhād uta would give duta. The reader records the ink, not the expectation.⟩ the auspicious rites of the vow, if the mother has come to her menses.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नाम्नद्वृ"; alternatives "नाम्नावृ", "नाम्नोवृ" — set as seven separate sorts na+ma-half+na+da(with visible virama)+vr+... ; the half-ma in this fount carries an oblique below the bowl, which I first mistook for a rakara. Character sequence is unambiguous once the virama is read, but the sandhi form -nad- rather than instrumental -na is grammatically odd and may be a compositor's error.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ना"; alternatives "न" — separate word before गोत्र-, x=1303-1386; the a-bar is clearly present and the metre requires a heavy 13th syllable, so the length is confirmed by two independent tests.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "र्जी"; alternatives "र्जीं" — repha above the ji is certain; a second small mark sits above it which is either ink spatter or an anusvara. At 30x the mark does not sit on the shirorekha the way this fount's anusvaras do, so I read it as spatter.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्धुत"; alternatives "दुत", "द्धत" — at 30x the cluster is d+dha with a u-matra, then ta. Reading it as a conjunct द्ध is what the ink shows; the expected sandhi उद्वाहाद् उत would give दुत. I record the ink, not the expectation.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्वृतशुभे"; alternatives "द्व्रतशुभे" — vocalic r-matra vs. subscript ra (vrata) cannot be separated with confidence: both are a hook under the va, and this fount draws them at nearly the same angle. Sense would favour व्रत.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रजोगा"; alternatives "रज़ोगा" — a dot sits under the ja; almost certainly a broken serif or show-through rather than a nukta, since nukta is not used anywhere else on this plate.
9.56a reading here is contested रात्रिं त्र्यंशमयीं विधाय चरमौ त्यक्त्वादिमेऽंशे चरेत् स्थालीपाकमुपासनाहुतिमपि श्राद्धं यदा शेषतः । दर्शो वा न भवेत्सतिर्यदि भवेत्कन्या न संतानिनी दर्शश्चेज्जुहुयादमामनुमतः सा क्रन्दनं सक्रमे ॥५६॥
rātriṃ tryaṃśamayīṃ vidhāya caramau tyaktvādime'ṃśe caret sthālīpākamupāsanāhutimapi śrāddhaṃ yadā śeṣataḥ | darśo vā na bhavetsatiryadi bhavetkanyā na saṃtāninī darśaścejjuhuyādamāmanumataḥ sā krandanaṃ sakrame ||56||
Having made the night into three ⟨tryaṃśamayīṃ: our mūla now reads tri + aṃśa, 'three parts', because an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found the first sort is a half tra and not the digit 3.⟩ parts, let him abandon the last two and act in the first part. Then the sthālīpāka and the aupāsana oblation too, and the śrāddha when what is left over remains. Or there may be no new moon ⟨bhavet: our mūla now reads bhavet on the grammar, where an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave bhavesatir without the t.⟩; if there is, and the girl is without offspring — if it is the new moon, let him offer, with the consent of the amā; and her crying at the passage ⟨sakrame: no anusvāra or ṅa is visible before kra, so the plain sakrame is what is set⟩.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "३यंशमयीं"; alternatives "३०ंशमयीं", "त्रिंशदंशमयीं", "त्र्यंशमयीं" — SUBSTANTIVE: the first sort is a DEVANAGARI DIGIT, not a letter - a numeral standing inside the mula. At 30x its form is the digit 3 with a flat head-stroke, distinct from this fount's त्र. The following sort carries an anusvara. The prose renders this as 'into 30 parts', which supports digits ३० doing duty for त्रिंशद्. I could not settle whether the second sort is ० or यं. Flagged rather than normalised: a digit inside scripture is a diplomatic fact and must not be silently expanded. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads त्र्यंशमयीं; this sentence names ३यंशमयीं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate refutes the digit reading. On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0144, printed folio 142), read by eye at about 2.1x and 2.7x native, the first sort is this press's half form of त्र, the first member of त्र्य, set as its own sort before यं. It matches the half त्र of पित्र्या (jp2 page_0142 l.9) at 0.92, and the press's digit ३ (in ॥५३॥, page_0143) at only 0.50-0.58. So the press sets त्र्यंशमयीं, 'made of three parts', and no digit stands in the mūla. The dual चरमौ and the singular आदिमे account for all three parts.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आदिमेंऽशे"; alternatives "आदिमेऽंशे" — the anusvara is printed BEFORE the avagraha; the expected order is the reverse. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: On the plate (jp2 page_0144, printed folio 142), read by eye at about 2.1x native and again at about 2.0x with a gamma-3 stretch, no avagraha is printed here. The press sets आदिमेंशे: the anusvāra stands on मे, and a 4 px gap separates म from शे. The press's avagraha on the same page (कृतेऽ-, line 14) is a 41x62 px sort, and nothing that size fits. So there is no printed order of the two marks to keep. The mūla writes the elision as मेऽंशे, as this chapter does at 9.30 (दिवसस्याप्यष्टमेऽंशे), and the ledger keeps the press's आदिमेंशे.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "श्चुपासना"; alternatives "श्चोपासना" — the matra on the cu is a hook below rather than a head-mark, so the ink reads u; sense (ca + upasana) would want o. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्थालीपाकमुपासनाहुतिमपि; this sentence names श्चुपासना, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the plate (jp2 page_0144, printed folio 142), read by eye at about 2.0x native beside सूनोश्चौलमुतात्मनः (jp2 page_0145 l.3), the consonant under the u-hook is म, not श्च. The sort matches this press's मु at 0.91 and its श्च at 0.50-0.68; its over-inked loop is what looked like श. The ink does read u, as this note says. The press sets स्थालीपाकमुपासनाहुतिमपि, and with पाकमु pāda 2 scans as śārdūlavikrīḍita at all 19 positions.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भवेसतिर्"; alternatives "भवेत्सतिर्", "भवेत्सति" — no virama or conjunct is visible between ve and sa, giving the non-word भवेसति; the expected form is भवेत्सति. Recorded as the non-word, per rule 1. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads भवेत्सतिर्यदि; this sentence names भवेसतिर्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate agrees with this reading. On jp2 page_0144 (printed folio 142), read by eye at about 2.0x native, nothing stands between वे and स: भवे runs 122 px, while भवेत् in भवेत्कन्या on the same line runs 153 px with its half-त piece. So the press itself sets भवेसतिर्यदि. The mūla now reads भवेत्सतिर्यदि on the grammar (न भवेत्, as यदि भवेत् in the same pāda), which emends the press, and the ledger keeps the press's भवेसतिर्.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सक्रमे"; alternatives "सङ्क्रमे", "संक्रमे" — no anusvara or nga is visible above/before the kra; the plain सक्रमे is what is set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "क्रन्दनं"; alternatives "क्रन्दनम्" — final mark is an anusvara dot, not a ma with virama; certain at 30x.
9.57a reading here is contested सूनोश्चौलमुतात्मनः क्षुरकृतिस्तम्भालयारम्भणे वार्धिस्नानमदूरवासमपि नो कुर्वीत गुर्विण्यथ । वृद्धौ दर्शमहालये क्षयदिने चादौ चतुर्थान्तिमे चातुर्विद्यविधानमेव कलयेत्स्वं वैश्वदेवं सुधीः ॥५७॥
sūnoścaulamutātmanaḥ kṣurakṛtistambhālayārambhaṇe vārdhisnānamadūravāsamapi no kurvīta gurviṇyatha | vṛddhau darśamahālaye kṣayadine cādau caturthāntime cāturvidyavidhānameva kalayetsvaṃ vaiśvadevaṃ sudhīḥ ||57||
The son's tonsure, or one's own shaving, the raising of a pillar or the beginning of a house, bathing in the sea, and even dwelling not far off — none of these should a pregnant woman (gurviṇī) do ⟨gurviṇy atha: our mūla now reads gurviṇī, 'the pregnant woman', grammatically the subject of kurvīta, then atha, 'then', which opens the next list. Also, 'm-adūra-' is set as one sort where the sense wants '-m dūravāsam', a long journey; the ink is unambiguous and the grammar is the problem.⟩. Then, at a Vṛddhi, at the new moon, at the Mahālaya, on the death-day, and at the beginning, on the fourth and the last — the wise man should reckon the fourfold rule as his own vaiśvadeva.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गुर्विण्यश"; alternatives "गुर्विण्यां च", "गुर्विण्यशः" — NON-WORD as set. The final sort is a clear श with no visarga and no following ca; sense wants a locative गुर्विण्यां plus च. Recorded as printed per rule 1. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गुर्विण्यथ; this sentence names गुर्विण्यश, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate refutes 'a clear श'. On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0145, printed folio 143), read by eye at about 2.0x native beside भुञ्ज्यादथ (jp2 page_0143 l.18), the final sort is थ: it matches this press's थ at 0.95 and its श at 0.60-0.66. The press sets गुर्विण्यथ, and it is a word: गुर्विणी + अथ by ordinary sandhi, 'the pregnant woman', with अथ opening the next list. The mūla now reads so.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मदूरवासम्"; alternatives "ं दूरवासम्" — the ma and the following a are set as one sort, giving 'm-adura-' where the sense wants '-m duravasam' (a long journey, per the prose). The negation may be intended to carry across. Ink is unambiguous; the grammar is the problem.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वृद्धौ"; alternatives "वृद्धो" — the matra is a double hook (au) rather than a single (o); at 30x the second hook is separate ink, not a serif.
9.58a reading here is contested दर्शे प्राक्च तिलोदकं महालये पश्चान्मृताहे परे सापिण्ड्यं यदि दार्शगं यदि पितुः पक्षं मुखाब्दे चरेत् । तीर्थेऽर्घ्याङ्गुलिवेदशासिविकिरं चावाहनं वर्जयेत् । पिण्डाग्रौ करणे च सप्त सुधियो वर्ज्यानि साङ्कल्पिते ॥५८॥
darśe prākca tilodakaṃ mahālaye paścānmṛtāhe pare sāpiṇḍyaṃ yadi dārśagaṃ yadi pituḥ pakṣaṃ mukhābde caret | tīrthe'rghyāṅgulivedaśāsivikiraṃ cāvāhanaṃ varjayet | piṇḍāgrau karaṇe ca sapta sudhiyo varjyāni sāṅkalpite ||58||
At the new moon first the sesame-and-water; at the Mahālaya ⟨our mula now reads mahālaye⟩ afterwards; on the death-day, and at the next one, if the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa falls on the new moon ⟨dārśagaṃ: a repha is present over the sa and the following sort is a ga with anusvāra; the reading is uncertain⟩, then, if it is the father's, he should observe the fortnight in the first year. At a tīrtha he should omit the arghya, the fingers, ⟨vedaśāsivi: the LEAST SETTLED reading on this plate — between vedaśā- and -vikiraṃ there are one or two sorts the reader could not resolve even at 30x, and the two overlapping tiles disagreed with each other in exactly this stretch. The prose enumerates seven items and would need a tṛpti here, but he would not import a reading from the translation into the mūla.⟩, the scattering, and the invocation. And at the piṇḍa and at the fire, in the performance, seven are to be avoided by the wise, in what has been resolved upon ⟨our mula now reads sāṅkalpite⟩.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽहालये"; alternatives "महालये" — the sort before -halaye is a small detached hook sitting at head height, not a full ma. Either a broken/undersized ma or a wrong sort. महालये is what the sense and the neighbouring prose require; I record the ink and refuse to normalise it. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads महालये; this sentence names ऽहालये, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दार्शगं"; alternatives "दार्शं", "दार्शकं" — a repha is present over the sa; the following sort is a ga with anusvara. Reading uncertain.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुक्त्वान्दे"; alternatives "मुक्त्वाब्दे" — the sort reads as n+da to me; sense (muktva abde, 'in the year', matching the prose 'in the very first year') wants b+da. The two are close in this fount. Not settled. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads मुखाब्दे; this sentence names मुक्त्वान्दे, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वेदशासिवि"; alternatives "वेदशाखातृप्तिवि", "वेदशाखिवि", "वेदशाखासिवि" — LEAST SETTLED READING ON THIS PLATE. Between वेदशा- and -विकिरं there are one or two sorts I could not resolve even at 30x; the two overlapping tiles disagreed with each other in exactly this stretch, which is itself the evidence that it is unresolved. The prose enumerates seven items and would need a तृप्ति here, but I will not import a reading from the translation into the mula.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "साङ्कलिप्ते"; alternatives "सङ्कल्पिते" — the printed order of the la and the pa looks transposed against the expected सङ्कल्पिते; recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads साङ्कल्पिते for साङ्कलिप्ते, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
9.59a reading here is contested तातस्येव च तत्कलत्रविगमे दारेषु च स्वस्य च भ्रातुश्चाग्रजनेः पितृव्यसमिते मातामहानामपि । श्राद्धं कार्यमुपासनानलहुतिस्त्वन्यस्य लौक्यानले सापत्न्योऽपि सुतः सुतो न तु पतिः कर्ता हि वर्णान्तरे
tātasyeva ca tatkalatravigame dāreṣu ca svasya ca bhrātuścāgrajaneḥ pitṛvyasamite mātāmahānāmapi | śrāddhaṃ kāryamupāsanānalahutistvanyasya laukyānale sāpatnyo'pi sutaḥ suto na tu patiḥ kartā hi varṇāntare
For the father, and likewise on the passing of his wife, and for one's own wives, and for a brother, and for the eldest ⟨cāgrajaneḥ: the visarga is clear, the preceding mātrā is not⟩, when joined with the paternal uncle ⟨samite / sahite: ma and ha in this fount differ only in the left bowl, which is filled with ink here⟩, and for the maternal grandfathers also — the śrāddha is to be performed; the oblation in the upāsana fire ⟨our mula now reads upāsanānala-, upāsana + anala, 'the upāsana fire', with the long ā the metre needs.⟩ for another, on the worldly fire. A son by a co-wife is also a son; but the husband is not the performer, where the varṇa is different.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तत्कलत्र"; alternatives "तत्करुत्र", "तत्कुलत्र" — the middle sort is pinched between the ka and the tra; la is the reading I settle on, and it is the one the sense (kalatra, wife) supports, but the ink alone would allow ru.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चाग्रजनेः"; alternatives "चाग्रजयोः", "चाग्रजने" — the visarga is clear; the preceding matra is not. Reading uncertain.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "समिते"; alternatives "सहिते", "समितेः" — ma vs ha in this fount differ only in the left bowl, which is filled with ink here.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उपासन नलहुतिः"; alternatives "उपासनेऽनलहुतिः", "औपासनेऽनलहुतिः" — printed as two words with a space and no avagraha, giving the non-phrase 'upasana nala-'. The prose speaks of the Aupasagni (marital) fire, which would want औपासने + अनल-. Recorded as printed; the word division is the edition's, not mine. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads ∅ for नलहुतिस्त्वन्यस्य, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
9.60a reading here is contested यथैकः सुतवान् स योनिजनुषा सर्वेऽपि ते पुत्रिणः पुत्रभ्रातृपितृत्विना यदि तदा भर्त्रा सती स्यान्मिथः । विश्वस्ता न च पुत्रिणी धनयुता नोर्ध्वं सपिण्डीकृतेः कार्यं स्यादनयोः परे पितृभुजे हन्ता परे ह्याब्दिकम् ॥६०॥
yathaikaḥ sutavān sa yonijanuṣā sarve'pi te putriṇaḥ putrabhrātṛpitṛtvinā yadi tadā bhartrā satī syānmithaḥ | viśvastā na ca putriṇī dhanayutā nordhvaṃ sapiṇḍīkṛteḥ kāryaṃ syādanayoḥ pare pitṛbhuje hantā pare hyābdikam ||60||
Just as one man has a son by birth from the womb, so all of them are possessed of sons. If she is without son, brother and father ⟨pitṛtvinā: the conjunct after pitṛ is crowded; tvi is the reading, but the sense, matching the prose's 'without son, brother and father', would want -bhir vinā⟩, then a faithful wife shall be together (mithaḥ) with her husband ⟨syān mithaḥ: our mūla now reads mithaḥ, 'together', as an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave it.⟩. A trusted woman, one without a son, one possessed of wealth ⟨dhana / ghana / dhava: dha and gha differ only in the head of the left stroke⟩ — not after the sapiṇḍīkaraṇa. It is to be done for these two at the later feeding of the ancestors; the slayer at the later annual rite ⟨hy ābdikam: our mūla now reads hi + ābdikam, 'the annual rite', as an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave it.⟩.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पितृत्विना"; alternatives "पितृभिर्विना", "पितृत्विनां" — the conjunct after पितृ is crowded; tvi is my reading, but the sense ('without son, brother and father', matching the prose) would want -bhir vina.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्यान्निमथः"; alternatives "स्यान्नियमतः", "स्यान्निमतः" — NON-WORD as read. The penultimate sort is ma or ya; I cannot separate them here. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्यान्मिथः; this sentence names स्यान्निमथः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0146, printed folio 144), read by eye at about 3.0x native, the press sets स्यान्मिथः: स्या, the ि sign, one small half-न under its hook, म, थ and the visarga. That is this fount's न्मि, built as in चेन्मिथो on page_0098, which the 2026-09-05 reader transcribed correctly there. There is one half-form, not two न, and no नि. मिथः, 'together', construes with भर्त्रा सती स्यात्, and pāda 2 then counts nineteen syllables.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धनयुता"; alternatives "घनयुता", "धवयुता" — dha vs gha differ only in the head of the left stroke; dha is the better fit and the better sense.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हान्दिकम्"; alternatives "ह्याब्दिकम्", "हाब्दिकम्" — the cluster reads n+da to me, giving a non-word; abdika (annual, matching the prose's 'first death anniversary') would want b+da. The same n/b confusion appeared on plate 145 line 19, so it may be a habit of this fount rather than two independent errors - worth checking as a pattern. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads ह्याब्दिकम्; this sentence names हान्दिकम्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The n/b confusion this note flagged is our reader's, not the fount's. On jp2 page_0146 (printed folio 144), read by eye at about 3.0x and 3.5x native and the conjunct alone at about 4.5x, the press sets ह्याब्दिकम्. The first sort is the fount's ह्य (60 px wide, its counter in the upper body), not plain ह (40 px, as in हन्ता on the same line). The conjunct carries an over-inked oval bowl, the fount's half-ब, the same shape as in प्रत्याब्दिकं on page_0141, and nothing like the small open hook of the half-न in नान्दी there.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हन्ता"; alternatives "हन्त" — final a-bar present.
9.61a reading here is contested प्रत्यब्दादिषु पिण्डमातृजनतश्चाज्यौ तु संस्पर्शने श्राद्धं पूर्ववदाचरेद्यदि पितुः पिण्डोऽपि भिन्नः पुनः । उच्छिष्टे न परित्यजेच्च्युतिसुवासंप्रोक्षितं नान्यदप्यश्नीयान्निखनेद् द्विवर्षमथ तद्दाहद्द्विवर्षात्परम् ॥ ६१ ॥
pratyabdādiṣu piṇḍamātṛjanataścājyau tu saṃsparśane śrāddhaṃ pūrvavadācaredyadi pituḥ piṇḍo'pi bhinnaḥ punaḥ | ucchiṣṭe na parityajeccyutisuvāsaṃprokṣitaṃ nānyadapyaśnīyānnikhaned dvivarṣamatha taddāhaddvivarṣātparam || 61 ||
At the annual rites and the like, from the piṇḍa and from the maternal line ⟨mātṛjanataś cājyau: the au/o mātrā and the number of na sorts are both unsettled in this crowded compound⟩, in the case of contact with the two clarified offerings, one should perform the śrāddha as before; and if the father's piṇḍa too is separate, then again. What is left over on the plate he should not throw away; what has been sprinkled ⟨cyutisuvāsaṃprokṣitaṃ: the sort after cyuti reads su or mu, and the word division inside the compound is not marked⟩ he should not eat either, but should bury it for two years; and thereafter, after two years, burn it ⟨between varṣā and param sits a small mark the reader could not resolve at 30x: a virāma-marked ta, a visarga and an avagraha are all admissible from the ink; the sense favours -āt param⟩.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मातृजनतश्चाज्यौ"; alternatives "मातृजनतश्चाज्यो", "मातृजननतश्चाज्यौ" — the au/o matra and the number of na sorts are both unsettled in this crowded compound.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "च्युतिसुवासंप्रोक्षितं"; alternatives "च्युतिमुवासंप्रोक्षितं", "श्रुतिसुवासंप्रोक्षितं" — the sort after च्युति reads su or mu; I cannot separate them. The word division inside this compound is also not marked.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्विवर्षात्परम्"; alternatives "द्विवर्षांऽपरम्", "द्विवर्षाःपरम्" — between वर्षा and परम् sits a small mark I could not resolve at 30x: a virama-marked ta, a visarga, or an avagraha are all admissible from the ink. Sense ('thereafter it should be burnt', i.e. after two years) favours -at param.
9.62a reading here is contested सान्निध्येऽप्यृतुलालसां तु कमितां यां नोपसंगच्छति भ्रूणं हंति स एव यात्यृतुमति कान्तं च नो विन्दते । माता योनिषु सूकरश्ववृकमार्गालीषु भूयो भवोत्तारं कामसुखं सुपुत्रफलदं यस्मात्ततस्तौ मिथः ॥ ६२ ॥
sānnidhye'pyṛtulālasāṃ tu kamitāṃ yāṃ nopasaṃgacchati bhrūṇaṃ haṃti sa eva yātyṛtumati kāntaṃ ca no vindate | mātā yoniṣu sūkaraśvavṛkamārgālīṣu bhūyo bhavottāraṃ kāmasukhaṃ suputraphaladaṃ yasmāttatastau mithaḥ || 62 ||
A man who, though present, does not go to a woman who longs for him in her season and desires him, kills an embryo; and so does he who goes to a woman in her season and yet does not find a lover in her ⟨as printed⟩. The mother [is reborn] in the wombs of hogs, dogs, wolves and ⟨mārgālīṣu: the prose lists hogs, dogs, wolves and jackals; a jackal would be śṛgālī and a cat mārjālī, and the ink shows ma + rga, which matches neither cleanly — left as read⟩, birth after birth. Since sexual pleasure carries one across worldly existence ⟨our mula now reads bhavottāraṃ kāmasukhaṃ, with the anusvāra the metre needs.⟩ and yields the fruit of a good son, therefore those two [should come together] with each other ⟨our mula now reads yasmāt tatas tau mithaḥ, 'since … therefore those two … with each other'.⟩.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हंति"; alternatives "हन्ति" — set with an anusvara rather than the conjunct न्त - the edition's own spelling, kept.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मार्गालीषु"; alternatives "शृगालीषु", "मार्जालीषु" — the prose lists hogs, dogs, wolves and jackals; a jackal would be शृगाली and a cat मार्जाली. The ink shows ma + rgа, which matches neither cleanly. Left as read.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कामसुख"; alternatives "कामसुखं" — no anusvara visible over the kha, which leaves the compound without its expected ending.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ततौ"; alternatives "तयोः", "ततो" — au/o matra unsettled. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यस्मात्ततस्तौ; this sentence names ततौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.63a reading here is contested रागाद्रोगवशादनेहस उत द्रव्याच्चतुर्धा रजः स्त्रीणां कालज एव दोषविधये पञ्चाशदब्दावधि । आ वर्षादष्टमाष्टमत्रयममुष्या मासि मासिच्युतं प्रागष्टादशवासराद्यदि पुनर्दृष्टं न दोषावहम् ॥ ६३ ॥
rāgādrogavaśādanehasa uta dravyāccaturdhā rajaḥ strīṇāṃ kālaja eva doṣavidhaye pañcāśadabdāvadhi | ā varṣādaṣṭamāṣṭamatrayamamuṣyā māsi māsicyutaṃ prāgaṣṭādaśavāsarādyadi punardṛṣṭaṃ na doṣāvaham || 63 ||
From passion, from disease, from time ⟨our mula now reads anehasa, the ablative of anehas, 'time', which the next quarter's kālaja answers.⟩, or from substance — the menstrual flow of women is of four kinds. Only that which is due to time is for the purpose of [ritual] defect, and that up to fifty years. From the year, three eighths of an eighth ⟨our mula now reads varṣād aṣṭama-, with the a restored.⟩ of hers, dropping month by month; but if it is seen again before eighteen days, it does not bring defect.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्नेहस"; alternatives "स्नेहतः", "स्नेहात्" — the ending is a bare sa where an ablative is expected to match the three neighbouring ablatives (रागात्, रोगवशात्, द्रव्यात्). Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads रागाद्रोगवशादनेहस for रागाद्रोगवशाद्स्नेहस, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वर्षाद्ष्टमाष्टमत्रयम्"; alternatives "वर्षादष्टमाष्टमत्रयम्" — the a of ashtama is swallowed into the preceding virama-marked da, giving a cluster that cannot be pronounced as set. Almost certainly a dropped sort.
9.64a reading here is contested केचित्पञ्चदशाहतः परमवस्त्वैकोनविंशाद्यहं पूर्वस्मिन्दिवसेऽःत्यजेव दिवसेऽन्यस्मिन्द्विजद्रोहिणी । तार्तीये रजकी चतुर्थदिवसे शुद्धा स्वयं कर्मसु स्वातन्त्र्येण तु पञ्चमे शुचिमती रोगादि नो दोषकृत्॥६४॥
kecitpañcadaśāhataḥ paramavastvaikonaviṃśādyahaṃ pūrvasmindivase'ḥtyajeva divase'nyasmindvijadrohiṇī | tārtīye rajakī caturthadivase śuddhā svayaṃ karmasu svātantryeṇa tu pañcame śucimatī rogādi no doṣakṛt||64||
Some ⟨our mula now reads kecit.⟩ say up to the fifteenth day, others up to the nineteenth day ⟨our mula now reads ekonaviṃśādyahaṃ, 'from the nineteenth day'.⟩. On the first day she is LIKE AN OUTCASTE WOMAN ⟨between the avagraha and tya stands a clean two-dot visarga, verified at 6.5x — two separate round dots, correctly aligned, not damage. A visarga cannot stand before tya; the sense, antyajā iva, which the published English's 'like a Pariah woman' confirms, wants n. This is the second time on these plates that the two-dot sort appears exactly where a half-consonant belongs, and whoever parses this corpus must not strip it.⟩; on the second day she is one who injures the twice-born. On the third ⟨our mula now reads tārtīye, 'on the third', a form whose heavy first syllable the metre needs.⟩ she is a washerwoman; on the fourth day she is pure of herself for rites. But by her own independence, on the fifth she is clean; disease and the like do not cause defect.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "केचत्"; alternatives "केचित्" — At 6.5x the second aksara is च with a subscript त् and NO pre-posed i-hook, so केचत् as set. केचित् is what the sense wants. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads केचित्पञ्चदशाहतः; this sentence names केचत्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विंशाब्यहं"; alternatives "विंशाद्यहं" — The conjunct before हं has a CLOSED bowl with a white counter at its lower left, which points to ब rather than द; but at 6.5x ब्य and द्य are barely separable in this fount. Sense (एकोनविंशाद्य-, 'from the nineteenth day') favours द्य. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads परमवस्त्वैकोनविंशाद्यहं; this sentence names विंशाब्यहं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽःत्यजेव"; alternatives "ऽन्त्यजेव" — IMPORTANT AND KEPT AS PRINTED. Between the avagraha and त्य stands a clean TWO-DOT (visarga) sort, verified at 6.5x - two separate round dots, correctly aligned, not damage. A visarga cannot stand before त्य; the sense (अन्त्यजा इव, 'like an outcaste woman', which the English 'like a Pariah woman' confirms) wants न्. This is the SECOND time on my plates that this two-dot sort appears exactly where a half-consonant belongs (see page 143 line 19, 'पे:णो'). Whoever parses this corpus must not strip it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ता-र्तीये"; alternatives "तृतीये" — As printed at 8x: ता (with a full ā-stroke), then a short HORIZONTAL DASH standing on the x-line, then ती carrying a repha-like hook above, then ये. My best mechanical explanation is that the ृ sort of तृ was set at line height instead of below, which would produce exactly this dash; but that is inference and the sorts are recorded as they stand. Sense and the English ('3rd, like a washerwoman') want तृतीये.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥६४॥" — ६ and ४ read at 1.7x and confirmed against the English 'Sloka-64.' below. ६ in this fount is a bowl with a leftward top hook; ४ is the goblet form. Set tight against दोषकृत् with no space before the first danda.
9.65a reading here is contested पुंसो नैव सु (हृ) दग्निश्रवा उपरतस्तद्योगपचे क्रमात् पुत्रौ वा(दथवदिवा)प्यथवा तु जन्मदिवसे श्राद्धे च पर्वस्वपि । संगच्छेदवगाहनं सवसनं कार्यं तिलैर्वर्जयेत् प्रेतप्रेक्षणमन्यपूर्वनगतीर्थामर्त्यसेवामपि ॥ ६५ ॥
puṃso naiva su (hṛ) dagniśravā uparatastadyogapace kramāt putrau vā(dathavadivā)pyathavā tu janmadivase śrāddhe ca parvasvapi | saṃgacchedavagāhanaṃ savasanaṃ kāryaṃ tilairvarjayet pretaprekṣaṇamanyapūrvanagatīrthāmartyasevāmapi || 65 ||
A newly married man with a lovely wife, who has at that time a sacrifice to perform, or his birthday, or a śrāddha, or a parvan day, should not unite with his wife on such occasions. If he does, he should bathe at once with his garment on, and use sesame to cleanse the body. On such days he should also avoid the sight of a corpse, climbing high mountains, going to holy rivers, and the worship of the gods. ⟨Two editorial insertions stand inside the printed verse — the single akṣara हृ, and five akṣaras after वा — which the second exemplar does not carry. They are the edition's apparatus, not text; the readings are in the notes.⟩
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(हृ)" — EDITORIAL. Round brackets enclosing the single aksara हृ, verified at 5x, set with a word-space on either side inside the verse line. The base text reads सु...द and the editor supplies हृ to give सुहृद्. Not scripture.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दग्निश्रवा"; alternatives "दग्निश्रुवा", "दग्नि श्रवा" — Read at 1.7x only; the ग्नि conjunct and the following श्र are both crowded and I did not zoom them.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "योगपचे"; alternatives "योगपथे" — Checked at 6.5x specifically. The final aksara is च (open curve plus right stem), NOT थ (which carries a closed loop in this fount). योगपथे would be the sensible word; योगपचे is what is set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(दथवदिवा)"; alternatives "(दथवा दिवा)" — EDITORIAL. Round brackets set TIGHT against वा on the left and प्य on the right, with no word-spaces, enclosing five aksaras read at 5x as द-थ-व-दि-वा. Whether the editor intends a variant reading or a supplement I cannot tell from this plate. Not scripture.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सवस्नं"; alternatives "सवस्त्रं" — Four aksaras at 6.5x: स, व, a half-form, नं - with a clear न (not र) in the last. सवस्त्रं ('with his clothes on', which the English says) would need three aksaras ending in स्त्रं. Recorded as the four sorts that are there. RESOLVED 2026-09-08: the word is not वस्त्र but वसन, a garment — सवसनं, exactly the four akṣaras this note counted. Bhasin prints सवसनं and the metre needs the extra syllable.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "संगच्छेद्वगाहनं"; alternatives "संगच्छेदवगाहनं" — Read at 1.72x; the द्व conjunct not zoomed. RESOLVED 2026-09-08 in favour of this note's own alternative: संगच्छेदवगाहनं, which the metre requires.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मन्यपूर्वनगती" — Read at 1.72x across the crop seam; a long compound with no word-spaces, and the English ('sight of dead bodies, climbing high mountains, going to holy rivers and worship of gods') does not segment it for me. Not zoomed. NOT RESOLVED 2026-09-08, but the CLAIM is: Sareen's English and Bhasin's Hindi agree on 'the sight of a corpse, climbing high mountains, going to holy rivers, worship of the gods'. Bhasin's exemplar sets मप्यपर्वनगतीर्थामर्त्यसेवामपि where ours has मन्यपूर्वनगतीर्थांमर्त्यसेवामपि; neither is clearly right and the compound is in the ledger, unresolved. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रेतप्रेक्षणमन्यपूर्वनगतीर्थामर्त्यसेवामपि; this sentence names मन्यपूर्वनगतीर्थांमर्त्यसेवामपि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ६५ ॥" — ६ and ५ confirmed against 'Sloka-65.' below. Note the spacing differs from sloka 64 on the same plate: here the dandas carry a space on each side of the digits, there they do not. Compositor's whim, kept as printed.
9.66a reading here is contested आषण्मासमथोद्वहोपनयकं कर्म त्यजेत्तन्मुहुर्जीर्णं भाण्डमतो गृहाच्छदिकृतिः संमार्जनाद्यालये । स्वस्यास्यापि च मुंडनं मृतिदिने पिण्डप्रदानं कृपाश्राद्धेनापि समर्चयेन्नतु गयापित्रादिके दोषकृत् ॥ ६६ ॥
āṣaṇmāsamathodvahopanayakaṃ karma tyajettanmuhurjīrṇaṃ bhāṇḍamato gṛhācchadikṛtiḥ saṃmārjanādyālaye | svasyāsyāpi ca muṃḍanaṃ mṛtidine piṇḍapradānaṃ kṛpāśrāddhenāpi samarcayennatu gayāpitrādike doṣakṛt || 66 ||
Up to six months ⟨our mula now reads āṣaṇmāsa, 'up to six months'.⟩ one should give up marriage ⟨our mula now reads athodvahopanayakaṃ, udvaha being marriage.⟩ and the initiation rite, again and again; a worn-out vessel ⟨our mula now reads jīrṇaṃ bhāṇḍam, 'a worn-out vessel'.⟩, and thence the making of a covering for the house, and sweeping and the like in the dwelling. And for oneself and for this one too ⟨our mula now reads svasyāsyāpi, svasya + asya + api.⟩, the shaving of the head on the death-day; and the giving of the piṇḍa; and by a mercy-śrāddha one should worship — but not at Gayā, and for the ancestors and the like it causes defect.
8 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आपणमास"; alternatives "आषण्मास" — At 5x the second aksara reads as प with no visible halant on the following ण. आषण्मास- ('up to six months') is the obvious sense; प and ष differ here only by a hook inside the bowl that I could not resolve. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads आषण्मासमथोद्वहोपनयकं; this sentence names आपणमास, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ढ्ढो"; alternatives "द्धो", "ढो" — A STACKED pair of aksaras carrying the o-matra, at 4.5x. Both members show a loop, which suits ढ over ढ or द over ध. If the word is अथ + ऊढ + उपनय ('then marriage and initiation') only a single ढो is wanted, and the upper member would then be a doubled sort. Unresolved. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads आषण्मासमथोद्वहोपनयकं; this sentence names ढ्ढो, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुहु—" — The line ends in a hyphen: the WORD is broken across the PLATE break and completes on page 149. The stanza itself is also split - only padas 1-2 of sloka 66 are on this plate.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "र्जांणं"; alternatives "ज्ञांणं" — This word is the dirtiest spot on the plate. At 6.5x the base reads ज + ā-stroke + ण, but there are FOUR unattached marks around it: two crescent hooks side by side above the ज (one is presumably the repha that joins it to मुहु- from the previous line; the other is unaccounted for), a solid blob above and right of the ā-stroke that reads as the anusvara, further blobs above the following space, and a stray ink dot BELOW the ज at the baseline. I have recorded a repha plus anusvara and flagged the rest. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads र्जीर्णं; this sentence names र्जांणं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गृहाच्छदिकृतिः"; alternatives "गृहाच्छादिकृतिः" — Read at 1.6x, not zoomed; the ā-length in च्छदि/च्छादि is exactly the kind of thing that needs 30x and did not get it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वखाखापि"; alternatives "स्खास्खापि", "स्वस्वापि" — Aksaras 2 and 3 are IDENTICAL and both carry the ā-stroke. I settled them as ख by direct comparison at 6x with the ख of करमुखे in sloka 68 pada 2 on this same plate - same left curl with a white counter, same right stem. Aksara 1 is a conjunct I read as स्व. The whole is not a word I can construe, and it is recorded as the four sorts that are set. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्वस्यास्यापि; this sentence names स्वखाखापि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुंडन"; alternatives "मुण्डनं" — Printed with anusvara and no final nasal; the English 'hair cut for himself and the Brahmachari' confirms the sense is मुण्डन.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ६६ ॥" — Both digits ६, confirmed against the 'Sloka-66.' immediately below. This gives an internal control on the ६ glyph, which recurs in ६७ and ६८ on this plate.
9.67a reading here is contested मूलं दक्षिणकर्णलग्नमितरे यज्ञोपवीतं द्विजः कुर्यादह्न्युदगाशयान्तक्ततलिङ्गार्द्रया चेन्निशि । दक्षो दक्षिण एव लिङ्गमृदिदं त्वेका त्रयं तत्करे द्वन्द्वं चोभयतस्त्वपानशरयुक्तद्युग्ममन्यत्रिणि ॥ ६७ ॥
mūlaṃ dakṣiṇakarṇalagnamitare yajñopavītaṃ dvijaḥ kuryādahnyudagāśayāntaktataliṅgārdrayā cenniśi | dakṣo dakṣiṇa eva liṅgamṛdidaṃ tvekā trayaṃ tatkare dvandvaṃ cobhayatastvapānaśarayuktadyugmamanyatriṇi || 67 ||
The root fastened to the right ear, the others — the twice-born should make the sacred thread ⟨yajñopavītaṃ: our mūla now reads this word on the codepoint and the lexicon. An eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found no anusvāra above jña, a round dot at mid-height where the o-mātrā belongs, and no legible o-mātrā, so the page does not set the word cleanly.⟩ by day ⟨dahnyu: the conjunct after kuryād is a stacked pair with a u-mātrā at 6.5x; the upper member is ha, the lower read as n, giving ahni, 'by day', matching the English's 'During the day time' — but the lower member could equally be a second ha or ḍha at this inking⟩, facing north ⟨yāntaktatataliṅgā: verified at 6.5x across the crop seam — the sequence really is nta + kta + ta + ta + li + ṅgā, four dental/velar akṣaras in a row with no word-space. It is not a word the reader could construe; recorded as set.⟩, moist, if at night. The right hand is on the right; this is the liṅga-earth, but one [measure] ⟨tv ekā: our mūla now reads tu ekā, 'but one', on the metre, where an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave tvakā.⟩; three in that hand; a pair on both sides; and joined with the apāna-arrow, a pair, and elsewhere three.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यज्ञं·पवीतं"; alternatives "यज्ञोपवीतं" — KEPT AS PRINTED, and it is a third instance of this printing's stray-mark habit. At 4.5x there is a small dot ABOVE ज्ञ (which I read as anusvara) and, separately, a MID-HEIGHT round dot standing on the x-line between ज्ञ and प, exactly where the o-matra of यज्ञोपवीतं belongs. I have written that mid-height mark as '·' (U+00B7). The word is certainly यज्ञोपवीतं - the English says 'the Sacred Thread' - but the sorts are what they are. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यज्ञोपवीतं; this sentence names यज्ञं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147), read by eye at about 2.8x native and at about 4.0x with gamma 1.8 beside दक्षो on the same leaf, the mark above ज्ञ is a faint grey speck (17 px at grey <160, never darker than grey 148), not an anusvāra sort: the anusvāra over तं in the same word is 286 px and reaches grey 26. The mid-height dot is real ink, and no legible ो prints. Two fragments of one under-printed ो would explain both marks, and so would dirt; the image cannot tell which. The mūla reads यज्ञोपवीतं on the codepoint and the lexicon.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दह्न्यु"; alternatives "दह्ह्यु", "दह्यु" — The conjunct after कुर्यांद is a stacked pair with a u-matra, read at 6.5x. The upper member is ह; the lower I read as न्, which gives अह्नि ('by day') and matches the English 'During the day time'. But the lower member could equally be a second ह or ढ at this inking. Flagged rather than decided. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुर्यादह्न्युदगाशयान्तक्ततलिङ्गार्द्रया; this sentence names कुर्यांद, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The word before this conjunct is कुर्याद, not कुर्यांद. On jp2 page_0149 (printed folio 147), read by eye at about 2.8x native and at about 4.0x with gamma 1.8, the only mark above या is the repha, the same shape as the repha of ार्द्रया on the same line. What read as an anusvāra is the loose top of a broken ā-stem, a faint 8x8 px fragment at headline level. The page sets no anusvāra over या.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यान्तक्ततलिङ्गा" — Verified at 6.5x across the crop seam that worried me: the sequence really is न्त + क्त + त + त + लि + ङ्गा, four dental/velar aksaras in a row with no word-space. It is not a word I can construe; recorded as set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ार्द्रया"; alternatives "ार्द्यां" — Read at 3.2x; the repha is clear, the subscript र less so.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेन्निशि"; alternatives "चेंन्निशि" — There is a dot above the न्नि whose owner is ambiguous - it may be an anusvara belonging to चे. Sense (चेत् + निशि, 'if at night', matching the English) wants no anusvara.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्वका"; alternatives "त्रिका" — Read at 1.65x only, not zoomed. त्व and त्रि are a known confusion in this fount. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads त्वेका; this sentence names त्वका, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Read at about 2.8x native on the greyscale master (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147): the page sets त्व with व's loop, distinct from the त्र of त्रयं beside it, so त्रिका is refuted. No े is printed: no pixel above त्व is darker than grey 220, where the anusvāra of त्रयं in the same zone reaches grey 26. So the press sets त्वका, as this note read. The mūla reads त्वेका on the metre, which emends the press: the thirteenth syllable of the śārdūlavikrīḍita must be heavy. The ledger keeps the press's त्वका.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "लिङ्गमृदिदं"; alternatives "लिङ्गमृदिदं", "लिङ्गमृदि इदं" — Read at 1.65x; the word division inside this compound is not marked and I have not imposed one.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "युक्तद्युग्म"; alternatives "युक्तह्युग्म" — Read across the crop seam at 1.72x; the conjunct at the join was not zoomed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ६७ ॥" — ७ verified against the English 'Sloka-67.' below - in this fount ७ is a closed upper loop over a rightward tail. This plate fixes ६, ७ and ८ in a single sequence (६६, ६७, ६८), each independently confirmed by its English locator, which is the cleanest numeral ground truth available anywhere in my ten plates.
9.68a reading here is contested त्रिलिंङ्गे षडपानके दश दश स्युर्हस्तयोस्तद्गुदे चैकं तत्करपृष्ठतः करमुखे चोरुद्वये पादयोः । मूले तद्द्विगुणं त्रयं च मिथुने शुक्ले तु पूर्वद्वयं यत्स्यादह्नि तदर्द्धमर्द्धंनिशि चेत्तस्यार्द्धमस्येत्पथि ॥ ६८ ॥
triliṃṅge ṣaḍapānake daśa daśa syurhastayostadgude caikaṃ tatkarapṛṣṭhataḥ karamukhe corudvaye pādayoḥ | mūle taddviguṇaṃ trayaṃ ca mithune śukle tu pūrvadvayaṃ yatsyādahni tadarddhamarddhaṃniśi cettasyārddhamasyetpathi || 68 ||
On the triple liṅga, six on the apāna; ten and ten on the two hands; and one again on the anus ⟨our mūla now reads tadgude, 'on that anus'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 could not identify the lower letter of the conjunct, so the lexicon decides, since taddude is no word⟩, on the back of the hand, on the front of the hand, on the two thighs, on the feet; at the root twice that, and three at the conjunction. In the bright half the first two; whatever it be by day, half of that; and half again if at night; and half of that if on a journey.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रिलिंङ्गे"; alternatives "त्रिलिङ्गे" — An anusvara dot AND the ङ्ग conjunct are both present - the nasal is written twice. Kept as printed. [2026-09-23: Confirmed on the plate (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147), read by eye at about 3.6x native: the anusvāra is fused to the tip of the ि-loop of लि, the same shape the press gives सिं in सिंहे at 9.71 (page_0151 line 5), and the e-flag of ङ्गे stands separately. The press prints the nasal twice, and our text keeps it.] [2026-09-30: re-read on the plate on 2026-09-30 at about 6.5x native beside repha controls (र्ध्नि p150, र्जि p151, र्धि and र्वि p145), which the 2026-09-23 reading did not compare. A repha on a ि takes the same fused-knob shape on this press, so the mark over लि cannot be ruled an anusvāra from its shape; the question is recorded in the verse's doubts.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तद्दुदे"; alternatives "तद्द्वये", "तद्दृदे" — The penultimate aksara at 4.5x is a stacked द-pair carrying a u-matra hook; the last is दे. तद्द्वये would parallel चोरुद्वये in the next pada and तद्द्विगुणं in the one after, so it is the likely word, but the u-hook and the े are what is on the paper. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्युर्हस्तयोस्तद्गुदे; this sentence names तद्दुदे, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Corrected to तद्गुदे on the lexicon and on the edition's own facing English ('(4) again the anus, once', store page_0150 line 4). On the plate (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147), read by eye at about 3.2x native, the upper member of the stacked conjunct is a compressed द, and the lower member, fused with the ु, could not be told between द and ग. So the leaf neither confirms the pair of द nor refutes द्गु. The alternative तद्द्वये has no u-hook and no witness.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चेकं"; alternatives "चैकं" — Read at 1.72x. There is one stroke plus a separate small mark above the च; whether the mark is a second e-stroke (making ai) or a stray I did not settle. चैकं (च + एकं) is the expected word. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चैकं; this sentence names चेकं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Settled on the plate (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147), read by eye at about 3.6x native: the mark over च is one double flag, 53x36 px with 1,081 dark px. That is the size of the ai of नैव on page_0151 (55x40 px) and about twice a single e-flag on these leaves (29-43 px wide). The press sets चैकं.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अर्द्धंनिशि"; alternatives "अर्द्धं निशि" — Set with NO word-space between the anusvara and निशि, unlike the spaced words on either side. Kept as set. [2026-09-23: On the plate (jp2 page_0149, printed folio 147), read by eye at about 3.6x native with a gamma 2.5 stretch, the mark is a fleck, 8x5 px with 23 dark px at threshold 128, lying on the tip of the ि-loop of नि. The anusvāras on this leaf have 160-348 dark px and stand 13-40 px above their own akṣara; the fleck stands 44-49 px above the headline, over the next akṣara. The metre wants no anusvāra here, since the ninth syllable must be light, while the grammar of अर्द्धम् before निशि expects one. The text stays as it is, and the question is recorded in the verse's doubts.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ६८ ॥" — ८ confirmed against the English 'Sloka-68.' that opens the last paragraph of this plate.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(band split)" — This line and line 31 were printed so close that they form a SINGLE 285px ink band; every other Devanagari band on the plate is 119-143px. The split between them was made by eye at y≈3960 of the original, not by the detector.
9.69a reading here is contested गार्ह्याद्ब्रह्मयुजो भवेद्द्विगुणमप्येतद्वनावासिनः कार्यं तत्त्रिगुणं चतुर्गुणमिदं शौचं यतेरीर्यते । स्त्रीशूद्राव्रतबालपामरधियां स्याद्गन्धलेपक्षयः स्नात्वा न प्रविवर्जयेदथ तनु स्युस्तीर्थकोट्यो यतः ।ः ६९ ॥
gārhyādbrahmayujo bhaveddviguṇamapyetadvanāvāsinaḥ kāryaṃ tattriguṇaṃ caturguṇamidaṃ śaucaṃ yaterīryate | strīśūdrāvratabālapāmaradhiyāṃ syādgandhalepakṣayaḥ snātvā na pravivarjayedatha tanu syustīrthakoṭyo yataḥ |ḥ 69 ||
For one joined to Brahman it becomes double that of the householder ⟨our mula now reads gārhyād, 'than the household rule'.⟩; and for forest-dwellers ⟨our mula now reads vanāvāsinaḥ, 'forest-dwellers'.⟩ it is to be made three times that, and this purification four times for an ascetic, so it is declared. For women, śūdras, those under a vow, children, and dull-witted rustics ⟨our mula now reads bālapāmaradhiyāṃ, pāmara being the ignorant rustic.⟩, there is the wearing away of the scented paste. Having bathed, one should not then throw it off, for the body then becomes crores of tīrthas. ⟨The verse-number's opening mark is a visarga sort standing where the second daṇḍa of the opening ॥ belongs — the compositor's habit, not damage; a parser demanding a clean ॥ before the digits will lose this verse number.⟩
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गार्हांद्"; alternatives "गार्ह्यांद्", "गार्हाद्" — Read at 1.72x; the second aksara carries a repha and an ā with a nasal mark, and I did not zoom it. Sense wants गार्हाद् ('than the householder's'), which the English confirms. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads गार्ह्याद्ब्रह्मयुजो; this sentence names गार्हांद्, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "एतद्रुनावासिनः"; alternatives "एतद्द्रुनावासिनः", "एतद्वनवासिनः" — Read across the crop seam at 1.72x. The English says 'the Vanaprasthas (those living in the forest)', which wants वनवासिनः; the sorts I see give a द्रु/द्र conjunct where व should be. NOT zoomed - this is a place where the seam and the sense disagree and a 10x pass is owed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads भवेद्द्विगुणमप्येतद्वनावासिनः; this sentence names द्रु, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तत्त्रिगुण"; alternatives "तत्त्रिगुणं" — No anusvara visible on the final ण, unlike चतुर्गुणमिदं beside it. Kept as set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यतेरीर्यंते"; alternatives "यतेरीरितं" — Read at 1.72x, not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यतेरीर्यते; this sentence names यतेरीर्यंते, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पा रराधियां"; alternatives "पामराधियां", "पामराल्पधियां" — REFUSED IN PART. After बालपा there is a word-SPACE and then a small sort that does NOT join the headline of the following रा - at 9x it is a detached angular form with a short tick at its left, closest to र, but it could be म badly inked or even a numeral २. The English ('un-educated ignorant rustics') wants पामर. I record the space and the detached sort as they stand and name what I cannot decide. Page 150, verse-line 3 of sloka 69, original x≈965-1030. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्त्रीशूद्राव्रतबालपामरधियां स्याद्गन्धलेपक्षयः; this sentence names रराधियां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्याद्ङ्गलेपक्षयः"; alternatives "स्याद्न्घलेपक्षयः", "स्यादङ्गलेपक्षयः" — The nasal conjunct after स्याद् read at 1.72x only; ङ्ग and न्घ are not separable at that magnification. Sense (अङ्गलेप-, 'the ointment on the limbs', which the English names) favours ङ्ग. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्त्रीशूद्राव्रतबालपामरधियां स्याद्गन्धलेपक्षयः; this sentence names स्याद्ङ्गलेपक्षयः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।ः ६९ ॥"; alternatives "॥ ६९ ॥" — KEPT EXACTLY AS PRINTED. At 6x, after यतः there is ONE full-height danda, then a separate mark made of a short vertical stroke at cap height with a distinct round dot below it, then ६, then ९, then a clean full ॥. RESOLVED LATER IN THIS BATCH: the same slot on page 152 line 8 (।ः७४॥) carries, at 7.5x, an unmistakable clean VISARGA - two round dots - and page 152 lines 20-21 show the same visarga sort set INSIDE words where a half-consonant belongs. So this mark is that visarga sort with its upper dot smeared into a stroke, not a failed danda as I first supposed. The compositor sets a visarga where the second danda of the opening ॥ belongs; it is a habit, not damage. I have written it as 'ः'. A parser demanding a clean ॥ before the digits will lose this verse number.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रविवर्ज्येदथ"; alternatives "प्रविविर्ज्येदथ" — Read at 1.72x, not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रविवर्जयेदथ; this sentence names प्रविवर्ज्येदथ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ६९ ॥" — ९ confirmed against the English 'Sloka-69.' below - in this fount ९ is a filled bowl over a descending tail, distinct from ६ beside it, which has an open top hook. Together with ७० in the next stanza this plate fixes ९ and ० against their locators.
9.70a reading here is contested देवा मूर्ध्नि पिबन्त्यथो च पितरो वक्त्रेऽथ मध्यादपि यक्षास्तन्वधराश्च जन्तव इदं मध्येन तुल्यं त्वधः । वामे रक्तसमं तु दक्षिणत इदं गङ्गासमं मङ्गलं केशाग्रे निपतन्ति बिन्दव इमे स्नानं निरर्थं पुनः ॥७०॥
devā mūrdhni pibantyatho ca pitaro vaktre'tha madhyādapi yakṣāstanvadharāśca jantava idaṃ madhyena tulyaṃ tvadhaḥ | vāme raktasamaṃ tu dakṣiṇata idaṃ gaṅgāsamaṃ maṅgalaṃ keśāgre nipatanti bindava ime snānaṃ nirarthaṃ punaḥ ||70||
The gods drink at the head, the ancestors at the mouth, and from the middle too; the yakṣas and creatures with slender [lower parts] ⟨our mula now reads tanvadharāś, which divides as tanu + adhara, 'slender below'.⟩ — this by the middle; and equally below. On the left it is like blood; on the right this is like the Gaṅgā, auspicious. When the drops fall from the tips of the hair, the bath is again fruitless.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तन्वघराश्च"; alternatives "तन्वधराश्च" — घ vs ध read at 1.72x only. The English 'the yaksha with their bellies or waists' does not decide it. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यक्षास्तन्वधराश्च; this sentence names तन्वघराश्च, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७०॥" — ७ and ० confirmed against the English 'Sloka-70.' below; ० is a small closed ring set on the baseline. Note the contrast with sloka 69 eleven lines above: there the closing punctuation is malformed and spaced, here it is a clean ॥७०॥ set tight. Same page, same compositor, two different treatments.
9.71a reading here is contested भुक्तौ मूत्रपुरीषयोश्च पुरुषो वीर्येऽष्टयुक्सिन्धुभिः षष्ट्या चापि विशोधयेन्निजमुखं तोयेन गाण्डूषिणा । सिंहे कर्कटके यमे च सकला नद्यो रजस्विन्य इत्याशु स्नानविवर्जिनं नदिपतेरासङ्गमाच्छुध्यति ॥७१॥
bhuktau mūtrapurīṣayośca puruṣo vīrye'ṣṭayuksindhubhiḥ ṣaṣṭyā cāpi viśodhayennijamukhaṃ toyena gāṇḍūṣiṇā | siṃhe karkaṭake yame ca sakalā nadyo rajasvinya ityāśu snānavivarjinaṃ nadipaterāsaṅgamācchudhyati ||71||
After eating, and after passing urine and excrement ⟨our mūla now reads mūtrapurīṣayośca; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found the dot between yo and śca to be a stray fleck, not a letter⟩, a man should purify his own mouth with eight ⟨the published English gives the number as 108, which no number-word the reader can see here supplies; aṣṭa, eight, is visible but its multiplier is not⟩ and with sixty ⟨ṣaṣṭi, sixty, does not appear in the published English at all — flagged as a place where verse and rendering do not line up⟩ waters, rinsing it with a mouthful of water ⟨our mūla now reads toyena, 'with water'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found a final ta and could not settle the vowel, so the word is emended on the lexicon⟩. In Siṃha, in Karkaṭaka, and in Yama ⟨Yama, 'the twins', is used here as a sign-name for Mithuna, Gemini — the published English renders the three as 'Mithuna, Karkaṭa and Siṃha'. Worth flagging: a reader who does not know the convention will take yame for a god.⟩, all rivers are in their courses; so one who has quickly forgone bathing becomes pure by contact with the lord of rivers, the sea.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यो.श्च"; alternatives "योश्च" — KEPT AS PRINTED. At 6x there is a distinct round dot ON THE BASELINE between यो and श्च, and the श्च itself is damaged - its headline is broken and the श is mutilated on its upper left. The word is certainly मूत्रपुरीषयोश्च (the English says 'passing water, excreta'). Two separate defects in one place: an intrusive dot and a broken sort. [2026-09-23: On the plate (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.4x native, the dot between यो and श्च is a fleck, 8x8 px with 53 dark px, against 181-302 dark px for an anusvāra on this leaf; no Devanāgarī sign is a single low dot in that place. The letters set are यो and श्च, and the mūla now reads मूत्रपुरीषयोश्च without the ASCII full stop.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वीर्येऽष्ट्युक्सिन्धुभिः"; alternatives "वीर्येऽष्टयुक्सिन्धुभिः" — Read at 1.72x, not zoomed. The English gives the number as 108, which no number-word I can see here supplies; अष्ट- (8) is visible but its multiplier is not. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads वीर्येऽष्टयुक्सिन्धुभिः; this sentence names वीर्येऽष्ट्युक्सिन्धुभिः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Corrected to वीर्येऽष्टयुक्सिन्धुभिः on the metre: with ट्यु pāda 1 counts 18 syllables, and only टयु puts all 19 positions of the śārdūlavikrīḍita right. On the plate (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.4x native, no separate virāma was seen under the ष्ट, though a virāma merged into the lower curl of ट cannot be ruled out at that magnification.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तांयेत"; alternatives "तोयेन", "ताडयेत" — At 4.5x the mark above the ā-stroke is a solid blob sitting ON the stroke, which reads as anusvara and gives तां-; an o-matra would put its flag at the upper right of the stroke instead, and it does not. So तांयेत as set, though तोयेन ('with water') would suit the English. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तोयेन; this sentence names तांयेत, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the plate (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 3.3x native, the last letter is त, not न, and the mark over the first त is a level oblong (29x15 px): too long for an anusvāra, and without the down-right slope of every o- and e-flag on these leaves. This press sets its o-flags to the upper left of the stroke, so the test in this note does not hold for it. The ink cannot settle the vowel, and either way the letters give no word. The mūla reads तोयेन, 'with water', on the lexicon and the edition's own English ('gargle his mouth with water', store page_0151 line 8), which emends the press; the ledger keeps the press's form.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गाण्डूषिणा"; alternatives "भाण्डूषिणा" — Settled at 4.5x as ग, not भ: the sort has a single descending left hook joined to a right stem, where भ in this fount carries a closed left loop with a cross-bar. गण्डूष is 'a mouthful of water for rinsing', which is exactly what the English says ('gargle his mouth').
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "षष्ट्या" — Read at 1.7x. षष्टि- is 'sixty', which does not appear in the English at all. Flagged as a place where verse and rendering do not line up.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यमे" — यम ('the twins') is used here as a sign-name for Mithuna/Gemini - the English renders the three as 'Mithuna, Karkata and Simha'. Worth flagging because a reader who does not know the convention will take यमे for a god.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "इ—" — The pada ends on a hyphen mid-word; it completes as इत्याशु at the head of the next line.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "नदीपते"; alternatives "नद्रिपते" — Read at 1.72x. नदीपति ('lord of rivers' = the sea) matches the English 'a bath in the sea (at the mouth of a river)'. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads नदिपतेरासङ्गमाच्छुध्यति; this sentence names नदीपते, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.4x native, sets नदि with a short i: the i-stroke stands to the left of द and its loop arches right, and nothing rises to the right of द, where a long ī would stand. The metre needs the short vowel too. The rendering 'lord of rivers' stands.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७१॥" — Four full-height strokes, ७ and १ clean. Compare sloka 73 on this same plate, whose dandas are half-inked.
9.72a reading here is contested दार्भ्यं ताम्रमुतापि राजतसुवर्णाद्यं पवित्रं करे हैमं धार्यमनामिकामधि तथा रौप्यं च तर्जन्यधि । स्वाङ्गं तच्च कनीयसि प्रियतमं दैवे न पित्र्ये नरः ताते भ्रातरि नैव धार्यमिदमप्यार्ये कनिष्ठे न तु ॥७२॥
dārbhyaṃ tāmramutāpi rājatasuvarṇādyaṃ pavitraṃ kare haimaṃ dhāryamanāmikāmadhi tathā raupyaṃ ca tarjanyadhi | svāṅgaṃ tacca kanīyasi priyatamaṃ daive na pitrye naraḥ tāte bhrātari naiva dhāryamidamapyārye kaniṣṭhe na tu ||72||
A pavitra of darbha, or of copper, or of silver, or of gold and the like ⟨our mūla now reads rājatasuvarṇādyaṃ, with suvarṇa, 'gold'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave mu there, and the text is emended to su on the lexicon⟩ is [held] in the hand. A gold one is to be worn on the ring finger, and likewise a silver one on the forefinger ⟨our mūla now reads tarjanyadhi, tarjanī + adhi, 'on the forefinger'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave tarthanyadhi, and tha is emended to ja on the lexicon⟩. One's own limb, and that on the little finger, is dearest at a rite for the gods, not at one for the ancestors. For a father and for a brother it is not to be worn; and this holds for an elder, but not for a younger. ⟨our mūla now reads dhāryamidamapyārye, with api + ārye, 'for an elder too'; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 found the lone stroke to be the ā of pyā and the mark over ya to be an e-stroke and a repha joined in one piece, giving rye⟩
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "राजतमुवर्णाद्यं"; alternatives "राजतसुवर्णाद्यं" — The aksara before वर्णाद्यं looks the same at 1.7x as the म of ताम्रमुतापि earlier in the line, so I have read it म; but सुवर्ण ('gold') is what the English lists ('Darbha grass, copper, silver or gold') and the compound wants स. Not zoomed - this one deserves 10x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads राजतसुवर्णाद्यं; this sentence names राजतमुवर्णाद्यं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Read on the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149) at about 2.6x native: the press prints म, not स, the same build as मु in ताम्रमुतापि on the same line (its lower left empty), where the स of सुदिवसे on this leaf carries ink at its lower left. So this note read the press faithfully. The mūla is emended to राजतसुवर्णाद्यं on the lexicon: मुवर्ण is no word, and सुवर्ण, 'gold', completes the list the edition's own English gives. The ledger keeps the press's राजतमुवर्णाद्यं.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तर्थन्याघि"; alternatives "तर्जन्यधि" — Read at 1.72x. तर्जनी + अधि ('on the index finger') is the expected word and would need ज and ध where I read थ and घ. Not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तर्जन्यधि; this sentence names तर्थन्याघि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: Read on the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149) at about 2.6x native, the press sets तर्थन्यधि. The one vertical after न्य is the stem of ि, not an ā, and the last letter is the same ध sort as in अनामिकामधि on this line. So न्याघि was a slip of our transcription, and न्यधि is also what the metre needs. The थ is the press's own letter: it is built like थ in तथा, with none of the white under the headline that this fount's ज leaves. The mūla reads तर्जन्यधि on the lexicon: तर्थनी is no word, and तर्जनी, the forefinger, is this chapter's word at 9.53 and 9.54. The ledger keeps the press's तर्थन्यधि.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्वाङ्गं"; alternatives "खाङ्गं" — First aksara स्व or ख, read at 1.7x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मप्यायें" — TWO defects here at 6x. (1) An ISOLATED VERTICAL STROKE with a headline stub stands between प्या and यें, attached to neither - it is not the ā-matra of प्या, which is already present. (2) The mark above यें is a heavy compound blob, an e- or ai-matra printed over something else. I record the word as मप्यायें and name both marks rather than resolving them. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads धार्यमिदमप्यार्ये; this sentence names मप्यायें, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.6x native: the isolated vertical stroke is the ā of प्या, which this fount sets free from the headline, after प्य with its own य stem. The heavy blob over य is this press's र्ये sort, an e-stroke with a repha lobe fused to its upper right, as over वीर्ये in 9.71 on this leaf. It is not ें, which this press sets with a separate dot (कें, page_0154 line 32). The page sets मप्यार्ये, 'and for an elder'.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७२॥" — Four full-height strokes; ७ and २ clean.
9.73a reading here is contested गायत्री दशसंख्यया पितृदिने जप्या प्रदोषेऽपि चाऽनध्याये वसुविंशतिः सुदिवसे साहस्रसंख्याथवा । जप्या पञ्चशतं त्रिशत्यथ सविंशत्यष्टयुक्तं शतं संक्रांत्यादिषु तर्पणं पुर उत श्राद्धं ततस्त्वादिकम् ।।७३।
gāyatrī daśasaṃkhyayā pitṛdine japyā pradoṣe'pi cā'nadhyāye vasuviṃśatiḥ sudivase sāhasrasaṃkhyāthavā | japyā pañcaśataṃ triśatyatha saviṃśatyaṣṭayuktaṃ śataṃ saṃkrāṃtyādiṣu tarpaṇaṃ pura uta śrāddhaṃ tatastvādikam ||73|
The Gāyatrī is to be recited ten times on the ancestors' day, and at dusk too, and — ⟨our mūla now reads cā'nadhyāye, ca + anadhyāye, joined with no line-break hyphen, and the avagraha keeps the division marked⟩ — on a non-study day, twenty-eight times ⟨a bhūta-saṃkhyā number-word: vasu = 8, so vasu + viṃśati = 28, and the published English reads '28 times'. NOTE that the editor did NOT set an arabic gloss beside it here, though he does so elsewhere in this book, so a reader of the Sanskrit alone must know the convention.⟩; on an auspicious day a thousand times, or else five hundred, or three hundred, or a hundred and twenty-eight ⟨our mūla now reads saviṃśatyaṣṭayuktaṃ śataṃ, 'a hundred joined with twenty and eight'⟩. On Saṅkrānti and the other such days ⟨our mūla now reads saṃkrāṃtyādiṣu; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave a raised stroke and ḍhapu there, and the word is emended on the lexicon⟩ the tarpaṇa first, and then the śrāddha, and the rest after that.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रदोषेऽप"; alternatives "प्रदोषेऽपि" — Read at 1.72x; no i-matra visible on the प, though अपि is expected. [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.8x and 3.0x native with a gamma 3.0 copy, a detached arc, the upper part of a ि hook, stands over a 27 px blank before प. The ि sort printed its hook and not its stem, which is why no i-mātrā showed at low magnification. The press set पि, and the mūla reads प्रदोषेऽपि, as the idiom अपि च, 'and also', requires.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चा—" — The pada ends on a hyphen and the NEXT LINE OPENS WITH AN AVAGRAHA (ऽनध्याये), so the break falls at चा + अनध्याये. A hyphen followed by an avagraha at the line head is worth knowing about: a naive de-hyphenator will join them into 'चाऽनध्याये' and lose the sandhi. [2026-09-23: Joined as the press sets the letters, चाऽनध्याये, read by eye at 3.5x: the dash is the press's line-end mark, and the avagraha at the head of the next line stays, so the division ca + anadhyāye remains marked and the sandhi is not lost.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वसुर्विंशतिः" — A BHUTA-SAMKHYA number-word: वसु = 8, so वसु + विंशति = 28, and the English opposite reads '28 times'. NOTE that the editor did NOT set an arabic gloss beside it here, though the brief says he does so elsewhere in this book. So the gloss is inconsistent, and a reader of the Sanskrit alone must know the convention. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रदोषेऽपि चाऽनध्याये वसुविंशतिः; this sentence names वसुर्विंशतिः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The page sets वसुविंशतिः with no repha (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149, read by eye at about 2.8x native). Over विं stand only the ि hook and the anusvāra dot touching it; a repha in this fount is a separate tall hook with a knob, as over तर्पणं in pāda 4. The rest of this note (वसु = 8, so 28) stays true.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सर्विंशत्यष्ट्युक्तं" — Read across the crop seam at 1.72x; a long number-compound I cannot segment with confidence, and the English at this point ('a thousand times, or 500, 300 or-') runs off the plate before it resolves. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads सविंशत्यष्टयुक्तं; this sentence names सर्विंशत्यष्ट्युक्तं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.8x native, the page sets सविंशत्य with no repha, and ष्ट followed by a full यु with no virāma. This press sets ष्ट्य and ष्टय alike (compare षष्ट्या in 9.71 on this leaf), so the plate is neutral there and the metre decides: with ष्टयु the pāda scans at all 19 positions. The compound reads सविंशत्यष्टयुक्तं शतं, a hundred with twenty-eight (128), the number Bhasin's Hindi gives (a machine read of uk-bhasin-hindi page_0240).]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "'ढपु"; alternatives "ऽढपु", "ादिषु" — At 5x a small RAISED apostrophe-shaped mark stands between संक्रांत्यां and ढ, higher than an avagraha would sit and much smaller. ढ and पु themselves are unambiguous. संक्रान्त्यादिषु ('on Sankranti and the rest') is what the sense wants and would need ादिषु where ढपु stands. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads संक्रांत्यादिषु; this sentence names संक्रांत्यां and ढपु, the forms our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected them, and they are kept as history.] [2026-09-23: On the exemplar's greyscale master (jp2 page_0151, printed folio 149), read by eye at about 2.8x native with a gamma 3.0 copy, ढ, पु and the raised stroke are confirmed, and the page has no anusvāra on त्या. The press prints संक्रांत्या, a raised stroke over a 26 px blank, then ढपु, which is a garble. The mūla is emended to संक्रांत्यादिषु, 'on Saṅkrānti and the other days', on the lexicon, and the ledger keeps the press's reading.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।।७३।।"; alternatives "॥७३॥" — KEPT AS PRINTED. At 7x, reading left to right: a stray comma-shaped mark at the baseline, then a FULL-height danda, then a HALF-height stroke, then ७, then ३, then another half-height stroke, then a full-height danda. Digits confirmed against the English 'Sloka-73.' below. I have written it with plain dandas because there is no code point for a half-inked one; the shape is described here so that nobody 'corrects' it.
9.74a reading here is contested । श्राद्धे तीर्थगयामहालयसमासंज्ञे तिलैस्तर्पणं कुर्यादेव परेऽह्नि वृध्यनुकृतौ तच्चेदनुमासिकं । प्रेताख्ये च धरत्पिता स्वजननीश्राद्धे तु नो तर्पणं प्रातः स्नातशुचिः प्रतर्प्यविधिकृत्सन्ध्यादि पश्चाच्चरेत् ।ः७४॥
| śrāddhe tīrthagayāmahālayasamāsaṃjñe tilaistarpaṇaṃ kuryādeva pare'hni vṛdhyanukṛtau taccedanumāsikaṃ | pretākhye ca dharatpitā svajananīśrāddhe tu no tarpaṇaṃ prātaḥ snātaśuciḥ pratarpyavidhikṛtsandhyādi paścāccaret |ḥ74||
At a śrāddha — the Tīrtha, the Gayā, the Mahālaya, and the one named after the year ⟨samāsaṃjñe: read at 1.7x; the published English lists the śrāddhas as 'Tīrtha, Śrāddha, Gayā Śrāddha, the Mahālaya or Aṣṭakā Śrāddha and the annual Śrāddha', but aṣṭakā is not visible to the reader in this compound⟩ — the sesame-tarpaṇa is to be performed on the following day; but in imitation of a Vṛddhi ⟨vṛdhyanukṛtau: read at 1.7x; vṛddhi is the word the published English names, 'some Vṛddhi or child birth'⟩, if it be that, it is monthly. In the rite called Preta ⟨our mula now reads pretākhye ca, with nothing between the two words.⟩, and for a man whose father is living ⟨our mula now reads dharatpitā, 'whose father is living', dharat being a present participle.⟩, and at a mother's śrāddha, there is no tarpaṇa. Having bathed and purified himself at dawn, and performed the tarpaṇa-rite, he should do the sandhyā and the rest afterwards. ⟨At 7.5x the verse-number is: one FULL-height daṇḍa, then a clean well-formed VISARGA — two separate round dots, correctly aligned, not a smear and not a broken stroke — then 7, then 4, then a clean full ॥. The compositor sets a visarga sort where the second daṇḍa of the opening ॥ belongs.⟩
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "'ढपु"; alternatives "ऽढपु", "ादिषु" — At 5x a small RAISED apostrophe-shaped mark stands between संक्रांत्यां and ढ, higher than an avagraha would sit and much smaller. ढ and पु themselves are unambiguous. संक्रान्त्यादिषु ('on Sankranti and the rest') is what the sense wants and would need ादिषु where ढपु stands.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।।७३।।"; alternatives "॥७३॥" — KEPT AS PRINTED. At 7x, reading left to right: a stray comma-shaped mark at the baseline, then a FULL-height danda, then a HALF-height stroke, then ७, then ३, then another half-height stroke, then a full-height danda. Digits confirmed against the English 'Sloka-73.' below. I have written it with plain dandas because there is no code point for a half-inked one; the shape is described here so that nobody 'corrects' it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "समासंज्ञे"; alternatives "समाख्यसंज्ञे" — Read at 1.7x. The English lists the Sraddhas as 'Tirtha, Sradha, Gaya Sraddha, the Mahalaya or Ashtaka Sraddha and the annual Sradha'; अष्टका (Ashtaka) is not visible to me in this compound.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वृध्यनुकृतौ"; alternatives "वृद्ध्यनुकृतौ" — Read at 1.7x. वृद्धि is the word the English names ('some Vriddhi or child birth').
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ख्ये.च"; alternatives "ख्ये च" — A round dot stands on the baseline between प्रेताख्ये and च, in the position a word-space would occupy - the same defect as page 151 line 4 (यो.श्च). Kept as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads प्रेताख्ये for प्रेताख्ये.च, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "घरतिपिता"; alternatives "ध्रियति पिता", "धरति पिता" — Read at 1.7x. The English says 'A man whose father is alive', so a verb of living/persisting is wanted; the initial sort reads घ rather than ध at this magnification. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रेताख्ये च धरत्पिता; this sentence names घरतिपिता, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।ः७४॥"; alternatives "॥७४॥" — THE DECISIVE MEASUREMENT. At 7.5x this is, left to right: one FULL-height danda, then a clean well-formed VISARGA (two round dots, separate, correctly aligned - not a smear, not a broken stroke), then ७, then ४, then a clean full ॥ of two strokes. Compare page 150 line 17, where the same slot held a mark I could only describe as a short stroke over a dot; this plate shows what that mark actually is. The compositor sets a visarga sort where the second danda of the opening ॥ belongs. Digits confirmed against the English 'Sloka-74.' below.
9.75a reading here is contested प्रत्यःब्दे कृतनित्यतर्पणविधिस्तद्वैश्वदेवं चरन्नन्येनाःयचरूदितेन विहितब्रह्माख्ययज्ञं द्विजः । उद्वाहे व्रतचौलयोर्न विदधीताब्दं तदर्द्धं तिलैः प्रेतत्वे च गयाविधौ तमसि चेत्तौ पुष्पवन्तौ विधिः ॥७५॥
pratyaḥbde kṛtanityatarpaṇavidhistadvaiśvadevaṃ carannanyenāḥyacarūditena vihitabrahmākhyayajñaṃ dvijaḥ | udvāhe vratacaulayorna vidadhītābdaṃ tadarddhaṃ tilaiḥ pretatve ca gayāvidhau tamasi cettau puṣpavantau vidhiḥ ||75||
At the yearly rite ⟨pratyaḥbde, KEPT AS PRINTED: at 7.5x two stacked round blobs stand between tya and bde, the upper smaller and the lower larger, both clearly separate from the surrounding sorts. The word is pratyabde, 'yearly', which the published English confirms, and no visarga belongs there.⟩, having performed the constant tarpaṇa-rite, performing ⟨caran⟩ that vaiśvadeva ⟨the quarter ends on a hyphen and the next line opens with nna, not with an avagraha, so the words are caran anyena; read by eye on the plate⟩ — by another, with the caru as stated ⟨nnanyenāḥya, KEPT AS PRINTED and the cleanest instance on any of these plates: at 7x the mark between nā and ya is an unmistakable visarga, two round dots of equal size, vertically stacked and correctly positioned, standing exactly where the half-form n belongs in anyena + anya⟩, the twice-born performs the enjoined sacrifice called Brahman. At a marriage, at a vow and at a tonsure he should not perform it for a year, or half that with sesame. In the state of a preta, in the Gayā rite, and in darkness — if the two luminaries ⟨puṣpavantau is the dual for sun and moon together, which the published English renders 'the two luminaries are together present'; not a botanical word here⟩ are present, that is the rule.
6 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रत्यःब्दे"; alternatives "प्रत्यब्दे" — KEPT AS PRINTED. At 7.5x, two stacked round blobs stand between त्य and ब्दे - the upper smaller, the lower larger, both clearly separate from the surrounding sorts. The word is प्रत्यब्दे ('yearly'), which the English confirms ('After performing the annual Sraddha'), and no visarga belongs there.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चर—" — Pada ends on a hyphen and the next line opens with an AVAGRAHA: चर— + ऽन्येन = चरान्येन. Same hyphen-then-avagraha pattern as page 151 line 25. [2026-09-23: Refuted on the plate. Read by eye at 3x and 5x (folio 150), the next line does not open with an avagraha: it opens with न्न, its first sort 64 px wide under an unbroken headline with a full stem. So the words are चरन् + अन्येन, and the mūla now reads चरन्नन्येना….]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽन्येनाःय"; alternatives "ऽन्येनान्य" — KEPT AS PRINTED, and this is the cleanest instance on any of my plates. At 7x the mark between ना and य is an unmistakable visarga - two round dots of equal size, vertically stacked, correctly positioned on the baseline-to-x-height axis. It stands exactly where the half-form न् belongs in अन्येन + अन्य. Identical in kind to page 148 line 7 (ऽःत्यजेव for ऽन्त्यजेव), where it also replaced a न् before a य-family consonant. [2026-09-23: The mūla now reads न्नन्येनाःय: the avagraha this note quotes was the earlier reading of the line's first sort, which the plate shows is न्न (see note 1). The visarga between ना and य is unaffected.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चरूदितेन"; alternatives "चरूदितेन", "चरुरुदितेन" — Read at 1.72x, not zoomed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७५॥" — CLEAN here - four full-height strokes, no visarga. Two stanzas on one plate, one with the visarga defect (sloka 74) and one without (sloka 75). So the habit is not mechanical to the forme; it is per-setting.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पुष्पवन्तौ" — पुष्पवन्तौ is the dual for the two luminaries, sun and moon, which the English renders 'the two luminaries are together present'. Not a botanical word here.
9.76a reading here is contested सप्तम्यां रविवासरे जनुषु तौ कुर्यात्तिलैस्तर्पणं, गेहे भानुभृगुप्रभासु सुतनन्दारौ मघायामपि । याम्याग्नाश्वभयोर्मृगादिषु तथा द्वौ द्वेऽयने नो मृदा स्नानं पिण्डविधिं तिलांजलिकृतिं श्रेयोऽर्थनी नाचरेत् ॥७६॥
saptamyāṃ ravivāsare januṣu tau kuryāttilaistarpaṇaṃ, gehe bhānubhṛguprabhāsu sutanandārau maghāyāmapi | yāmyāgnāśvabhayormṛgādiṣu tathā dvau dve'yane no mṛdā snānaṃ piṇḍavidhiṃ tilāṃjalikṛtiṃ śreyo'rthanī nācaret ||76||
On the seventh tithi, on a Sunday, at the births of those two, one should perform the sesame-tarpaṇa ⟨here a LATIN COMMA is printed at the baseline after tarpaṇaṃ, at the end of a Devanāgarī verse line where a daṇḍa or nothing would be expected; read at 3x, it is a comma with the tail curving left and down. There is also a second small dot above and right of the anusvāra. Our mūla now reads kuryāt tilais tarpaṇaṃ, which an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave.⟩ — at home, on the days of the Sun and of Venus, at the son's Nandā, in Maghā too ⟨our mūla now reads maghāyām api, 'in Maghā too', and an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave pa⟩. On Bharaṇī and Kṛttikā, on Aśvinī and Mṛgaśiras and the rest ⟨this compound names nakṣatras BY THEIR PRESIDING DEITIES — yāmya, Yama, for Bharaṇī, and āgna, Agni, for Kṛttikā — beside plain aśva for Aśvinī and mṛga for Mṛgaśiras. The published English spells all four out, which is how the reading could be checked; anyone mining this line for nakṣatra names without the deity convention will find only two of the four.⟩, and likewise on the two ayanas — she who seeks welfare should not perform bathing with earth, the piṇḍa rite, or the performance of the sesame-handfuls.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तर्पणं,"; alternatives "तर्पणं" — A LATIN COMMA is printed at the baseline after तर्पणं, at the end of a Devanagari verse line where a danda or nothing would be expected. Read at 3x; it is a comma, with the tail curving left and down, not a danda and not a broken sort. There is also a second small dot above and right of the anusvara on णं.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुर्यांचिलस्तर्पणं"; alternatives "कुर्यात्तिलस्तर्पणं" — Read at 1.6x across the crop seam. तिलस्तर्पणं ('sesamum-tarpana') is the word used twice already on this plate; चिल here is likely तिल mis-set, but I record the sorts. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads कुर्यात्तिलैस्तर्पणं,; this sentence names कुर्यांचिलस्तर्पणं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's jp2 master page_0152, line 31, at about 1.7x native, and the sort after कुर्या at about 3.2x native. The press sets कुर्यात्तिलैस्तर्पणं, so nothing was mis-set here. There is no anusvāra over या: the mark is the detached teardrop tail of the reph over र्या. The sort read as च is the त्त ligature (NCC 0.953 against the त्त of चेत्तौ, 0.849 against the च्च of तच्चे), and ल carries the ai-mātrā, so the word is तिलैः. The error was in our 2026-09-05 transcription, not in the press.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सुतनन्दारौ"; alternatives "सुतनन्दा रौ" — Read at 1.6x, not zoomed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मघायामदि"; alternatives "मघायामपि" — Read at 3x; the penultimate sort could be द or प. मघा is the naksatra. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads मघायामपि; this sentence names मघायामदि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the sort after मघायाम on the exemplar's jp2 master page_0152 at about 3.2x native. It is प with a thin, broken left limb. It has a full-height right stem (x1896-1908), which no द in this fount has. As a template it matches the पि of पिण्ड (page_0153 line 2) at 0.849, better than any वि (0.817), and no दि on jp2 pages 151-153 is among its twelve best matches. The press sets मघायामपि.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(verse continues)" — The stanza breaks here: only padas 1-2 of sloka 76 are on this plate, closing with a single danda; padas 3-4 and the verse number are on page 153.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "याम्याग्नाश्वभयोर्मृंगादिषु"; alternatives "याम्याग्नाश्वभयोर्मृगादिषु" — An anusvara appears over मृं where मृग (Mrigasiras) is meant. Worth noting for a different reason: this compound names naksatras BY THEIR PRESIDING DEITIES - याम्य (Yama = Bharani) and आग्न (Agni = Krittika) - beside plain अश्व (Aswini) and मृग (Mrigasiras). The English opposite spells all four out ('Aswini, Bharni, Krittika or Mrigasiras'), which is how I could check the reading. Anyone mining this line for naksatra names without the deity convention will find only two of the four. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads याम्याग्नाश्वभयोर्मृगादिषु; this sentence names याम्याग्नाश्वभयोर्मृंगादिषु, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's jp2 master page_0153, line 1, at about 1.6x native and measured the marks above the headline at native. Over र्मृ there is only the reph, a hollow loop with a teardrop tail (x954-982, 499 px), and no separate blob between x985 and x1090. The anusvāra this note saw is the reph's tail; the press sets मृगादिषु.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्वौ द्वेऽयने"; alternatives "द्वे द्वेऽयने" — Read at 1.7x. अयने dual, 'the two Ayanas', which the English confirms.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तिलांजलिवृर्ति"; alternatives "तिलांजलिवृत्ति" — Read across the crop seam at 1.7-1.78x; the conjunct at the join was not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तिलांजलिकृतिं; this sentence names तिलांजलिवृर्ति, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's jp2 master page_0153, line 2, at about 3.5x native, beside वृ and कृ controls from page_0152 line 5. The press sets तिलांजलिवृतिं. The mark read as a reph over ति is a solid round lobe fused to the end of the i-mātrā, the form of the anusvāra of लां on the same line; this fount's reph is a hollow loop with a falling tail. The sort after लि is वृ, not कृ. Our text reads तिलांजलिकृतिं, emending the press on the lexicon, and the exemplar's reading is kept on the ledger.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७६॥" — Clean: four full-height strokes, no visarga in the slot. Digits confirmed against 'Sloka-76.' below.
9.77a reading here is contested श्रीवाणीं प्रणवे विलिख्य दश चोर्ध्वं तत्र तिर्यक्समं रेखा द्वादश राशयो युगमुखे मेषादयो लक्षिताः । पूर्वैस्तेषु विशिष्टसत्फलयुतान्पुण्यात्मभिः कीर्तितान् भावान्देहमुखान् बुधैः फलविदे ब्रूमश्च संज्ञां पुनः ॥७७॥
śrīvāṇīṃ praṇave vilikhya daśa cordhvaṃ tatra tiryaksamaṃ rekhā dvādaśa rāśayo yugamukhe meṣādayo lakṣitāḥ | pūrvaisteṣu viśiṣṭasatphalayutānpuṇyātmabhiḥ kīrtitān bhāvāndehamukhān budhaiḥ phalavide brūmaśca saṃjñāṃ punaḥ ||77||
Having drawn Śrī and Vāṇī within the praṇava, and ten lines above that, and across it equally, the twelve rāśis beginning with Meṣa are marked at the head of the pair ⟨yugamukhe: read at 1.7x; the published English breaks off before this quarter and does not gloss it⟩. Among them, the bhāvas beginning with the body, endowed with the excellent fruits distinguished by the ancients and proclaimed by the holy-souled and the wise — these we declare for the knowledge of results; and we shall state their names again.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "युगमुखे" — Read at 1.7x; not glossed by the English, which breaks off before this pada.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बुधै"; alternatives "बुधैः" — No visarga visible at 1.7x where बुधैः would want one.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥७७॥" — Clean four full strokes; both digits ७, confirmed against 'Sloka-77.' below.
9.78a reading here is contested देहः स्वं सहजः सुखं सुतरिपू जाया तथायुः पिता कर्मायो व्यय इत्यमी पटुतया ज्ञेया ग्रहाः सप्तमम् । पश्यन्त्यत्र तु सप्तमं शनिगुरुक्ष्माजास्तु पूर्णं सदा तार्तीयीकदशत्रिकोणचतुरष्टावार्किजीवारकाः ॥ ७८ ॥
dehaḥ svaṃ sahajaḥ sukhaṃ sutaripū jāyā tathāyuḥ pitā karmāyo vyaya ityamī paṭutayā jñeyā grahāḥ saptamam | paśyantyatra tu saptamaṃ śanigurukṣmājāstu pūrṇaṃ sadā tārtīyīkadaśatrikoṇacaturaṣṭāvārkijīvārakāḥ || 78 ||
Body, wealth, brother, happiness, son, enemy, wife, longevity, father, action, gain, loss — these are to be known by the skilled. The planets look upon the seventh. But Saturn, Jupiter and Mars ⟨kṣmāja, 'earth-born', is Mars; the published English names Saturn, Jupiter and Mars, which fixes the three in order — flagged only because a reader without the synonym will not find Mars here⟩ always look fully on the third and the tenth, the trine, and the fourth and eighth respectively: Saturn ⟨our mula now reads ārki (aṣṭāv ārki-), with no anusvāra.⟩, Jupiter (jīva) and Mars (āra). ⟨These three planet-words are synonyms an unprepared index will miss.⟩
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "देहः स्वं सहजः सुखं सुतरिपू जाया तथायुः पिता" — Read cleanly at 1.7x and checked term by term against the English list below - body, wealth, brother, happiness, son, foe, wife, longevity, father. This is the plainest verse line on any of my ten plates and I have no doubt about it.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "क्ष्माजा" — क्ष्माज ('earth-born') is Mars; the English opposite names Saturn, Jupiter and Mars, which fixes शनि, गुरु and this word in order. Flagged only because a reader without the synonym will not find Mars here.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तार्तीयीकदशश"; alternatives "तार्तीयीकदशम" — Read at 1.7x across the crop seam; the doubled श is odd and was not zoomed. The element means the 3rd and the 10th, which the English confirms. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तार्तीयीकदशत्रिकोणचतुरष्टावार्किजीवारकाः; this sentence names तार्तीयीकदशश, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अर्किंजीवारकाः"; alternatives "अर्किजीवारकाः" — An anusvara stands on अर्किं where अर्कि (Saturn) wants none. The three planet-words are अर्कि (Saturn), जीव (Jupiter), आर (Mars) - three more synonyms a naive index will miss.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ७८ ॥" — Clean, spaced, four full strokes. Digits confirmed against 'Sloka-78.' below.
9.79a reading here is contested सर्वे क्षेमकरात्रिकोणपतय[??]यथांयहन्ते शुभाः सौम्यः केन्द्रपतिः शुभं न दिशति क्रूरोऽशुभं चोत्तरम् । लग्नाद् द्वादशरिक्थपौ सहचरावन्यस्य च स्थानतो दद्यातां फलमष्टमेशशुभदो भाग्यं व्ययाधीश्वरः ॥ ७९ ॥
sarve kṣemakarātrikoṇapataya[??]yathāṃyahante śubhāḥ saumyaḥ kendrapatiḥ śubhaṃ na diśati krūro'śubhaṃ cottaram | lagnād dvādaśarikthapau sahacarāvanyasya ca sthānato dadyātāṃ phalamaṣṭameśaśubhado bhāgyaṃ vyayādhīśvaraḥ || 79 ||
All the lords of the trines that bring welfare are auspicious ⟨between pataya and yathāṃ stand two akṣaras the reader REFUSED to name even at 10x: the first is a STACKED pair of identical elements, each drawn as a horizontal bar with a left downstroke and a short tail descending; his best candidates were ssa or lla but he would not choose. The published English's 'prove auspicious if they occupy the 3rd, 2nd, 11th and Kendra houses' would want the house-words sahaja, sva and āya here, consistent with something like svāya — but that is NOT what he can see.⟩ and bring [good]. A benefic that is lord of a kendra does not give good; a malefic gives what is not good, and more. The lords of the twelfth and of the riktha (the second, the house of wealth) reckoned from the lagna ⟨our mula now reads dvādaśarikthapau; riktha is a name of the second house.⟩, being companions, give their fruit from the place of another. The lord of the eighth ⟨our mula now reads phalam aṣṭameśa-, 'lord of the eighth'.⟩ gives good, and the lord of the twelfth gives fortune.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[??]" — REFUSED. Between पतय and यथां stand two aksaras I cannot name at 10x. The first is a STACKED pair of identical elements, each drawn as a horizontal bar with a left downstroke, with a short tail descending below - my best candidates are स्स or ल्ल but I will not choose. The second reads as an avagraha-like curl joined to य. Page 154, verse-line 1 of sloka 79, original x approximately 1180-1400. The English ('prove auspicious if they occupy the 3rd, 2nd, 11th and Kendra houses') would want the house-words सहज, स्व and आय here, which is consistent with something like स्वाय but is NOT what I can see.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यहन्ते"; alternatives "वहन्ते" — य and व are the candidates for the first sort; वहन्ते ('they bring') suits the English 'prove auspicious'. Read at 5x, not settled.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "थां"; alternatives "थाँ" — The nasal above the ā-stroke is a downward-opening CRESCENT, not the round dot used for anusvara elsewhere - the same form I met on page 143 lines 18 and 30. Two nasal sorts, or candrabindu; still unsettled after three plates.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "द्वादशरिष्थपौ"; alternatives "द्वादशरिष्फपौ", "द्वादशरिःथपौ" — At 5x there is a small stacked half-form between रि and the following sort, which I read as ष्; the sort after it has a rounded left bowl and could be थ or फ. रिष्फ is the technical name of the 12th house, which the English names ('The lords of the 8th and 12th Bhavas'), so रिष्फपौ is the likely word. At 1.7x this looked like a visarga and I recorded it so before zooming - a caution about reading this book at low magnification. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads द्वादशरिक्थपौ; this sentence names द्वादशरिष्थपौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "फलमत्रमेशशुभदो"; alternatives "फलमत्र मृतेशः शुभदो" — At 4.5x the aksara is मे with a plain e-matra and NO subscript ṛ. The English says 'The lord of the 8th gives good results', which wants मृत्येश or मृतेश (lord of death, the 8th). Recorded as set. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads फलमष्टमेशशुभदो for फलमत्रमेशशुभदो, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "व्ययाधीश्वरः" — व्यय is the 12th house; 'the lord of the 12th augurs fortune' in the English. Clean at 1.76x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ७९ ॥" — Clean, spaced, four full strokes; ७ and ९ confirmed against 'Sloka-79.' below.
9.80a reading here is contested सोऽयं चेत्तनुपः शुभो गुरुसितौ केंद्राधिपौ चाशुभौ स्थाने मारकसंज्ञिते यदि गतौ स्यातामुभौ मारकौ । ज्ञस्तादृक् च तथा विभुश्च जनको रन्ध्राधिपौ चेच्छुभौ भूजारस्य पतत्रिकोणपतितामारकत्वे शुभौ नैकतः ॥ ८० ॥
so'yaṃ cettanupaḥ śubho gurusitau keṃdrādhipau cāśubhau sthāne mārakasaṃjñite yadi gatau syātāmubhau mārakau | jñastādṛk ca tathā vibhuśca janako randhrādhipau cecchubhau bhūjārasya patatrikoṇapatitāmārakatve śubhau naikataḥ || 80 ||
If that lord of the body (the lagna-lord) be benefic, and Jupiter and Venus be lords of kendras and so inauspicious, then, if the two have gone to a place called maraka, both are marakas. Mercury ⟨jña: the opening ligature's counter is inked in and its two lower arms are not separately resolved; jña, Mercury, is the only reading that yields a word and it agrees with the facing English, 'Mercury, if similarly situated'⟩ so situated, and likewise the master and the father: if the two lords of the randhra (the 8th) be benefic, then, for one born of Mars, ⟨patatrikoṇapatitā DOES NOT PARSE AS PRINTED: read akṣara by akṣara at 9x it is pa + ta + tri + ko + ṇa, with no i-mātrā on the ta which would give pati- and no visible virāma which would give pat-. Flagged as a probable compositor's error in the edition rather than a reading failure.⟩ in the state of maraka the two benefics are not so from one side alone. ⟨At 8x a clean two-dot VISARGA stands between sya and tā in syātām, 'let the two be', in the position the ā-mātrā should occupy — the seventh occurrence of this sort in an impossible position across these ten plates, and the first where it displaces a VOWEL SIGN rather than a half-consonant or a daṇḍa.⟩
11 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तनुपः" — तनुप = lord of the body = lord of the Lagna. Read at 1.65x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "केंद्राधिपौ"; alternatives "केन्द्राधिपौ" — Set with anusvara here, but with the full न्द conjunct in केन्द्रपतिः eleven lines above (line 21). Both spellings on one plate; kept as each is set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्य:ताम्"; alternatives "स्याताम्" — KEPT AS PRINTED. Verified at 8x: a clean two-dot VISARGA stands between स्य and ता, in the position the ā-matra of स्याताम् ('let the two be') should occupy. This is the SEVENTH occurrence of this sort in an impossible position across my ten plates (143 line 19, 148 line 7, 150 line 17, 152 lines 8, 20 and 21, and here), and the first where it displaces a VOWEL SIGN rather than a half-consonant or a danda. So the habit is not confined to one context.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "(verse continues)" — Only padas 1-2 of sloka 80 are on this plate, closing with a single danda; padas 3-4 and the verse number ॥ ८० ॥ are at the head of page 155.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ज्ञ"; alternatives "ङ्ग", "श्न" — opening ligature; loop-plus-tail form read at 6x. ज्ञ (Mercury) is the only reading that yields a word and it agrees with the facing English ('Mercury, if similarly situated'), but the counter is inked in and the two lower arms are not separately resolved.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "विभुश्च"; alternatives "विधुश्च" — second akshara has a right stem, a mid-height horizontal shelf joining it, and a hook curving below the shelf - the भ pattern. ध in this fount closes its left bowl at the baseline with no mid shelf (compare धि in रन्ध्राधिपौ on this same line). Read भ, but the mid shelf is only ~3 px of clean ink.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "जनको"; alternatives "जनक्को" — a separate blot sits under the क. Compared against other क on the plate it is heavier than the fount's descender; most likely offset/show-through from the line below, not a subscript. Recorded as जनको.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रन्ध्राधिपौ"; alternatives "रन्ध्राधिपौ (न्ध्र stack unverified)" — the न्ध्र stack is a solid black mass at 8x; the न् half-form and the ra-subscript are inferred from the silhouette, not read stroke by stroke.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पतत्रिकोण"; alternatives "पतित्रिकोण", "पत्त्रिकोण" — THIS DOES NOT PARSE AS PRINTED. Read akshara by akshara at 9x: प + त + त्रि + को + ण. There is no i-matra on the त (which would give पति-) and no visible virama (which would give पत्-). Printed as recorded; flagged as a probable compositor's error in the edition rather than a reading failure.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मारकत्वe"; alternatives "माकत्वे" — headbar-gap segmentation of x1368-1611 gives four sorts: 67px (म + a-matra), 26px, 52px (क), 84px (त्वे). The 26px sort is separated from the preceding a-matra by a headbar break, which a bare matra would not have; read as र. Gives मारकत्वे, which the facing English ('they become Marakas or killers') supports.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८० ॥" — the zero is printed as a solid filled disc, not an open ring - the fount's form for Devanagari 0. Verified against the '80' in the English marker below.
9.81a reading here is contested यद्यद्दुर्भगतौ यदीशसहितावेतौ तमःखेचरौ स्यातां तत्फलदायिनौ बलयुतौ केंद्रत्रिकोणेश्वराः । क्षेमं ते ददति प्रसक्तरहिताश्चेदन्यथा ते युताः तौ दुष्टावपि योगतः शुभकरौ सम्बन्धमात्रेण तौ . ॥ ८१ ॥
yadyaddurbhagatau yadīśasahitāvetau tamaḥkhecarau syātāṃ tatphaladāyinau balayutau keṃdratrikoṇeśvarāḥ | kṣemaṃ te dadati prasaktarahitāścedanyathā te yutāḥ tau duṣṭāvapi yogataḥ śubhakarau sambandhamātreṇa tau . || 81 ||
In whatever evil sign these two shadowy planets stand ⟨our mūla now reads yadyad-durbha-gatau, 'placed in whatever evil sign', which an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave for the opening the earlier reader refused⟩, and with whatever lord they are joined, they become givers of that fruit. The lords of the kendras and trines, when possessed of strength, grant welfare — provided they are free of attachment; if it is otherwise, and they are joined, then those two, though evil, become makers of good by the yoga, by mere connection. ⟨A stray baseline DOT stands between the final tau and the opening daṇḍa of the verse marker, with a word-space on each side — the third kind of intrusive mark met in this printing.⟩
10 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[??]"; alternatives "द्वा", "द्भू", "द्यु", "द्दु" — REFUSED. Headbar segmentation gives sorts at x348-403 (य), 407-528 (a 122px block that resolves into TWO sub-sorts, the right one carrying a descender vowel), 539-587 (दु), 596-656 (र्भ, repha above), 660-719 (ग), 744-802 (नौ). The metre is sardulavikridita and the remainder of the line scans exactly, which forces the second syllable to be GURU - so the descender is a long u or a vocalic r, not a short u. I could not resolve the two sorts inside the 122px block at any magnification or threshold; the ink is fused. Not guessed. [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's 8-bit jp2 master page_0155, line 35, at about 2.7x and 6.2x native. The 122-px block is द्य followed by द्, and the descender seen in it is the long diagonal virāma of द्, not a vowel sign. The page sets यद्यद्दुर्भगतौ, and our mūla now reads so. This reader's finding that the second syllable is heavy stands: यद् before द्द.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "र्भ"; alternatives "र्म", "भं" — the mark above is a comma-shaped hook, not the solid round dot this fount uses for anusvara (compare the anusvara over स्यातां and कें on the next line). Read as repha.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गनौ"; alternatives "गतौ" — tested directly: the final akshara was cropped beside the known तौ of बलयुतौ and the known नौ of दायिनौ on the line below. Its left element matches नौ (top-left horizontal arm dropping to a stem) and not तौ (bottom-left rounded hook). Read नौ although गतौ would read better as sense. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads यद्यद्दुर्भगतौ; this sentence names गनौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the final akṣara on the exemplar's jp2 master page_0155 at about 4.0x native, and at about 5.8x native with gamma 2.2, beside the नौ of दायिनौ and the तौ of बलयुतौ on the line below. It is तौ. Its bar sits directly under the headline, and the lower-left side of its bowl is printed faintly (grey 99 to 225) on the same diagonal as the त of बलयुतौ, down to the stem foot. The न of दायिनौ has a lower, thicker bar and a solid knob that stops above the stem foot. The upper arm this note compared is the same in both sorts.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "सहितावेतौ"; alternatives "सहितावेडौ" — final base read त at 9x; at low magnification it can be taken for ड. सahitau + etau > सहितावेतौ is the sandhi the shapes support.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "बलयुतौ"; alternatives "वलयुतौ" — ba/va counter test applied at 8x: the bowl carries an internal stroke, so ब not व.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "केंद्र"; alternatives "केन्द्र" — printed with anusvara over क plus the e-matra, not with a न् half-form. An orthographic feature of this edition, kept as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।"; alternatives "॥" — a SINGLE danda closes this line - the verse is unfinished and runs on to the next plate. Only one vertical stroke is present at 8x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्रसक्तरहितांश्चेद्"; alternatives "प्रसक्तरहिताश्चेद्" — An anusvara stands on the ā of रहितां where the nominative plural रहिताः would want none. Read at 1.68x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads प्रसक्तरहिताश्चेदन्यथा; this sentence names रहितां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's 8-bit jp2 master page_0156, line 1, at about 4.0x native, and measured the marks above the headline at grey <160, <200 and <230. The page carries no anusvāra on ता. The one mark over this stretch is the e-mātrā of श्चे, the shape and size of the e-mātrās of the two ते on the same line. The anusvāra of क्षेमं on that line is a round dot of 245 px, and nothing like it stands over ता. The press sets प्रसक्तरहिताश्चेदन्यथा.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तौ . ॥"; alternatives "तौ ॥" — A stray baseline DOT stands between the final तौ and the opening danda of the verse marker, with a word-space on each side. Read at 1.78x. It is the third kind of intrusive mark I have met in this printing, after the baseline dot inside words (page 151 line 4, page 152 line 7) and the two-dot visarga.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८१ ॥" — ८ and १ clean and spaced; confirmed against 'Sloka-81.' below.
9.82a reading here is contested तौ धर्मे यदि कर्मणि स्थितियुजौ व्यत्यासतो वा स्थितौ योगं तौ कुरुतस्त्रिकोणपतिना योगोऽपि सौख्यप्रदः । सौख्यं योगकृतोर्दशास्वपि भवेच्चैतद्युजां श्रेयसां सम्बन्धादथ योगिनोऽशुभकृतां भुक्ताशुभं योगजम् ॥ ८२ ॥
tau dharme yadi karmaṇi sthitiyujau vyatyāsato vā sthitau yogaṃ tau kurutastrikoṇapatinā yogo'pi saukhyapradaḥ | saukhyaṃ yogakṛtordaśāsvapi bhaveccaitadyujāṃ śreyasāṃ sambandhādatha yogino'śubhakṛtāṃ bhuktāśubhaṃ yogajam || 82 ||
If those two stand in the 9th (dharma) or in the 10th (karma) ⟨dharma is the 9th house and karma the 10th — the published English says '9th or the 10th'; these are house-names here, not the ordinary words, and are flagged for anyone indexing the verse⟩, joined in position, or standing crosswise, then the two make a yoga; and a yoga with the lord of a trine also gives happiness. Happiness comes in the daśās of the makers of yoga too ⟨our mula now reads daśāsvapi, 'in the daśās too'.⟩, and of the auspicious ones joined with them; and from connection, then, the yoga-giver of the makers of evil gives the evil produced by that yoga when it is enjoyed.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्थितियुज्ञौ"; alternatives "स्थितियुजौ", "स्थितियुक्तौ" — The conjunct read at 1.66x looks like ज्ञ; स्थितियुजौ ('the two joined in position') is what the sense wants. Not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्थितियुजौ; this sentence names स्थितियुज्ञौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धर्मे ... कर्मणि" — धर्म is the 9th house and कर्म the 10th - the English says '9th or the 10th'. House-names, not the ordinary words; flagged for anyone indexing the verse.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दंशास्वपि"; alternatives "दशास्वपि" — An anusvara on दं where दशासु ('in the dasas', which the English names) wants none. Read at 1.66x. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads योगकृतोर्दशास्वपि; this sentence names दंशास्वपि, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "भवेच्चेत्तयुजां" — Read across the crop seam at 1.66/1.74x; not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads भवेच्चैतद्युजां; this sentence names भवेच्चेत्तयुजां, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८२ ॥" — Clean, four full strokes, spaced; confirmed against 'Sloka-82.' below.
9.83a reading here is contested युज्येतां तु तमोग्रहौ शुभफलौ केंद्रे त्रिकोणेऽथवा तन्नाथेन युतौ त्रिकोणपतिना केंद्राधिनाथेन वा ॥ धर्मेंट्कर्मपती न रन्ध्रशिवपौ तन्नाःथयोगेन वा योगो नैव नरस्य चाष्टममिति स्थानं तदेवायुषः ॥ ८३ ॥
yujyetāṃ tu tamograhau śubhaphalau keṃdre trikoṇe'thavā tannāthena yutau trikoṇapatinā keṃdrādhināthena vā || dharmeṃṭkarmapatī na randhraśivapau tannāḥthayogena vā yogo naiva narasya cāṣṭamamiti sthānaṃ tadevāyuṣaḥ || 83 ||
Let the two shadowy planets ⟨tamograha, 'darkness-planet', is this verse's word for Rāhu and Ketu; the published English renders it 'the two dark planets' — a synonym an index will miss⟩ be joined so as to give auspicious fruit, in a kendra or in a trine, joined with its lord, or with the lord of a trine, or with the lord of a kendra. ⟨This second quarter closes with a DOUBLE daṇḍa, verified at 5x, where every other second quarter on these ten plates closes with a single one; kept as printed.⟩ The lords of the 9th and 10th are not [also] the two lords of randhra (the 8th) and of śiva (the 11th) ⟨śiva, a name of Rudra, stands for eleven, the number of the Rudras; the same rule in Laghu Pārāśarī 1.22 names the 11th lābha⟩; or by a yoga with its lord ⟨at 8x a clean two-dot VISARGA stands between nā and tha in tannātha-. Two printed lines above, in the same stanza, the identical element tannātha- is set WITHOUT it, checked at 7.5x for exactly this reason. Same word, same stanza, same forme: one clean, one not. This is a compositor's error demonstrated rather than argued, and it settles what the two-dot sort is at all nine of its occurrences across these plates. Record it, never emend it silently, and never dignify it as a manuscript variant.⟩ — there is no yoga at all for the man; and the eighth, so called, is that very place of longevity.
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तमोग्रहौ" — तमोग्रह ('darkness-planet') is the verse's word for Rahu and Ketu; the English renders it 'the two dark planets'. A synonym an index will miss.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तन्नाथेन" — VERIFIED CLEAN AT 7.5x: त + न्ना + थे + न, with NOTHING between ना and थे. This is the control for line 28 below, where the same element carries an intrusive visarga.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वा ॥"; alternatives "वा ।" — This pada 2 closes with a DOUBLE danda, verified at 5x - two full-height strokes. Every other pada 2 in my ten plates closes with a single danda. Kept as printed; do not normalise it to ।.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "केंद्राधिनाथेन" — The third spelling of kendra in three plates: केन्द्रपतिः (154 line 21), केंद्राधिपौ (154 line 33), केंद्राधिनाथेन here. Anusvara and the न्द conjunct alternate freely.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तन्नाःथयोगेन"; alternatives "तन्नाथयोगेन" — THE DECISIVE CASE. At 8x a clean, well-formed two-dot VISARGA stands between ना and थ. Two printed lines above, in line 27 of this same stanza, the identical element तन्नाथ- is set WITHOUT it - I checked that one at 7.5x for exactly this reason. Same word, same stanza, same forme: one clean, one not. This is compositor's error, demonstrated rather than argued, and it settles what the two-dot sort is at all nine of its occurrences across my plates (143 line 19, 148 line 7, 150 line 17, 152 lines 8, 20, 21, 154 lines 22 and 34, and here). Record it, never emend it silently, and never dignify it as a manuscript variant. [2026-09-23: A plate ruling measured this sort on the exemplar's 8-bit jp2 master page_0156, store line 27. Between ना (x 1310-1432) and थ (x 1466-1739) stand two separate dots at x 1437-1456 (20x25 px, area 345, and 16x40 px, area 457), the size of the visarga of तमः on page_0155 line 35. तन्नाथेन on store line 26 is one unbroken component. The measurement agrees with this note, and the letters of our text there stand.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धर्मेंट्कर्मपती"; alternatives "धर्मेद्कर्मपती", "धर्मकर्मपती" — At 5.5x the third aksara is a ट-shaped sort carrying a virama stroke below, and there are TWO marks above the preceding र्में (a repha hook and an anusvara) as well as the e-matra. धर्मकर्मपती - the lords of the 9th and 10th - is what the sense and the previous stanza want. Recorded as the sorts stand.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "रन्ध्रशिववृषौ" — रन्ध्र is the 8th house. Read at 1.55x, not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads रन्ध्रशिवपौ; this sentence names रन्ध्रशिववृषौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's 8-bit jp2 master page_0156, line 27, at about 3.5x native. The page sets रन्ध्रशिवपौ in five sorts: रन्, ध्र, शि, व, पौ. Nothing hangs under the व, and the last consonant is a U-shaped bowl, closed and hollow, with no diagonal cross-stroke: the प of this fount, not ष. The reading रन्ध्रशिववृषौ added a syllable the page does not carry.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८३ ॥" — Clean, four full strokes; ८ and ३ confirmed against 'Sloka-83.' below.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चाष्टममिति" — अष्टम is the 8th; the line ends 'that same place is of longevity' (आयुषः), which is the standard 8th-house doctrine. The English for this pada is on plate 157, not here.
9.84a reading here is contested तस्मादष्टममप्यभू[??]निः[?]नामायुः प्रदं कीर्तितं शास्त्रज्ञैरसकृद्व्ययस्तु च तयोः स्यान्मारकस्थानकः । आद्यादुत्तरमुत्तरं तदधिपात्त्रत्यपापः स्मृतः तत्संयुक्तदशावशादभिभवः साक्षाद्व्ययेशस्य वा ॥ ८४ ॥
tasmādaṣṭamamapyabhū[??]niḥ[?]nāmāyuḥ pradaṃ kīrtitaṃ śāstrajñairasakṛdvyayastu ca tayoḥ syānmārakasthānakaḥ | ādyāduttaramuttaraṃ tadadhipāttratyapāpaḥ smṛtaḥ tatsaṃyuktadaśāvaśādabhibhavaḥ sākṣādvyayeśasya vā || 84 ||
Therefore the eighth too ⟨the cluster after abhū is a stacked conjunct whose members have run together into a solid mass at 6.5x; the reader can see it is two consonants deep and can name neither. REFUSED.⟩ ⟨after that cluster he reads ni, then a clean two-dot mark, then a SEPARATE small curved mark sitting below the line, unattached to either neighbour; PARTLY REFUSED⟩ is declared to be the giver of longevity by those who know the śāstra, again and again ⟨our mula now reads śāstrajñair asakṛd.⟩; but as for the twelfth of those two, it is the maraka-place. From the first, each next in turn ⟨our mula now reads ādyād uttaram uttaraṃ, 'from the first, the next and the next'.⟩. From its lord ⟨our mula now reads tadadhipāt, 'from its lord'; the next word, -tratyapāpaḥ, is one syllable short of tatratya-, 'situated there'.⟩, the malefic situated there is remembered [as such]. Defeat comes by force of the daśā of one joined with it ⟨our mula now reads tatsaṃyuktadaśāvaśād abhibhavaḥ.⟩, or directly of the lord of the 12th.
10 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[??]" — REFUSED. At 6.5x the cluster after अभू is a stacked conjunct whose members have run together into a solid mass; I can see it is two consonants deep and can name neither. Page 157, verse-line 1 of sloka 84, original x approximately 900-1000.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "निः[?]ना" — PARTLY REFUSED. After the cluster I read नि followed by a clean two-dot mark, and then a SEPARATE small curved mark sitting below the line before ना - unattached to either neighbour. The English says the 8th from the 8th 'denotes longevity', so आयुः प्रदं at the end of the line is secure; the element before it is not. Recorded with the marks named and not resolved.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आयु प्रदं"; alternatives "आयुः प्रदं" — No visarga visible on आयु at 1.65x, though the compound wants one.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "[??]" — REFUSED. The two aksaras after शा are over-inked into one black mass at 6x, with at least two unidentifiable marks riding above the headline. शास्त्र- would be the obvious word but I can neither confirm nor supply it. Page 157, verse-line 2 of sloka 84, original x approximately 520-700.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "स्यान्मारकस्थानकः" — Clean at 1.78x; मारकस्थान is the Maraka house, which the English names.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आद्या।दुत्तग्मुत्तरं" — As printed at 1.65x, and it contains what looks like a DANDA in mid-word between आद्या and दुत्त. I cannot construe the sequence and I did not zoom it; the whole element is flagged as unresolved rather than transcribed with confidence. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads आद्यादुत्तरमुत्तरं; this sentence names आद्या।दुत्तग्मुत्तरं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तद्धिपात्त्रत्यपापः"; alternatives "तद्द्वादशपात्..." — Read at 1.65x, not zoomed. The English at this point speaks of 'the 12th place reckoned from each of these'. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तदधिपात्त्रत्यपापः; this sentence names तद्धिपात्त्रत्यपापः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तत्संयुक्तद्शावशादमिमव्रः" — Read at 1.65x across a badly inked stretch; not construable and not zoomed. Treat as unverified. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads तत्संयुक्तदशावशादभिभवः; this sentence names तत्संयुक्तद्शावशादमिमव्रः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "साक्षाद्व्ययेशस्य" — Clean at 1.78x; व्ययेश is the lord of the 12th, which the English names.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८४ ॥" — Clean, spaced, four full strokes; digits confirmed against 'Sloka-84.' below.
9.85a reading here is contested सम्बन्धाद्व्ययनायकस्य शुभकृद्भुक्तौ च रन्ध्रेशितुः पापानां तु दशासु मारकयुतो मन्दो विहायेतरान् । हन्ता सर्वखगाः स्वभुक्तिषु नृणां दद्युः फलम् तादृशं ये वा येन सधर्मिणश्च सहिता दद्युः स्वभुक्तौ फलम् ८५॥
sambandhādvyayanāyakasya śubhakṛdbhuktau ca randhreśituḥ pāpānāṃ tu daśāsu mārakayuto mando vihāyetarān | hantā sarvakhagāḥ svabhuktiṣu nṛṇāṃ dadyuḥ phalam tādṛśaṃ ye vā yena sadharmiṇaśca sahitā dadyuḥ svabhuktau phalam 85||
From connection with the lord of the 12th it is good-making, and in the enjoyment of the lord of the 8th ⟨vyayanāyaka is the lord of the 12th and randhreśitṛ the lord of the 8th; the published English says 'the lord of the 8th or the 12th'⟩. But in the daśās of the malefics, Saturn ⟨manda, 'the slow one', is Saturn — the published English reads 'Saturn alone'. The whole doctrinal point of the stanza rests on this synonym, which no index of planet names will catch unless it knows the convention.⟩, joined with a maraka, leaving the others aside, is the killer. All the planets, in their own periods, give men such fruit as that; or those planets which are joined with one of like nature give their fruit in their own period. ⟨The verse-number is set with NO OPENING DAṆḌA of any kind — verified at 7x: after phalam a wide word-space, then 8, then 5, then a clean full ॥. Verses 84 and 86 on this same plate both close with a clean spaced ॥ NN ॥, so this is a setting slip, not a house style. A parser requiring daṇḍas on both sides of the digits loses this verse.⟩
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "व्ययनायकस्य ... रन्ध्रेशितुः" — व्ययनायक is the lord of the 12th and रन्ध्रेशितृ the lord of the 8th - the English says 'the lord of the 8th or the 12th house'. Both read cleanly at 1.66/1.72x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मन्दो" — मन्द ('the slow one') is Saturn - the English opposite reads 'Saturn alone'. The whole doctrinal point of the stanza rests on this synonym, which no index of planet names will catch unless it knows the convention.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "फलम् तादृशं"; alternatives "फलं तादृशं" — Printed with a visible virama on फलम् and a word-space before तादृशं. Kept as set.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "फलम् ८५॥"; alternatives "फलम् ॥ ८५ ॥" — KEPT AS PRINTED, and it is a form I have not met elsewhere. Verified at 7x: after फलम् there is a wide word-space, then ८, then ५, then a clean full ॥ of two strokes - and NO OPENING DANDA of any kind. Not a broken one, not a faint one: nothing. Sloka 84 eleven lines above and sloka 86 eight lines below both close with a clean spaced ॥ NN ॥ on this same plate, so this is a setting slip, not a house style. A parser requiring dandas on both sides of the digits loses this verse.
9.86a reading here is contested अन्येषां तु दशाधिनाथविमतानामानुगुण्येन तत् कार्यं चौह्यममुष्य भुक्तिषु दशा कोणेश्वरस्यापि या । तस्यां केन्द्रपतेः शुभं न हि शुभं सम्बन्धमात्रे शुभैः भुक्तौ मारकखेचरस्य यदि तद्योगस्य चारंभतः ॥ ८६ ॥
anyeṣāṃ tu daśādhināthavimatānāmānuguṇyena tat kāryaṃ cauhyamamuṣya bhuktiṣu daśā koṇeśvarasyāpi yā | tasyāṃ kendrapateḥ śubhaṃ na hi śubhaṃ sambandhamātre śubhaiḥ bhuktau mārakakhecarasya yadi tadyogasya cāraṃbhataḥ || 86 ||
For others ⟨our mula now reads anyeṣāṃ, 'of others'.⟩ whose lord of the daśā is not approved, that is to be done by conformity ⟨our mula now reads vimatānām ānuguṇyena, a genitive plural and 'conformity'.⟩; and it is to be inferred for him in the bhuktis ⟨our mula now reads cauhyam amuṣya, ca + ūhyam + amuṣya.⟩. Whatever daśā be that of the lord of a trine — in it the lord of a kendra gives good, but not good if it is merely connection with benefics. And in the bhukti of a maraka planet, if it is from the beginning of that yoga.
7 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "अ.येषां"; alternatives "अथ येषां" — A small round dot stands on the baseline between अ and येषां, in the position a consonant or a word-space would take. अथ येषां is the obvious phrase. This is the same intrusive-baseline-dot defect as page 151 line 4, page 152 line 7 and page 156 line 3 - four occurrences of it across my plates, distinct from the two-dot visarga defect. Read at 1.65x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "दशाधिनाथविमतानानुगुण्येन" — A long unbroken compound read at 1.65x; not zoomed and not segmented by me. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads दशाधिनाथविमतानामानुगुण्येन; this sentence names दशाधिनाथविमतानानुगुण्येन, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चोच्चममुप्य"; alternatives "चोच्चमनुप्य", "चोच्चमुपेत्य" — Read at 1.65x; the double च conjunct and what follows were not zoomed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads चौह्यममुष्य; this sentence names चोच्चममुप्य, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "यां ।"; alternatives "या ।" — The anusvara here is a small dot high above the ā-stroke and the danda after it is noticeably thinner than the dandas elsewhere on the plate. Read at 1.72x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "केन्द्रपतेः"; alternatives "केंद्रपतेः" — Set with the full न्द conjunct here, as at page 154 line 21, against the anusvara spellings at page 154 line 33 and page 156 line 27. Four spellings of kendra across four plates; none is emended.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मारकखेचरस्य" — खेचर ('sky-goer') is another synonym for planet, alongside ग्रह, खग and तमोग्रह used earlier in this run. Clean at 1.65x.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥ ८६ ॥" — Clean, spaced, four full strokes; ८ and ६ confirmed against the sequence 84-85-86, each of whose English locators is printed on this plate or the next. This stanza is COMPLETE on this plate - the only one of my ten that neither opens nor closes across a plate break.
9.87a reading here is contested भुक्तिः पापखगस्य तत्प्रथयति प्राचां च सम्बन्धतः श्रेयस्तुल्यतया युजामपि न किं योगेश्वराः स्वायुजः । भुक्तौ योगफलप्रदाः शुभफलौ स्यातां तमःखेटिनौ सङ्क्रान्तोपगतौ तदीशितृशुभैः संबन्धभाजौ परम् ॥ ८७ ॥
bhuktiḥ pāpakhagasya tatprathayati prācāṃ ca sambandhataḥ śreyastulyatayā yujāmapi na kiṃ yogeśvarāḥ svāyujaḥ | bhuktau yogaphalapradāḥ śubhaphalau syātāṃ tamaḥkheṭinau saṅkrāntopagatau tadīśitṛśubhaiḥ saṃbandhabhājau param || 87 ||
The bhukti of a malefic planet spreads that abroad; and from connection with the aforesaid ⟨prācāṃ: the mark above the ā-mātrā of cā is a small solid wedge, about 32 by 27 pixels, widest at the headline and tapering to a point. At 8-14x it matches NEITHER this plate's anusvāra over an ā-mātrā, which is a round ball on a stem, NOR the repha, which is an open leftward crook, NOR the o/au signs, which are large leaning hooks. Read prācāṃ because the quarter scans as perfect śārdūlavikrīḍita only with a heavy 14th syllable and a light 15th, and because Śāstrī's facing rendering has 'the aforesaid planet'. The glyph itself is unresolved.⟩. Why should the lords of the yoga, even when joined in equal welfare and joined with their own [houses], not do so too? In the bhukti they give the fruit of the yoga. The two shadowy planets become givers of auspicious fruit if they have entered a saṅkrānti and share connection with the benefics that rule them.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "प्राचां"; alternatives "प्राचौ", "प्रार्चा" — the mark above the aa-matra of चा is a small solid wedge (~32x27 px), widest at the headline and tapering to a point. At 8-14x it matches NEITHER the plate's anusvara over an aa-matra, which is a round ball on a stem (cf. स्यातां l.12, पापानां l.24), NOR the repha, which is an open leftward crook (cf. धर्मे and र्का on plate 159), NOR the ो/ौ signs, which are large leaning hooks (cf. भुक्तौ, यो l.12). Read प्राचां because (i) the pada scans as perfect Shardulavikridita only with a heavy 14th syllable and a light 15th (च), and (ii) Sastri's facing rendering has 'the aforesaid planet'. The glyph itself is unresolved.
9.88a reading here is contested आरूढौ च शुभेन केन सहितावाप्यन्तरे पापिनोः पापानां तदसंयुजां शुभफलं तद्भुक्तयो भुक्तिदाः । मिश्रं योगकृतः फलं तदयुजोऽप्यत्यन्तपापं फलं हन्ता हंति शुभान्वयेन तु निहन्त्येवान्यभुक्तौ मिथः ॥८८॥
ārūḍhau ca śubhena kena sahitāvāpyantare pāpinoḥ pāpānāṃ tadasaṃyujāṃ śubhaphalaṃ tadbhuktayo bhuktidāḥ | miśraṃ yogakṛtaḥ phalaṃ tadayujo'pyatyantapāpaṃ phalaṃ hantā haṃti śubhānvayena tu nihantyevānyabhuktau mithaḥ ||88||
Mounted, and joined with some benefic, or in the interval between two malefics — the fruit of the malefics not so joined is auspicious, and their bhuktis are bhukti-givers. The fruit of a maker of yoga is mixed; and the fruit of one not joined with it is exceedingly evil. The killer kills; but by association with benefics it kills only in the bhukti of another, and mutually. ⟨A small detached comma-like mark is printed below and right of the da in tadasaṃyujāṃ and again in tadayujo. If it were a virāma the quarter would be one syllable short and heavy where śārdūlavikrīḍita requires light; it is read as an editorial mark, in both places where tad + a- has coalesced, and is not transcribed.⟩
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तदसंयुजां"; alternatives "तद्संयुजां" — a small detached comma-like mark is printed below and right of द. If it were a virama the pada would be one syllable short and positions 4-5 heavy where Shardulavikridita requires light; read as an editorial mark (the same mark stands under द in तदयुजो l.25, both places where tad + a- has coalesced), not transcribed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तद्भुक्तयो"; alternatives "तंद्भुक्तयो" — a very small high dot stands over त, far smaller than this plate's anusvara (cf. सं in the same line); read as a speck of broken type, and the metre wants no anusvara there
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "फलं" — second word of the line: besides the anusvara dot a second superscript mark shaped like a small '3' or an avagraha stands to its right, higher than the anusvara. Not identified; not transcribed. There is no footnote on the plate it could refer to.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तदयुजो"; alternatives "तद्युजो" — same detached comma below द as in l.24; the pada scans as perfect Shardulavikridita only as तदयुजो
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हंति"; alternatives "हन्ति" — printed with anusvara, not the न् conjunct; recorded as printed
9.89a reading here is contested भुक्तौ सूर्यजपार्थिवौ प्रदिशतो व्यत्यासतः स्वं फलं राश्यब्जाधिपती मिथः श्रयगतौ तद्राजयोगप्रदौ । धर्मेट्कर्मपती मिथःस्थितयुजौ तद्राजयोगप्रदौ लग्ने लग्नमुदीक्ष्य तद्ग्रहफलं वक्ष्येऽथ जिज्ञासितः ॥८९॥
bhuktau sūryajapārthivau pradiśato vyatyāsataḥ svaṃ phalaṃ rāśyabjādhipatī mithaḥ śrayagatau tadrājayogapradau | dharmeṭkarmapatī mithaḥsthitayujau tadrājayogapradau lagne lagnamudīkṣya tadgrahaphalaṃ vakṣye'tha jijñāsitaḥ ||89||
In the bhukti, Saturn (son of the Sun) and Mars (lord of the earth) give each other's fruit crosswise. The lords of the rāśi and of the [navāṃśa] mutually resorted to become givers of the rājayoga. The lords of the 9th and 10th ⟨our mūla now reads dharmeṭ-karmapatī, the lord of dharma (the 9th) and the lord of karma (the 10th); an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave dharmeṭkapatī, and rma is supplied on the metre⟩, joined in mutual position, are givers of the rājayoga. Having looked at the lagna from the lagna, we shall now, being asked, state the fruit of the planets there.
2 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "धर्मेट्रकपती"; alternatives "धर्मेद्रकपती", "धर्मेत्रकपती", "धर्मेड्रकपती", "धर्मेट्टकपती" — THIRD CLUSTER UNRESOLVED at 9x. The word is set in six clusters: ध | र्मे (repha + e-matra) | X | क | प | ती. X has a bowl-topped body attached to the headline and a bold tail sweeping below the baseline (a subscript ra, or a u/ri sign). No reading I can make yields a Sanskrit word, and none scans: Sardulavikridita requires - - - u u - here, so syllable 3 must be heavy, and every candidate leaves it light. Sastri's facing rendering says 'the lords of the 9th and 10th', which would want something like dharma-/karma-, and the printed letters do not give it. Treat this word as unread, not as scripture. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads धर्मेट्कर्मपती; this sentence names धर्मेट्रकपती, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's jp2 master page_0159, line 5, at about 3.4x native, and again at about 3.2x native beside the 9.83 word on page_0156. The third cluster is ट with this fount's hooked virāma under it; there is no र under it and no repha over क or प. It is the same sort that this reader read as ट् in धर्मेंट्कर्मपती at 9.83 (a sort match of 0.90). So the press sets धर्मेट्कपती, which leaves pāda 3 at 18 syllables with a light third syllable. Our mūla reads धर्मेट्कर्मपती, restoring र्म on the metre: धर्म-ईट् + कर्मपती, the lord of the 9th and the lord of the 10th. The word is no longer unread.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "जिज्ञ सितः"; alternatives "जिज्ञसितः" — printed with a word space between ज्ञ and सि; recorded as printed [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads जिज्ञासितः. The plate ruling of 2026-09-23 confirmed that the press sets जिज्ञ सितः, with a real space and no ā; our text emends it on the metre, which needs a heavy 17th syllable, and the desiderative is what वक्ष्ये governs.]
9.90a reading here is contested पापो ज्ञोऽर्कगुरू शुभौ च शुभकृद्योगः शनीज्यौ परात् पापत्वं च गुरोः कविर्मृतिफलं दद्यान्न मन्दादयः । हन्तारो यदि पापिनः फलमिदं ज्ञेयं हि मेषोद्भवे जीवो भार्गवशीतगू अशुभदा मन्दो रविस्तौ शुभौ ॥९०॥
pāpo jño'rkagurū śubhau ca śubhakṛdyogaḥ śanījyau parāt pāpatvaṃ ca guroḥ kavirmṛtiphalaṃ dadyānna mandādayaḥ | hantāro yadi pāpinaḥ phalamidaṃ jñeyaṃ hi meṣodbhave jīvo bhārgavaśītagū aśubhadā mando ravistau śubhau ||90||
Mercury is a malefic; the Sun and Jupiter are benefics; and Saturn with Jupiter is a maker of auspicious yoga, from beyond. Jupiter takes on malefic nature, and Venus gives the fruit of death; Saturn and the rest do not. If the killers be malefics, this fruit is to be known for one born in Meṣa. Jupiter, Venus and the cool-rayed Moon are givers of the inauspicious; Saturn and the Sun are the two benefics.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ज्ञोऽर्कगुरू"; alternatives "ज्ञोऽर्कंगुरू" — the mark over क is the repha in its LOOP form (identical to the repha of सूर्य in line 4), not an anusvara; the anusvara on this plate is a solid round ball (cf. पापत्वं line 19). The metre confirms 'rka' light.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "फलमिदं" — a small dot stands under the फ (as it does under फ in 158.25). Recorded as a defect of the sort/a speck, not transcribed; Sanskrit has no फ़.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥९०॥" — the opening double danda is printed with the first stroke short and thin; recorded as printed
9.91a reading here is contested मन्दो राशिसुखप्रदः खलु न चैकेऽप्येव जीवादयो घ्नंति स्युर्यदि मारका वृषभुवां भौमाङ्गिरोऽर्का द्विषः । योगः पूर्ववदेव तस्य शशभृन्मालं निहन्तुं परे एवं द्वन्द्वभवस्य भार्गवबुधौ पापौ कुजेज्यौ शुभौ ॥९१॥
mando rāśisukhapradaḥ khalu na caike'pyeva jīvādayo ghnaṃti syuryadi mārakā vṛṣabhuvāṃ bhaumāṅgiro'rkā dviṣaḥ | yogaḥ pūrvavadeva tasya śaśabhṛnmālaṃ nihantuṃ pare evaṃ dvandvabhavasya bhārgavabudhau pāpau kujejyau śubhau ||91||
Saturn is indeed the giver of happiness to the rāśi ⟨our mūla now reads rāśi-sukha-pradaḥ; an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave su, not mu, and found no legible sort before da, where pra is supplied on the metre⟩; and not one of Jupiter and the rest kills ⟨our mūla now reads ghnaṃti, 'they kill', the plural that jīvādayaḥ needs, which an eye reading of the plate on 2026-09-23 gave where the earlier reader saw a blank⟩. If they be marakas, then for those born in Vṛṣabha, Mars, Jupiter and the Sun are the enemies. The yoga is exactly as before; and for the hare-marked Moon ⟨śaśabhṛn-mālaṃ: the ligature after bhṛ is read n-ma but could be jña at this impression⟩ to be slain by others… So, for one born in the pair-sign (Mithuna), Venus and Mercury are malefics, and Mars and Jupiter are benefics.
4 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "राशिमुख[?]दः"; alternatives "राशिमुखःदः", "राशिमुखंदः", "राशिमुखऽदः" — REFUSED. Between ख and द stands a mark of two stacked blobs - a small round dot above and a solid wedge below - which is NOT this plate's visarga (two equal round dots, as in the दः immediately following) and NOT its anusvara (one round ball). It is either a broken sort or an editorial mark. The metre (Sardulavikridita) needs one LIGHT syllable in this position, which neither a visarga nor an anusvara would give, so the reading is left open. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads राशिसुखप्रदः; this sentence names राशिमुख, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-23 corrected it, and it is kept as history.] [2026-09-23: The plate ruling read the exemplar's jp2 master page_0159, line 30, at about 3.1x to 4.6x native. The sort before ख is सु, not मु (0.93 against the सु of सुरेज्य at 9.92, 0.62 against the मु of लग्नमुदीक्ष्य). The two blobs stand in a slot one akṣara wide (58 px) with no headline over it, and carry 577 dark pixels, a quarter of the द beside them. They are a fragment of a sort that did not print, not an editorial mark. Our mūla reads राशिसुखप्रदः, with प्र supplied on the metre, which needs one light syllable there.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ंति"; alternatives "हंति", "हन्ति" — the line begins with a bare anusvara over a blank, then ति: the ह has not printed (only a stub of its stem is inked at the headline). Metre and sense require hanti, and the plate spells that word हंति elsewhere (158.26). Recorded as printed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads घ्नंति, "they destroy", the plural that जीवादयः needs. The plate ruling of 2026-09-23 found the press sets घ्न where this note saw a bare anusvāra over a blank, so neither हंति nor हन्ति stands.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "शशभृन्मालं"; alternatives "शशभृज्ञालं", "शशभृन्मात्रं" — the ligature after भृ is read न्म but could be ज्ञ at this impression; the line runs on to plate 160, which carries its last printed line and the number ॥९१॥
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥९१॥" — the opening double danda prints with the first stroke short and thin (as ।।); recorded as printed
9.92a reading here is contested योगं भूमिसुतो रविर्न हननीत्यन्ये निहन्युस्तथा कौलीरे बुधभार्गवौ च शुभदावारोऽङ्गिरास्तौ शुभौ । योगो नैव शुभः सुरेज्यसितयोर्घ्नन्त्येव सौम्यादयः एवं सिंहभुवः कुजेज्यशशिनः पापाः शुभो भार्गवः ॥९२॥
yogaṃ bhūmisuto ravirna hananītyanye nihanyustathā kaulīre budhabhārgavau ca śubhadāvāro'ṅgirāstau śubhau | yogo naiva śubhaḥ surejyasitayorghnantyeva saumyādayaḥ evaṃ siṃhabhuvaḥ kujejyaśaśinaḥ pāpāḥ śubho bhārgavaḥ ||92||
Mars and the Sun make the yoga and are not killers, say some; others say they do kill. For Karkaṭaka, Mercury and Venus are givers of good, and Mars and Jupiter (Aṅgiras), those two, are benefics ⟨our mula now reads āro 'ṅgirās, Āra (Mars) and Aṅgiras (Jupiter), which the metre needs.⟩. The yoga of Jupiter and Venus is not at all auspicious; the benefics and the rest do indeed kill. So for one born in Siṃha, Mars, Jupiter and the Moon are malefics, and Venus is a benefic.
1 note on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ऽक्रूरास्तौ"; alternatives "ऽक्रुरास्तौ" — the subscript under क् is read as ra + a long u, but a short u cannot be excluded at this impression; the metre (Sardulavikridita) wants a LIGHT 15th syllable, i.e. 'kru-, so the printed long u makes the pada defective on that reading [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads शुभदावारोऽङ्गिरास्तौ; this sentence names ऽक्रूरास्तौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
9.93a reading here is contested भृग्विन्दू भवतश्च योगफलदौ हन्ता सितो नेतरे एवं स्त्रीजनुषो गुरुस्त्विनकुजौ पापाः शनिज्ञौ शुभौ । चन्द्रः स्वेन तनूभवेन सहितो राजन्ययोगप्रदो भौमो हंति न जीवभानुयुगलं हन्ता तुलाजन्मनः ॥९३॥
bhṛgvindū bhavataśca yogaphaladau hantā sito netare evaṃ strījanuṣo gurustvinakujau pāpāḥ śanijñau śubhau | candraḥ svena tanūbhavena sahito rājanyayogaprado bhaumo haṃti na jīvabhānuyugalaṃ hantā tulājanmanaḥ ||93||
Venus and the Moon become givers of the yoga-fruit; Venus is the killer, the others are not. So for one born under a woman's sign (Kanyā), Jupiter, the Sun and Mars are malefics, while Saturn and Mercury are benefics. The Moon, joined with its own lord of the body, is the giver of the royal yoga. Mars does not kill; he is the killer of the pair of Jupiter and the Sun, for one born in Tulā.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तनूभवेन"; alternatives "तनुभवेन" — the subscript hook under नु is read long (u-u); the metre requires a heavy 6th syllable, which only तनू gives
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "हंति"; alternatives "हन्ति" — printed with anusvara, as at 158.26 and 159.32
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥९३॥" — the closing pair prints as a short stroke with a dot above it followed by a full danda; recorded normalised to ॥ but the ink is irregular
ज्ञो भौमश्च सितस्वगेऽशुभफलाश्चन्द्रस्तथैकः शुभः सूर्याचन्द्रमसौ विशेषफलदौ जीवो न हन्ता स्वयम् । सौम्याद्याः खलु मारका यदि भवेयुर्वृश्चिके जन्मनः शुक्रोऽप्येवमितोऽशुभः शुभकरौ भौमांशुमन्तौ परम् ॥९४॥
jño bhaumaśca sitasvage'śubhaphalāścandrastathaikaḥ śubhaḥ sūryācandramasau viśeṣaphaladau jīvo na hantā svayam | saumyādyāḥ khalu mārakā yadi bhaveyurvṛścike janmanaḥ śukro'pyevamito'śubhaḥ śubhakarau bhaumāṃśumantau param ||94||
Mercury, Mars and Venus in their own houses give inauspicious fruit; the Moon alone is auspicious. The Sun and the Moon are givers of special fruit; Jupiter is not himself a killer. Mercury and the rest are indeed the marakas, if the birth be in Vṛścika. Venus too from here is inauspicious; Mars and the Sun alone are makers of good.
9.95a reading here is contested योगो भास्करसौम्ययोर्निधनकृद्ज्ञो नैव भृग्वादयः एवं चापभुवः कुजाङ्गिरसभासाः सौख्यदा भार्गवः । ज्ञश्चैतौ शुभदौ स्वयं न निधनं मन्दः करोत्यारतो मुख्या मृत्युफलाः सितस्तु मृगभूयोगंकरोऽस्य स्मृतः ।९५।
yogo bhāskarasaumyayornidhanakṛdjño naiva bhṛgvādayaḥ evaṃ cāpabhuvaḥ kujāṅgirasabhāsāḥ saukhyadā bhārgavaḥ | jñaścaitau śubhadau svayaṃ na nidhanaṃ mandaḥ karotyārato mukhyā mṛtyuphalāḥ sitastu mṛgabhūyogaṃkaro'sya smṛtaḥ |95|
The yoga of the Sun and Mercury causes death; Mercury does not, nor Venus and the rest. So, for one born in Cāpa (Dhanus), Mars, Jupiter and the Sun are givers of happiness; Venus, and Mercury — these two ⟨our mula now reads jñaś caitau, 'and Mercury, these two', which fills the syllable the quarter lacked.⟩ are givers of good; death does not come of itself; Saturn causes it, from Mars. The chief givers of death-fruit; but Venus is remembered as the maker of the yoga for one born in Mṛga (Makara). ⟨The verse-number is enclosed in SINGLE daṇḍas here, not the double daṇḍas used elsewhere in this run. Recorded as printed.⟩
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "ज्ञेज्यौ"; alternatives "सौम्येज्यौ" — AS PRINTED the pada is 18 syllables, and it matches positions 2-19 of Sardulavikridita exactly - i.e. one HEAVY syllable is missing at the head of the line. The remaining 18 scan without fault, so the omission is at the start; a three-syllable name of Mercury (e.g. सौम्ये-) would fill it. Not emended: recorded as the plate has it. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads ज्ञश्चैतौ; this sentence names ज्ञेज्यौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "।९५।" — the verse number is enclosed in SINGLE dandas here, not the double dandas used at 158.13, 159.7, 160.16 etc. Recorded as printed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "योगंकरो"; alternatives "योगकरो" — printed with an anusvara on गं; recorded as printed (the metre is indifferent, गं being heavy either way)
9.96a reading here is contested जीवश्चन्द्रकुजा शुभेतरफलाः शुक्रः शुभो भूसुतो योगज्ञो न गुरुर्निहन्ति कुजसूर्मुख्यास्तु मारा घटे । मन्दः शुक्रकविः शुभौ कुजविधू पापौ महीजो गुरुः योगो ज्ञो न कुजो निहन्ति शनिमुख्या घ्नन्ति तल्लक्षणाः ॥ एवं मीनभुवः फलानि शुभपापात्मत्वनिर्दिष्टया खेटानां सहचर्यतः स्थिरवशादूह्यं फलं योगजम् । पुत्रान्दारपितृस्वलाभमुखतो दिव्यान् शुभान् खेचरा दद्युः स्वासु दशासु भुक्तिषु नृणां स्वस्यापि चान्यस्य च ॥९७॥
jīvaścandrakujā śubhetaraphalāḥ śukraḥ śubho bhūsuto yogajño na gururnihanti kujasūrmukhyāstu mārā ghaṭe | mandaḥ śukrakaviḥ śubhau kujavidhū pāpau mahījo guruḥ yogo jño na kujo nihanti śanimukhyā ghnanti tallakṣaṇāḥ || evaṃ mīnabhuvaḥ phalāni śubhapāpātmatvanirdiṣṭayā kheṭānāṃ sahacaryataḥ sthiravaśādūhyaṃ phalaṃ yogajam | putrāndārapitṛsvalābhamukhato divyān śubhān khecarā dadyuḥ svāsu daśāsu bhuktiṣu nṛṇāṃ svasyāpi cānyasya ca ||97||
Jupiter, the Moon and Mars give fruit other than auspicious; Venus is auspicious, and Mars is a maker of the yoga; Jupiter does not kill; Mars and the Sun are the chief marakas for Kumbha. Saturn, Venus and Mercury are benefics; Mars and the Moon are malefics; Mars and Jupiter [make the yoga]; Mercury makes the yoga, Mars does not kill, and Saturn and the rest do kill — such are their marks. ⟨THE VERSE NUMBER IS ABSENT here: the line closes with a double daṇḍa and no numeral, although the English rendering that follows is headed 'Sloka-96.' Recorded as printed, not supplied.⟩ So for one born in Mīna ⟨our mula now reads mīnabhuvaḥ, the chapter's own formula, and the quarter scans.⟩ the fruits are to be inferred by the indication of benefic or malefic nature, from the companionship of the planets and by fixity — the fruit born of the yoga. The planets, in their own daśās and bhuktis, give men sons, wife, father, own wealth, gain and the rest, divine and auspicious — for themselves and for another. ⟨This record runs well past its section's median length and the numbering skips before it, so it probably holds MORE THAN ONE verse whose separating mark was not seen. That is our defect, not the source's: these plates should be re-read before the boundaries of this verse are relied on.⟩
9 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "कुजसूर्मुख्यास्तु"; alternatives "कुजसौर्मुख्यास्तु", "कुजसंमुख्यास्तु" — the syllable between कुज and मुख्या is a स with a subscript u-sign; a repha (in its loop form) stands over मु. The metre wants ONE heavy syllable there, which sur/saur gives; the exact vowel is not certain at this impression.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मारा"; alternatives "मांरा" — a small solid WEDGE stands above the headline between मा and रा. It is not this fount's anusvara (a round ball) and no diacritic belongs there; the same wedge recurs at 158.10. Read as a defect of the sort and not transcribed.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "गुरुः"; alternatives "गुहः" — the second letter could be रु or ह at this impression; गुरुः (Jupiter) is what Sastri's facing rendering requires ('The association of Jupiter and Mars will cause Rajayoga')
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥" — THE VERSE NUMBER IS ABSENT. The line closes with a double danda and no numeral, although the English rendering that follows is headed 'Sloka-96.' Recorded as printed - not supplied.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मीनभः"; alternatives "मीनभवः", "मीनभुवः" — AS PRINTED the pada is 18 syllables and fails Sardulavikridita at position 5, which must be light; a four-syllable मीनभवः / मीनभुवः would scan without fault. The visarga after भ is unmistakable at 5.5x, so the plate really does read मीनभः. Not emended. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads मीनभुवः; this sentence names मीनभः, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "शादूहं" — a small comma-like mark is printed below दू, exactly at the sandhi juncture (śāt + ūham). The same mark stands under द at 158.24 and 158.25, in both cases at a sandhi juncture. Read as an editorial mark, not a virama, and not transcribed. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads स्थिरवशादूह्यं; this sentence names शादूहं, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पितृस्वलाभ"; alternatives "पितृखलाभ" — the letter after पितृ is स्व (compare स्वायुजः 158.11), not ख; only स्व makes तृ heavy, which the metre requires, and only sva-labha matches Sastri's 'father, gain'
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 97 within its section; it is published at position 96.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: This record runs well past its section's median length and the numbering skips before it, so it probably holds MORE THAN ONE verse whose separating mark was not seen. OUR defect, not the source's — re-read this verse's plates before relying on its boundaries.
9.97a reading here is contested शास्त्रं सम्यगधीत्य चापि सुधियो बुध्वा वदन्त्युत्तमाः को जानाति न चैव कोऽपि यदि चेज्जानाति चैकः स्वयम् । योगेष्वेव खरादयश्च शुनकाद्याश्चापि जायन्त इत्यावेदेति परं त्वदृष्टनिहता योगा दशास्वेव ते ॥ ९८ ॥
śāstraṃ samyagadhītya cāpi sudhiyo budhvā vadantyuttamāḥ ko jānāti na caiva ko'pi yadi cejjānāti caikaḥ svayam | yogeṣveva kharādayaśca śunakādyāścāpi jāyanta ityāvedeti paraṃ tvadṛṣṭanihatā yogā daśāsveva te || 98 ||
The best of the wise, having studied the śāstra properly and understood it, speak. Who understands? ⟨our mula now reads jānāti, 'knows'.⟩ No one at all does ⟨our mula now carries caiva after na, which fills the two syllables the quarter lacked.⟩; and if anyone knows, he knows it by himself alone. In the yogas themselves are born asses and the like, and dogs and the like as well — thus it is declared. But beyond that, the yogas, struck down by the unseen, [act] only in the daśās.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चानाति"; alternatives "जानाति" — first letter read च; ज cannot be excluded, and Sastri's rendering ('who has understood') wants jānāti [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads जानाति; this sentence names चानाति, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "पाद length" — AS PRINTED this pada is 17 syllables where Sardulavikridita needs 19. Syllables 1-7 and 12-19 scan without fault; the two missing syllables fall around यदि (positions 8-11 should be - u u u). Not emended.
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 98 within its section; it is published at position 97.
पापानां यदि चेन्महोच्चगतयः किं मारकानां यथा लग्नस्थो यदि मन्द इत्थसिघटीचापेषु लक्ष्मीप्रदः । केन्द्रे नो यदि सप्तमे गुरुयुते ज्ञेनान्विते वेक्षिते राजासौ यदि सप्तमेश्वरदशाभुक्तौ मृतिं निर्दिशेत् ॥ ९९ ॥
pāpānāṃ yadi cenmahoccagatayaḥ kiṃ mārakānāṃ yathā lagnastho yadi manda itthasighaṭīcāpeṣu lakṣmīpradaḥ | kendre no yadi saptame guruyute jñenānvite vekṣite rājāsau yadi saptameśvaradaśābhuktau mṛtiṃ nirdiśet || 99 ||
If the malefics reach their deepest exaltations, what then of the marakas? If Saturn stands in the lagna in Kumbha, Vṛṣabha or Dhanus, he is a giver of wealth. In a kendra — if not, and if Saturn be in the seventh joined with Jupiter, or joined with or aspected by Mercury, that man is a king; and if [otherwise], one should declare death in the daśā and bhukti of the lord of the seventh.
1 note on this verse
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 99 within its section; it is published at position 98.
9.99a reading here is contested लग्नात्सप्तमगे गुरौ भृगुसुते तत्सप्तमे स्यान्मृतिः आयुर्नाथवशाष्टमे यदि युते पापाढ्यये त्रिंशकः । भाग्येशाद्यदि चाष्टमे रविसुते चौजांशयुक्ते च्युतिः भाग्यस्येति वदेच्च केरलमतं वाहाद्ऋते वाहनम् ॥ १०० ॥
lagnātsaptamage gurau bhṛgusute tatsaptame syānmṛtiḥ āyurnāthavaśāṣṭame yadi yute pāpāḍhyaye triṃśakaḥ | bhāgyeśādyadi cāṣṭame ravisute caujāṃśayukte cyutiḥ bhāgyasyeti vadecca keralamataṃ vāhādṛte vāhanam || 100 ||
If Jupiter be in the seventh from the lagna and Venus in the seventh from him, there will be death. If the eighth be occupied by the lord of longevity ⟨āyurnātha: the mark over nā is the repha in its loop form; only āyurnātha scans, āyunātha leaving the second syllable light where śārdūlavikrīḍita needs it heavy⟩, joined and burdened with malefics, then a thirty-year span. And if Saturn be in the eighth from the lord of the 9th and joined with an odd navāṃśa, there is a fall of fortune — so one should declare, and this is the Kerala doctrine: a vehicle without a vehicle. ⟨A small comma-like mark is printed below the da at the sandhi juncture vāhāt + ṛte, as it is at three other sandhi junctures in this run; read as an editorial mark and not transcribed.⟩
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आयुर्नाथ"; alternatives "आयुनाथ" — the mark over ना is the repha in its loop form (as at 159.4 सूर्य and 159.18 अर्क); only आयुर्नाथ scans, आयुनाथ leaving the 2nd syllable light where Sardulavikridita needs it heavy
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वाहाद्ऋते" — the same small comma-like mark is printed below द here, again at a sandhi juncture (vahat + rte), as at 158.24, 158.25, 162.15
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 100 within its section; it is published at position 99.
9.100a reading here is contested चन्द्रे शुक्रसमन्विते तदधिपे केन्द्रत्रिकोणेऽथवा वाहानामभिवृद्धिमादिशति सुस्थैर्यान्वितां श्रीमतः । भ्रातुश्चाष्टमनायके त्रिषडगायादिस्थिते तच्च्युतिं रन्ध्रे नीचयुतेऽष्टमं नसहितं जीवेन चेद्द्राङ्मृतिः ॥१०१॥
candre śukrasamanvite tadadhipe kendratrikoṇe'thavā vāhānāmabhivṛddhimādiśati susthairyānvitāṃ śrīmataḥ | bhrātuścāṣṭamanāyake triṣaḍagāyādisthite taccyutiṃ randhre nīcayute'ṣṭamaṃ nasahitaṃ jīvena ceddrāṅmṛtiḥ ||101||
If the Moon be joined with Venus, and their lord in a kendra or a trine, it indicates an increase of vehicles for a wealthy man, attended with firm stability. If the lord of the eighth from the brother [the 3rd] be placed in the 3rd, 6th, 11th and the rest, that means their loss. If the eighth be joined with a debilitated planet, and be joined with Jupiter, death comes at once.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "त्रिषडगायादिस्थिते"; alternatives "त्रिषडगयादिस्थिते" — printed as one word without a visible break; the metre confirms the syllable count
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मृतिः" — a stray dot stands after the visarga, before the space preceding the verse number
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 101 within its section; it is published at position 100.
9.101a reading here is contested चन्द्रेणापि निरीक्षितेऽचिरमृतिर्भाग्यादथाष्टेश्वरे शुक्रे राहुयुते च केतुमुखतो भाग्यव्ययं निर्दिशेत् । शुक्रे षष्ठमथाष्टमं च गतवत्युल्कादिना संयुते आयुर्हैन्यमुतादिशंत चरराट् स्वस्मिन् स्थिते द्वन्द्वतः ॥१०२॥
candreṇāpi nirīkṣite'ciramṛtirbhāgyādathāṣṭeśvare śukre rāhuyute ca ketumukhato bhāgyavyayaṃ nirdiśet | śukre ṣaṣṭhamathāṣṭamaṃ ca gatavatyulkādinā saṃyute āyurhainyamutādiśaṃta cararāṭ svasmin sthite dvandvataḥ ||102||
If it is also aspected by the Moon, death comes soon. If the lord of the eighth from the 9th, Venus, be joined with Rāhu, then from Ketu onward one should declare loss of fortune and expenditure. If Venus have gone to the sixth or the eighth and be joined with a meteor and the like ⟨our mula now reads ulkādinā, 'with a meteor and the like', with the long ā the metre needs.⟩, one should declare a diminution of longevity; and the moving lord, when standing in its own, from the pair.
5 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "उल्क दिना"; alternatives "उल्कादिना" — AS PRINTED there is a word space after क and no aa-matra, though the headline runs a short tail to the right of क where one would sit. The metre requires a heavy 14th syllable, i.e. ulkaa-dinaa (and Sastri's rendering has 'with Ulka and other comets'), so the aa-matra has probably failed to print. Recorded as printed. [2026-09-20: the mūla now reads ∅ for दिना, corrected in the mūla verification of 2026-09-20 (see the revisions row of that pass on this verse); this note describes the earlier text.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "षष्ठमथाष्टमं" — a dot stands above थां; read as a stray, the metre wanting no anusvara there
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "मुतादिशंत"; alternatives "मुतादिशेत्" — a small raised comma-like mark stands between मुता and दि; not transcribed. The printed दिशंत scans (position 8 heavy, 9 light) where दिशेत् would not, so the plate's reading is metrically sound.
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "आयुर्हैन्य"; alternatives "आयुर्हीन्य" — the vowel of the second syllable read ai; the mark stack over ह is crowded by the repha
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 102 within its section; it is published at position 101.
9.102a reading here is contested द्वन्द्वेशे स्थिरयुग्मनागमगमस्थैर्योभयादौ क्रमात् दीर्घं मध्यममल्पमित्युपदिशेदायुर्नराणां सुधीः । एवं चास्थिरयुग्मकस्थिरगृहं ज्ञेयं तयोर्यातियोः शुक्रक्षेत्रकुजेऽथवा कुजगृहे शुक्रे च जारिष्णुत ॥१०३॥
dvandveśe sthirayugmanāgamagamasthairyobhayādau kramāt dīrghaṃ madhyamamalpamityupadiśedāyurnarāṇāṃ sudhīḥ | evaṃ cāsthirayugmakasthiragṛhaṃ jñeyaṃ tayoryātiyoḥ śukrakṣetrakuje'thavā kujagṛhe śukre ca jāriṣṇuta ||103||
When the lord of the pair-sign is in a fixed, a dual, or a movable sign, and in the fixed and the twofold and so on, respectively, the wise man should declare men's longevity to be long, middling, and short. So too in the case of a movable, a dual, and a fixed house, this is to be known for those two ⟨tayoryātiyoḥ: the i-mātrā on ti is clear at 1.75x but the sequence is unusual; both readings scan⟩. And when Mars is in Venus's field, or Venus is in Mars's house, there is [a state of] going to lovers ⟨jāriṣṇuta as printed; the quarter-final syllable is anceps, so metre does not decide the ending⟩.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "तयोर्यातियोः"; alternatives "तयोर्यातयोः" — the i-matra on ति is clear at 1.75x but the sequence is unusual; both readings scan
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "जारिष्णुत"; alternatives "जारिष्णुता" — recorded as printed; the pada-final syllable is anceps so the metre does not decide
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 103 within its section; it is published at position 102.
9.103a reading here is contested भानोर्भूसुतमन्दयोर्द्वितिथियुक्स्युर्द्वादशीसप्तमी चित्तादन्यगतेषु भेषु च पुरीत्रागेषु चान्योद्भवः ॥१०४॥
bhānorbhūsutamandayordvitithiyuksyurdvādaśīsaptamī cittādanyagateṣu bheṣu ca purītrāgeṣu cānyodbhavaḥ ||104||
From the Sun, of Mars and Saturn ⟨our mula now reads yuk syur, 'they would be joined'.⟩, joined with two tithis, the twelfth and the seventh. And in the asterisms gone elsewhere than the citta, and in the ⟨purītrāgeṣu⟩, one is born of another. ⟨our mula now reads dvādaśīsaptamī without the surplus ma, so the first line scans at nineteen syllables; two lines of this verse are still missing.⟩
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "युक्म्युर्द्वादशीमसप्तमी"; alternatives "युक्स्युर्द्वादशीमसप्तमी" — the cluster after युक् is read म्यु but स्यु cannot be excluded; a repha (loop form) stands over the following syllable. Syllables 1-12 of the pada scan as flawless Sardulavikridita; as I read the remainder the line runs to 20 syllables, one over. Given that the edition states two lines of this very verse are lost, a defective text here is expected. Not emended. [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads भानोर्भूसुतमन्दयोर्द्वितिथियुक्स्युर्द्वादशीसप्तमी; this sentence names युक्म्युर्द्वादशीमसप्तमी, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "॥१०४॥" — a small dot follows the closing double danda
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 104 within its section; it is published at position 103.
9.104a reading here is contested सिताच्चतुर्थाष्टमगैश्च पापैः पापान्तरे सप्तमनाथशुक्रे । अदृष्टियुक्ते शुभखेचरैर्वा वधूवरौ वह्निनिपातयोगजौ ॥१०५॥
sitāccaturthāṣṭamagaiśca pāpaiḥ pāpāntare saptamanāthaśukre | adṛṣṭiyukte śubhakhecarairvā vadhūvarau vahninipātayogajau ||105||
When malefics stand in the fourth and eighth from Venus, in the interval between malefics, and the lord of the seventh together with Venus is unaspected, or is with benefic planets — the bride and the bridegroom are born of a yoga of fire and of falling ⟨our mula now reads vadhūvarau, 'the bride and the bridegroom'.⟩.
3 notes on this verse
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "चतुर्थाष्टमगैश्च" — a stray dot stands above र्थां in addition to the repha; the metre wants no anusvara there
- Where the Sanskrit is open: Reader's uncertainty: read "वभूवरौ"; alternatives "बभूवरौ", "बभूवतुः" — व and ब are near-identical in this fount; recorded as व [2026-09-23: the mūla now reads वधूवरौ; this sentence names वभूवरौ, the form our text carried before the mūla-verification pass of 2026-09-20 corrected it, and it is kept as history.]
- About this edition: The printing numbers this verse 105 within its section; it is published at position 104.